Explore the vast range of titles available.

•NIR methods for qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs have been established.•1118 samples were used for the model building and validation purposes.•The RMSEC, RMSECV, and RMSEP for all models were less than 1.6%, 2.9%, and 3.6%, respectively. Rapid and nondestructive near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) methods have been developed for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of methamphetamine, ketamine, heroin, and cocaine in seized samples. This is the first systematic report regarding a qualitative and quantitative procedure of applying NIR for drug analysis. A total of 282 calibration samples and 836 prediction samples were used for the building and validating of qualitative and quantitative models. Two qualitative analysis modeling methods for soft independent modeling by class analogy (SIMCA) and supporting vector machine (SVM) were compared. From its excellent performance in rejecting false positive results, SIMCA was chosen. The drug concentrations in the calibration and validation sample sets were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Based on the use of first-order derivative spectral data after standard normal variate (SNV) transformation correction, in the wavelength range from 10,000 to 4000cm−1, four partial least squares quantitative-analysis models were built. The coefficients of determination for all calibration models were >99.3, and the RMSEC, RMSECV, and RMSEP were all less than 1.6, 2.9, and 3.6%, respectively. The results obtained here indicated that NIR with chemometric methods was accurate for qualitative and quantitative analysis of drug samples. This methodology provided a potentially useful alternative to time-consuming gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography methods.

Perovskite semiconductors have shown significant promise for photodetection due to their low effective carrier masses and long carrier lifetimes. However, achieving balanced detection across a broad spectrum—from X‐rays to infrared—within a single perovskite photodetector presents challenges. These challenges stem from conflicting requirements for different wavelength ranges, such as the narrow bandgap needed for infrared detection and the low dark current necessary for X‐ray sensitivity. To address this, this study have designed a type‐II FAPbI3 perovskite‐based heterojunction featuring a large energy band offset utilizing narrow bandgap tellurium (Te) semiconductor. This innovative design broadens the detection range into the infrared while simultaneously reducing dark current noise. As‐designed device allows for the detection of near infrared band, achieving a detectivity of 6.8 × 109 Jones at 1550 nm. The low dark current enables X‐ray sensitivity of up to 1885.1 µC Gy⁻¹ cm⁻2. First‐principles calculations confirm the type‐II band structure alignment of the heterojunction, and a self‐driven response behavior is realized. Moreover, this study have developed a scalable 40 × 1 sensor array, demonstrating the potential for wide‐spectrum imaging applications. This work is expected to advance the application of perovskite‐based wide‐spectrum devices. Perovskite‐based photodetectors are improved for wide‐spectrum detection X‐rays to near‐infrared using a type‐II heterojunction with tellurium. This design reduces dark current noise and enhances sensitivity, with a scalable sensor array showing promise for imaging applications.