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Despite the significance of H 2 O 2 -metal adducts in catalysis, materials science and biotechnology, the nature of the interactions between H 2 O 2 and metal cations remains elusive and debatable. This is primarily due to the extremely weak coordinating ability of H 2 O 2 , which poses challenges in characterizing and understanding the specific nature of these interactions. Herein, we present an approach to obtain H 2 O 2 –metal complexes that employs neat H 2 O 2 as both solvent and ligand. SnCl 4 effectively binds H 2 O 2 , forming a SnCl 4 (H 2 O 2 ) 2 complex, as confirmed by 119 Sn and 17 O NMR spectroscopy. Crystalline adducts, SnCl 4 (H 2 O 2 ) 2 ·H 2 O 2 ·18-crown-6 and 2[SnCl 4 (H 2 O 2 )(H 2 O)]·18-crown-6, are isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction, providing the complete characterization of the hydrogen bonding of H 2 O 2 ligands including geometric parameters and energy values. DFT analysis reveals the synergy between a coordinative bond of H 2 O 2 with metal cation and its hydrogen bonding with a second coordination sphere. This synergism of primary and secondary interactions might be a key to understanding H 2 O 2 reactivity in biological systems. Despite the significance of H2O2-metal adducts, the nature of the interactions between H2O2 and metal cations remains elusive due to the weak coordinating ability of H2O2, which poses challenges in characterizing the specific nature of these interactions. Herein, the authors obtain H2O2–metal complexes using H2O2 as both solvent and ligand.

Tellurates have attracted the attention of researchers over the past decade due to their properties and as less toxic forms of tellurium derivatives. However, the speciation of Te(VI) in aqueous solutions has not been comprehensively studied. We present a study of the equilibrium speciation of tellurates in aqueous solutions at a wide pH range, 2.5–15 by 17O, 123Te, and 125Te NMR spectroscopy. The coexistence of monomeric, dimeric, and trimeric oxidotellurate species in chemical equilibrium at a wide pH range has been shown. NMR spectroscopy, DFT computations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation and coexistence of trimeric tellurate anions with linear and triangular structures. Two cesium tellurates, Cs2[Te4O8(OH)10] and Cs2[Te2O4(OH)6], were isolated from the solution at pH 5.5 and 9.2, respectively, and studied by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry, revealing dimeric and tetrameric tellurate anions in corresponding crystal structures.

Germanium and germanium-based compounds are widely used in microelectronics, optics, solar cells, and sensors. Recently, germanium and its oxides, nitrides, and phosphides have been studied as active electrode materials in lithium- and sodium-ion battery anodes. Herein, the newly introduced highly soluble germanium oxide (HSGO) was used as a versatile precursor for germanium-based functional materials. In the first stage, a germanium-dioxide-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite was obtained by complete precipitation of GeO2 nanoparticles on the GO from an aqueous solution of HSGO and subsequent thermal treatment in argon at low temperature. The composition of the composite, GeO2-rGO (20 to 80 wt.% of crystalline phase), was able to be accurately determined by the HSGO to GO ratio in the initial solution since complete deposition and precipitation were achieved. The chemical activity of germanium dioxide nanoparticles deposited on reduced graphene oxide was shown by conversion to rGO-supported germanium nitride and phosphide phases. The GeP-rGO and Ge3N4-rGO composites with different morphologies were prepared in this study for the first time. As a test case, composite materials with different loadings of GeO2, GeP, and Ge3N4 were evaluated as lithium-ion battery anodes. Reversible conversion–alloying was demonstrated in all cases, and for the low-germanium loading range (20 wt.%), almost theoretical charge capacity based on the germanium content was attained at 100 mA g−1 (i.e., 2595 vs. 2465 mAh g−1 for Ge3N4 and 1790 vs. 1850 mAh g−1 for GeP). The germanium oxide was less efficiently exploited due to its lower conversion reversibility.

Tellurates have attracted the attention of researchers over the past decade due to their properties and as less toxic forms of tellurium derivatives. However, the speciation of Te(VI) in aqueous solutions has not been comprehensively studied. We present a study of the equilibrium speciation of tellurates in aqueous solutions at a wide pH range, 2.5–15 by [sup.17] O, [sup.123] Te, and [sup.125] Te NMR spectroscopy. The coexistence of monomeric, dimeric, and trimeric oxidotellurate species in chemical equilibrium at a wide pH range has been shown. NMR spectroscopy, DFT computations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation and coexistence of trimeric tellurate anions with linear and triangular structures. Two cesium tellurates, Cs[sub.2] [Te[sub.4] O[sub.8] (OH)[sub.10] ] and Cs[sub.2] [Te[sub.2] O[sub.4] (OH)[sub.6] ], were isolated from the solution at pH 5.5 and 9.2, respectively, and studied by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry, revealing dimeric and tetrameric tellurate anions in corresponding crystal structures.

