Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
734
result(s) for
"Mills, Mary"
Sort by:
سلاطين بني عثمان الخمسة
هذا الكتاب به تحدثت الكاتبة \"ماري ملز باتريك\" عن \"سلاطين بني عثمان الخمسة\" الذين حكموا تركيا أخيرا وشرحت حياتهم شرحا دقيقا حتة فضحتها وكشفت عن حياتهم الخاصة وعلاقاتهم السرية بالأجانب وسلطت الأضواء على تطور حركة الإصلاح وكيف تنهض الشعوب وبينت كيف انتقلت هذه الأمة من حالة التأخر إلى مركز مهم بين الدول وأثنت الكاتبة على مجهودات الشبان والشابات الذين كانوا لهم الفضل الأكبر في هذه الحركة القومية في وقتها وتضحيتهم من أجلها.
BOOK
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Prevalence and Risk of Recurrence in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: A Meta-analytic Review
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS; myocardial infarction or unstable angina) can induce posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and ACS-induced PTSD may increase patients' risk for subsequent cardiac events and mortality.
To determine the prevalence of PTSD induced by ACS and to quantify the association between ACS-induced PTSD and adverse clinical outcomes using systematic review and meta-analysis.
Articles were identified by searching Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus, and through manual search of reference lists.
Observational cohort studies that assessed PTSD with specific reference to an ACS event at least 1 month prior. We extracted estimates of the prevalence of ACS-induced PTSD and associations with clinical outcomes, as well as study characteristics. We identified 56 potentially relevant articles, 24 of which met our criteria (N = 2383). Meta-analysis yielded an aggregated prevalence estimate of 12% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9%-16%) for clinically significant symptoms of ACS-induced PTSD in a random effects model. Individual study prevalence estimates varied widely (0%-32%), with significant heterogeneity in estimates explained by the use of a screening instrument (prevalence estimate was 16% [95% CI, 13%-20%] in 16 studies) vs a clinical diagnostic interview (prevalence estimate was 4% [95% CI, 3%-5%] in 8 studies). The aggregated point estimate for the magnitude of the relationship between ACS-induced PTSD and clinical outcomes (ie, mortality and/or ACS recurrence) across the 3 studies that met our criteria (N = 609) suggested a doubling of risk (risk ratio, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.69-2.37) in ACS patients with clinically significant PTSD symptoms relative to patients without PTSD symptoms.
This meta-analysis suggests that clinically significant PTSD symptoms induced by ACS are moderately prevalent and are associated with increased risk for recurrent cardiac events and mortality. Further tests of the association of ACS-induced PTSD and clinical outcomes are needed.
Journal Article
Dynamics of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus infection within the vector, Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Culicoides sonorensis biting midges are confirmed vectors of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), which causes mortality in white-tailed deer and ruminant populations. Currently, of the seven EHDV serotypes, only 1, 2, and 6 are detected in the USA, and very few studies have focused on the infection time course of these serotypes within the midge. The objective of this current research was to characterize EHDV-2 infection within the midge by measuring infection prevalence, virus dissemination, and viral load over the course of infection. Midges were fed a blood meal containing 106.9 PFU/ml EHDV-2, collected every 12 h from 0-2 days post feeding (dpf) and daily from 3-10 dpf, and cohorts of 20 C. sonorensis were processed using techniques that assessed EHDV infection and dissemination. Cytopathic effect assays and quantitative (q)PCR were used to determine infection prevalence, revealing a 50% infection rate by 10 dpf using both methods. Using immunohistochemistry, EHDV-2 infection was detectable at 5 dpf, and shown to disseminate from the midgut to other tissues, including fat body, eyes, and salivary glands by 5 dpf. Stain intensity increased from 5-8 dpf, indicating replication of EHDV-2 in secondary infection sites after dissemination. This finding is also supported by trends in viral load over time as determined by plaque assays and qPCR. An increase in titer between 4-5 dpf correlated with viral replication in the midgut as seen with staining at day 5, while the subsequent gradual increase in viral load from 8-10 dpf suggested viral replication in midges with disseminated infection. Overall, the data presented herein suggest that EHDV-2 disseminates via the hemolymph to secondary infection sites throughout the midge and demonstrate a high potential for transmission at five days at 25°C after an infective blood-meal.
