Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
159
result(s) for
"Mishra, Aditi"
Sort by:
The Hindu Kush Himalaya assessment : mountains, climate change, sustainability and people
This open access volume is the first comprehensive assessment of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region. It comprises important scientific research on the social, economic, and environmental pillars of sustainable mountain development and will serve as a basis for evidence-based decision-making to safeguard the environment and advance people's well-being. The compiled content is based on the collective knowledge of over 300 leading researchers, experts and policymakers, brought together by the Hindu Kush Himalayan Monitoring and Assessment Programme (HIMAP) under the coordination of the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD). This assessment was conducted between 2013 and 2017 as the first of a series of monitoring and assessment reports, under the guidance of the HIMAP Steering Committee: Eklabya Sharma (ICIMOD), Atiq Raman (Bangladesh), Yuba Raj Khatiwada (Nepal), Linxiu Zhang (China), Surendra Pratap Singh (India), Tandong Yao (China) and David Molden (ICIMOD and Chair of the HIMAP SC). This First HKH Assessment Report consists of 16 chapters, which comprehensively assess the current state of knowledge of the HKH region, increase the understanding of various drivers of change and their impacts, address critical data gaps and develop a set of evidence-based and actionable policy solutions and recommendations. These are linked to nine mountain priorities for the mountains and people of the HKH consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals. This book is a must-read for policy makers, academics and students interested in this important region and an essentially important resource for contributors to global assessments such as the IPCC reports.
Book
Addressing Cancer Disparities Through Community Engagement: Lessons and Best Practices
Cancer disparities continue to be a significant public health challenge, disproportionately affecting certain communities in terms of incidence, mortality, and access to quality care. Addressing these disparities requires a multifaceted approach that involves not only healthcare professionals and researchers but also the active participation and collaboration of the affected communities themselves. Community engagement has emerged as a promising strategy to reduce cancer disparities and promote health equity. This review article synthesizes the existing literature and examines the role of community engagement in addressing cancer disparities. It explores various approaches and best practices utilized in community engagement initiatives to empower and involve diverse populations in the fight against cancer. The review discusses key lessons learned from successful programs and identifies challenges faced in implementing such initiatives. The article highlights the importance of cultural competence, trust-building, and meaningful collaboration between stakeholders, including community leaders, healthcare providers, researchers, and policymakers. It emphasizes the significance of tailoring interventions to specific community needs, acknowledging cultural differences, and fostering a two-way exchange of knowledge and resources. Moreover, this review investigates the impact of community engagement on cancer prevention, early detection, treatment adherence, and survivorship outcomes. It sheds light on the role of community-based participatory research and other innovative strategies in generating evidence and facilitating the translation of research findings into real-world interventions. In conclusion, this review underlines the potential of community engagement in addressing cancer disparities and promoting health equity. By involving communities as active partners in cancer control efforts, healthcare systems can design more effective and sustainable interventions. This approach not only contributes to reducing cancer disparities but also fosters a sense of ownership and empowerment within the communities affected, paving the way for a more equitable and inclusive healthcare landscape.
Journal Article
Recent Strategies for the Remediation of Textile Dyes from Wastewater: A Systematic Review
The presence of dye in wastewater causes substantial threats to the environment, and has negative impacts not only on human health but also on the health of other organisms that are part of the ecosystem. Because of the increase in textile manufacturing, the inhabitants of the area, along with other species, are subjected to the potentially hazardous consequences of wastewater discharge from textile and industrial manufacturing. Different types of dyes emanating from textile wastewater have adverse effects on the aquatic environment. Various methods including physical, chemical, and biological strategies are applied in order to reduce the amount of dye pollution in the environment. The development of economical, ecologically acceptable, and efficient strategies for treating dye-containing wastewater is necessary. It has been shown that microbial communities have significant potential for the remediation of hazardous dyes in an environmentally friendly manner. In order to improve the efficacy of dye remediation, numerous cutting-edge strategies, including those based on nanotechnology, microbial biosorbents, bioreactor technology, microbial fuel cells, and genetic engineering, have been utilized. This article addresses the latest developments in physical, chemical, eco-friendly biological and advanced strategies for the efficient mitigation of dye pollution in the environment, along with the related challenges.
Journal Article
Zosteriform pilar leiomyoma associated with uterine leiomyoma: A case report
Cutaneous leiomyomas are benign tumors arising from smooth muscles of the skin. Multiple lesions may be arranged in segmental, zosteriform, disseminated patterns. Multiple pilar leiomyomas may be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and may be associated with uterine fibroids and renal cell carcinoma, also known as Reed Syndrome. Cutaneous leiomyomas are rare benign tumors originating from smooth muscles of the skin. Zosteriform leiomyoma is a type of cutaneous leiomyoma. Its association with uterine leiomyoma is one of the rarest findings.