Hydrogen peroxide assisted sol–gel coating of core-shell microcapsules of phase change materials (PCMs) is reported. A doubly coated paraffin core with an inner poly(melamine-formaldehyde) shell and an outer coating of peroxostannate, peroxoantimonate, their mixture or the respective metal oxides are reported. Triple coating of the paraffin core with a poly(melamine-formaldehyde) inner shell, tin oxide middle layer and graphene oxide outer coating is also achieved by hydrogen peroxide sol–gel processing. The latent heats of the microencapsulated PCMs ranged between 122 and 192 J g −1 . The sol–gel process involves stabilization of the peroxostannate or peroxoantimonate sol in basic aqueous hydrogen peroxide and subsequent destabilization and deposition of the sol by addition of an antisolvent. Transformation to the metal oxide coating is conducted by chemical reduction with sodium sulfite or by mild heat treatment without leakage of the paraffin core. The hydrogen bonding of hydroperoxo capped stannate nanoparticles to poly(melamine formaldehyde) - paraffin microcapsule. Highlights H 2 O 2 assisted sol–gel coating of phase change organic–inorganic phase change microcapsules. Organic–inorganic, core-shell phase change microcapsules with up to 192 J g −1 latent heat. SnO 2 and reduced graphene oxide coating of paraffin - poly(melamine-formaldehyde) microcapsules.

Tellurates have attracted the attention of researchers over the past decade due to their properties and as less toxic forms of tellurium derivatives. However, the speciation of Te(VI) in aqueous solutions has not been comprehensively studied. We present a study of the equilibrium speciation of tellurates in aqueous solutions at a wide pH range, 2.5-15 by O, Te, and Te NMR spectroscopy. The coexistence of monomeric, dimeric, and trimeric oxidotellurate species in chemical equilibrium at a wide pH range has been shown. NMR spectroscopy, DFT computations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation and coexistence of trimeric tellurate anions with linear and triangular structures. Two cesium tellurates, Cs [Te O (OH) ] and Cs [Te O (OH) ], were isolated from the solution at pH 5.5 and 9.2, respectively, and studied by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry, revealing dimeric and tetrameric tellurate anions in corresponding crystal structures.

The paper focuses on the analysis of the cryptocurrency open innovation market to predict sustainable growth in the future. The nature of cryptocurrencies 'development leads to the rapid increase in their popularity and spread of trading at this new market. The high volatility of these assets is encouraging to understand and predict their price in ever changing market environment. The paper proposed the pool complexity approach to choose optimal technology using social activity in the internet, trading parameters, technical indicators and other cryptocurrency data. According to the results of the analysis, the most effective and promising cryptocurrency is EOS cryptocurrency, which has the lowest complexity and commission level among the analyzed digital currencies and allows you to implement third-party applications in the system.

The article analyzes the political and legal features of the organization of renewable energy activities in Iceland. It is designed by the relevance of using renewable energy as one of the safest for the environment, natural resources, health and life of the population. The choice of Icelandic legislation in this area is based on 85% of all primary energy of Iceland are renewable sources; a full-fledged legislation has been created in Iceland. The provisions of the National Plan for the Development of Renewable Sources were studied in 2014, which determines the direction of state internal and external energy policy. The basic legislative acts that regulate various aspects of renewable energy development in Iceland: The Law on National Energy Company and the Act of electricity produced using renewable sources. The legal status and competence of state bodies is involved in the process of making and implementing energy relevant decisions in this area, namely: Ministry of Industry and Innovation and National Energy Agency.

The paper propose the energy market crisis impact on the Russian budget revenues in 2015. We develop the model to forecast the impact of oil prices on budget revenues in Russia. The practical significance of this work lies in the structuring of existing knowledge on oil crisis impact on the Russian budget. Brent crude oil prices were in the range of 115-79 dollars per barrel in 2014. The cyclical strengthening of US dollar and political factors have led to an increase in supply in the oil market by more than 20%. In 2015, we saw a decline in oil prices below $ 40 per barrel. The strengthening of the United States dollar was a major factor in the decline, as it was in the middle of 2001, when the price fell by about a one third before starting a long-term sharp increase.

International companies producing renewable energy have the potential for growth, that is, an increase in production, and profits have been confirmed. [...]the bioenergy and solar energy sector has shown a significant increase in profits against the background of the crisis. In such conditions, there is definitely an incentive for the growth of the stock prices of companies operating in the field of bio and solar energy, as one of the advanced areas of renewable energy. Since bio and solar energy is a renewable-energy sector with one of the highest cash flows, the rise in stock prices is obvious, as is a short-term price correction after a rapid increase over the following weeks. [...]an outcome is most likely, based on the decline in a company’s profitability during the crisis period. [...]coming out of the crisis, the company will show very high results as a percentage of previous periods, which will provide an incentive to investors to invest in this company, and this, in turn, will bring an additional flow of free cash, which is necessary for moving away from the range and moving to the revaluation of shares, relative to the changed fundamentals. [...]the massive introduction of PVs has changed the shape of the demand curve for electricity, which significantly impacts the operational planning of thermal generators. [...]this paper proposes an advanced direct load control (ADLC) model to temporarily shut down the electric connection between the power grid and smart houses (SHs).