Journal Article
Psychometric Evaluation of the Moral Injury Events Scale
Literature describing the phenomenology of the stress of combat suggests that war-zone experiences may lead to adverse psychological outcomes such as post-traumatic stress disorder not only because they expose persons to life threat and loss but also because they may contradict deeply held moral and ethical beliefs and expectations. We sought to develop and validate a measure of potentially morally injurious events as a necessary step toward studying moral injury as a possible adverse consequence of combat. We administered an 11-item, self-report Moral Injury Events Scale to active duty Marines 1 week and 3 months following war-zone deployment. Two items were eliminated because of low item-total correlations. The remaining 9 items were subjected to an exploratory factor analysis, which revealed two latent factors that we labeled perceived transgressions and perceived betrayals; these were confirmed via confirmatory factor analysis on an independent sample. The overall Moral Injury Events Scale and its two subscales had favorable internal validity, and comparisons between the 1-week and 3-month data suggested good temporal stability. Initial discriminant and concurrent validity were also established. Future research directions were discussed.
Journal Article
Dietary fiber intake and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal African American women with obesity
Fiber intake may be associated with lower risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) but data from metabolically unhealthy African American women is sparse. We examined the association of dietary fiber intake and MetS among postmenopausal African American women with obesity. Baseline cross-sectional data from the Focused Intervention on Exercise to Reduce CancEr (FIERCE) trial of 213 women (mean age 58.3 years) were used. Dietary intake was assessed by Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs). Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were performed to estimate associations of MetS with fiber intake and adherence to dietary fiber intake guidelines, respectively. Mean daily fiber intake was (10.33 g/1000kcal) in women with impaired metabolic health. We observed an inverse association of total fiber intake with MetS. One unit increase in energy-adjusted fiber intake was associated with a 0.10 unit decrease in the MetS z-score (p = 0.02). Similar results were obtained for both soluble and insoluble fiber. In multivariate-adjusted analyses, participants not adherent to fiber intake recommendations were more likely to have MetS as compared to those reporting intakes in the recommended range (adjusted odds ratio 4.24, 95% CI: 1.75, 10.30). Of the MetS components, high fasting glucose and high triglycerides were all associated with lower intake of fiber. Study participants who consumed a higher amount of fiber had a better overall metabolic profile and were less likely to have MetS in our cross-sectional analysis of postmenopausal African American women with obesity and unhealthy metabolic profiles.
Journal Article
Association of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Hospitalization Among Hurricane Katrina Survivors With End-Stage Renal Disease
Objectives. We determined the association of psychiatric symptoms in the year after Hurricane Katrina with subsequent hospitalization and mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Methods. A prospective cohort of ESRD patients (n = 391) treated at 9 hemodialysis centers in the New Orleans, Louisiana, area in the weeks before Hurricane Katrina were assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms via telephone interview 9 to 15 months later. Two combined outcomes through August 2009 (maximum 3.5-year follow-up) were analyzed: (1) all-cause and (2) cardiovascular-related hospitalization and mortality. Results. Twenty-four percent of participants screened positive for PTSD and 46% for depression; 158 participants died (79 cardiovascular deaths), and 280 participants were hospitalized (167 for cardiovascular-related causes). Positive depression screening was associated with 33% higher risk of all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06, 1.66) and cardiovascular-related hospitalization and mortality (HR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.76). PTSD was not significantly associated with either outcome. Conclusions. Depression in the year after Hurricane Katrina was associated with increased risk of hospitalization and mortality in ESRD patients, underscoring the long-term consequences of natural disasters for vulnerable populations.