Journal Article
Safety of High-Dose Botulinum Toxin Injections for Parotid and Submandibular Gland Radioprotection
Botulinum Toxin injections into salivary glands (SG) up to a total dose of 100 units IncobotulinumtoxinA (IncoA) represent the treatment of choice for sialorrhea. However, BTX might also protect SG against sialotoxic radioligand cancer therapies. The radioligand Actinium-225-PSMA effectively targets Prostate Cancer (PCa) metastases but inevitably destroys SG due to unintended gland uptake. A preliminary case series with regular-dose IncoA failed to reduce SG PSMA-radioligand uptake. We therefore increased IncoA dosage in combination with transdermal scopolamine until a clinically relevant SG PSMA-radioligand uptake reduction was achieved. Ten consecutive men with metastasized PCa refractory to all other cancer therapies received gradually increasing IncoA dosages as part of a compassionate use PSMA-radioligand-therapy trial. The parotid gland received six and the submandibular gland three injection points under ultrasound control, up to a maximum of 30 units IncoA per injection point. A maximum total dose of 250 units IncoA was applied with up to 170 units per parotid and 80 units per submandibular gland. Treatment was well tolerated and all side-effects were non-serious. The most frequent side-effect was dry mouth of mild severity. No dysphagia, facial weakness, chewing difficulties or systemic side-effects were observed. SG injections with IncoA up to a total dose of 250 units are safe when distributed among several injection-points under ultrasound control by an experienced physician. These preliminary findings lay the basis for future trials including BTX as major component for SG protection in established as well as newly emerging radioligand cancer therapies.
Journal Article
The Influence of Radioligand Therapy on Immunogenicity Against SARS-CoV-2—A Retrospective Single-Arm Cohort Study of Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving PSMA Radioligand Therapy
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a rising threat for immunocompromised cancer patients. The reduced immune defense may be a result of the malignancy itself or a side effect of therapy. While many chemotherapies can severely diminish the effect of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, the effect of radioligand therapy has not yet been studied so far. Methods: In our database, 64 patient records of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer that were treated with PSMA-directed radioligand therapy (PRLT) were randomly selected and checked for specific information (vaccination status, past corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, the period between PRLT and vaccination, and antibody titers). A total of 30 patient records had sufficient information to examine the interference between PRLT and the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Results: In the analyzed cohort, 96.7% of the patients achieved seroconversion after receiving—on average—the third (booster) vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and two PRLT cycles with average administered activities of 16.1 ± 7.2 GBq (435.1 ± 194.6 mCi) of lutetium-177 and 13.7 ± 6.6 MBq (0.37 ± 0.18 mCi) of actinium-225 (as part of ‘TANDEM therapies’) per patient. Conclusions: In the reviewed population, neither the initial response nor the maintenance of a positive immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 virus was undesirably affected by PRLT. The seroconversion rate and the absolute immune titers (in many cases >25,000 BAU/mL) are comparable to the normal population. This result implies the clinically important conclusion that neither an initial nor a booster vaccination against COVID-19 must be postponed if a PRLT is planned (and vice versa).
Journal Article
Exploring the Role of Vitamin D in Atherosclerosis and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Events: A Comprehensive Review
This review explores the role of vitamin D in atherosclerosis and its impact on cardiovascular events. Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by plaque accumulation in arterial walls, is a major contributor to cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes. Vitamin D has emerged as a multifunctional hormone with pleiotropic effects, extending beyond its traditional role in calcium and bone metabolism. Through its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidative properties, vitamin D may influence the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The association between vitamin D deficiency and atherosclerosis has been extensively studied. Observational studies consistently report an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels, atherosclerotic risk factors, and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. Mechanistically, vitamin D exerts anti-inflammatory effects, modulates immune responses, improves endothelial function, and influences lipid metabolism, all of which play critical roles in atherosclerosis development and plaque stability. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Vitamin D influences thrombosis, platelet aggregation, arterial stiffness, blood pressure regulation, and overall vascular health, collectively contributing to cardiovascular event risk. However, the clinical implications of vitamin D for managing atherosclerosis and reducing cardiovascular event risk are still being explored. Randomized controlled trials investigating the cardiovascular benefits of vitamin D supplementation have yielded mixed results, necessitating further research to determine optimal dosages, durations, and patient populations. The review also addresses public health recommendations and future directions. Examining current guidelines, identifying research gaps, and considering public health implications are crucial for translating scientific knowledge into effective interventions. Raising awareness, implementing population-level strategies, and integrating vitamin D assessment into routine clinical practice are key to improving cardiovascular outcomes.
Journal Article
Physiological mechanisms of aluminum (Al) toxicity tolerance in nitrogen-fixing aquatic macrophyte Azolla microphylla Kaulf: phytoremediation, metabolic rearrangements, and antioxidative enzyme responses
To investigate the extent of aluminum toxicity tolerance of eco-friendly, fast-growing, fresh water, pteridophytic
Azolla–Anabaena
symbiotic association in terms of altered physiological signals;
Azolla microphylla
Kaulf was exposed to 0 (control), 100, 250, 500, and 750 μM AlCl
3
, at pH 4.5 for 6 days. The adversity of Al was increased in a dose-dependent manner and the highest was recorded at 750 μM AlCl
3
. Despite the significant loss in membrane integrity (80% electrolyte leakage) due to an enhanced generation of H
2
O
2
,
A. microphylla
reflected only 50% growth inhibition (fresh and dry weight) at 500 μM AlCl
3
(LD
50
). However, the average root length of
Azolla
was drastically reduced at high concentration due to their direct contact with aluminum-containing growth medium. Contrary to this, the whole association maintained moderate chlorophyll, carbohydrate content, photosynthetic efficiency, nitrogen-fixing ability, and nitrogen content at high Al concentration. Probably, growth protection was pertained through significant detoxification of H
2
O
2
by employing an efficient antioxidative defense system including antioxidative enzymes (SOD, APX, and CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidant carotenoids. An enhanced level of phenolics and flavonoids in the root exudates possibly maintained a non-toxic level of aluminum inside the cell (195.8 μg Al/g FW) which makes
A. microphylla
a suitable pteridophytic plant to not only remove toxic Al from the contaminated sites but also to improve nitrogen status of those regions.
Graphical abstract
ᅟ
Journal Article
Evaluation and comparison of population genetics software in Rabari Tribe of Gujarat population
Background
Today, when forensic experts talk about quantifiable hereditary traits, they do not just depend on the assessment and examination of DNA profiles but also relate them to the population structures. The use of high-throughput molecular marker technologies and advanced statistical and software tools have improved the accuracy of human genetic diversity analysis in many populations with limited time and resources. The present study aimed to investigate the genomic diversity in Gujarat’s Rabari population, using 20 autosomal genetic markers.
Numerous bio-statistical software programs are available for the interpretation of population data in forensics. These statistics deal with the measurement of uncertainty and also provides a probability of a random match. The present paper aims to provide a practical guide to the analysis of population genetics data. Three statistical software packages named Cervus, Genepop, and Fstat are compared and contrasted. The comparison is performed on the profiles obtained from fifty unrelated blood samples of healthy male individuals. DNA was extracted using the organic extraction method, 20 autosomal STR loci were amplified using PowerPlex 21 kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) and detected on 3100 Genetic Analyser (Life Technologies Corporation, Carlsbad, CA, USA).
Results
A total of 170 alleles were observed in the Rabari Tribe of Gujarat population, and allele frequencies ranged from 0.010 to 0.480. The highest allele frequency detected was 0.480 for allele 9 at locus TH01. Based on heterozygosity and the polymorphism information content, FGA may be considered as the most informative markers. Both the combined power of discrimination (CPD) and the combined power of exclusion (CPE) for the 20 analyzed loci were higher than 0.999999. The combined match probability (CPM) for all 20 loci was 2.5 × 10
−22
.
Conclusions
With respect to the results, the 20 STR loci are highly polymorphic and discriminating in the Gujarat population and could be used for forensic practice and population genetics studies. However, Fstat demonstrated better genetic software for analysis of the demographic structure of a specific or set of populations.
Journal Article
Shiitake mushroom‐induced flagellate dermatitis: The first case reported in Nepal
Key Clinical Message Shiitake mushroom‐induced flagellate dermatitis is a rare but important condition to consider in patients presenting with pruritic skin lesions following mushroom ingestion, especially in regions where such cases are uncommon. Early recognition and appropriate management with oral and topical steroids are crucial for effective symptom resolution and preventing complications. Clinicians should be aware of the characteristic rash and the temporal relationship between mushroom consumption and rash onset. Educating patients about the risks associated with consuming raw or undercooked shiitake mushrooms is essential to prevent recurrence.
Journal Article