Journal Article
Personality preferences and stress perception among nursing students in different nursing programmes: a cross-sectional study
Background
Understanding personality preferences is crucial for guiding healthcare education and the stress management strategies of nursing students. While stress in nursing education has been well studied, its relationship with personality preferences, particularly in clinical settings, has been underexplored. This study aims to investigate the relationship between personality preferences and stress perception among nursing students in three different nursing programmes.
Methods
This cross-sectional study recruited 780 nursing students. We used structured questionnaires to collect data on demographics, personality preferences, and stress perception. The Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) was used to measure personality preferences across four dimensions: extraversion/introversion, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/perceiving. The Chinese version of the MBTI and the Nurse Stress Checklist were also employed. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, and independent t-tests.
Results
Three common personality preferences were identified: extraversion, intuition, feeling, and perceiving; introversion, sensing, thinking, and judging; and introversion, sensing, feeling, and judging. The findings indicate that stress was significantly related to personality preferences. There were significant differences in the stress scores and the extraversion/introversion and thinking/feeling subscales. However, no significant differences in stress levels were observed across different nursing programmes.
Conclusions
Each personality trait exhibited specific stress coping mechanisms. Addressing students' stress is crucial because it can lead to academic burnout and attrition. This study's findings can inform strategies to reduce stress while accommodating students' personality traits, ultimately enhancing student success in nursing programmes.
Journal Article
Sustaining pedagogical change via faculty learning community
BackgroundThe necessity of a science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) literate population continues to be a high priority worldwide. One approach to build and bolster a STEM-literate workforce is to explore approaches for strengthening the teaching of college-level STEM courses. The use of collaborative student learning pedagogy is broadly accepted as an effective approach to improve student learning outcomes over traditional methods, such as lecture. How to encourage and sustain the use of such evidence-based teaching practices in STEM fields is a critical topic. To achieve pedagogical change among college faculty, research supports a faculty learning community (FLC) structure. FLCs are a way to facilitate deeper understanding of a topic within a community of practice. Of particular interest for this paper is whether any FLC-supported pedagogical change was sustained by the faculty after the FLC ended and if so why.ResultsEngineering faculty found success in implementing paradigmatic pedagogical changes by engaging in an FLC that intentionally provided structures to promote a community of practice. This paper reports on the endurance of these pedagogical changes up to 2 years following conclusion of the FLC, with evidence summarizing reasons why many of the faculty had absorbed much of the once-new pedagogical approaches into their ongoing practices.ConclusionsFLC structures that faculty credit to their pedagogical change and the enduring impacts of those changes are described. These results offer evidence that it is possible to structure faculty support for them to make enduring pedagogical change, rather than temporary or one-time changes as part of a particular initiative. The findings, discussion, and conclusions of this study are likely to be of interest to faculty developers, innovative university leadership, or faculty exploring ways of sustaining a pedagogical change.
Journal Article
Systemic DNA Damage and Repair Activity Vary by Race in Breast Cancer Survivors
Non-Hispanic Black breast cancer survivors have poorer outcomes and higher mortality rates than White survivors, but systemic biological mechanisms underlying these disparities are unclear. We used circulating leukocytes as a surrogate for measuring systemic mechanisms, which might be different from processes in the target tissue (e.g., breast). We investigated race-based differences in DNA damage and repair, using a novel CometChip assay, in circulating leukocytes from breast cancer survivors who had completed primary cancer therapy and were cancer free. We observed novel race-based differences in systemic DNA damage and repair activity in cancer survivors, but not in cells from healthy volunteers. Basal DNA damage in leukocytes was higher in White survivors, but Black survivors showed a much higher induction after bleomycin treatment. Double-strand break repair activity was also significantly different between the races, with cells from White survivors showing more sustained repair activity compared to Black leukocytes. These results suggest that cancer and cancer therapy might have long-lasting effects on systemic DNA damage and repair mechanisms that differ in White survivors and Black survivors. Findings from our preliminary study in non-cancer cells (circulating leukocytes) suggest systemic effects beyond the target site, with implications for accelerated aging-related cancer survivorship disparities.
Journal Article