Explore the vast range of titles available.

Ensuring accessible and quality health care for women and children is an existing challenge, which is further exacerbated during pandemics. There is a knowledge gap about the effect of pandemics on maternal, newborn, and child well-being. This systematic review was conducted to study maternal and child health (MCH) services utilization during pandemics (Zika, Ebola, and COVID-19) and the effectiveness of various interventions undertaken for ensuring utilization of MCH services. A systematic and comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, Epistemonikos, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Of 5643 citations, 60 potential studies were finally included for analysis. The included studies were appraised using JBI Critical appraisal tools. Study selection and data extraction were done independently and in duplicate. Findings are presented narratively based on the RMNCHA framework by World Health Organization (WHO). Maternal and child health services such as antenatal care (ANC) visits, institutional deliveries, immunization uptake, were greatly affected during a pandemic situation. Innovative approaches in form of health care services through virtual consultation, patient triaging, developing dedicated COVID maternity centers and maternity schools were implemented in different places for ensuring continuity of MCH care during pandemics. None of the studies reported the effectiveness of these interventions during pandemic-related health emergencies. The findings suggest that during pandemics, MCH care utilization often gets affected. Many innovative interventions were adopted to ensure MCH services. However, they lack evidence about their effectiveness. It is critically important to implement evidence-based appropriate interventions for better MCH care utilization.

Overweight and obesity among the adolescent population are emerging as worldwide epidemics. Its increasing occurrence in India is highly concerning. Amidst the burden of malnutrition, where undernutrition is a long-standing health problem, the rising concerns around childhood overweight/obesity has several repercussions for this population. The aim of this scoping review is to map the evidence of the prevalence and contributing factors of overweight and obesity among adolescents (10 to 19 years) in the Indian population. The study will be conducted according to the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review framework and the Joanna Briggs institute Reviewers' manual. The Population, Concept and Context strategy (PCC) will ensure the review questions, eligibility criteria, and search strategy. The Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) will be used for the findings of the study of Scoping Review. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), Version- 2018 will be used to assess the methodological quality of all relevant studies. Literature search will be done using electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Cochrane library by specific keywords such as \"prevalence\"; \"overweight\"; \"obesity\"; \"obese\"; \"malnutrition\"; \"BMI\"; \"adolescent\"; \"teenager\"; and \"youth\" etc. Additional studies will be considered using cross-references.

Suicide is one of the serious health problems among Indian adolescents. Adolescence helps with the transition of an individual into an adult, so it is important to understand the suicidal behavior of adolescents. Several studies have been carried out in different states in India on the suicidal behavior of adolescents, but there is no review that studied the national patterns, trends, and major risk factors. Therefore, this review aims to study the patterns, trends, and major risk factors of suicidal behavior among Indian adolescents. The study will be conducted as per the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review framework and the Joanna Briggs institute Reviewers' manual. The Population, Concept and Context strategy (PCC) will ensure the review questions, eligibility criteria and search strategy. The Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) will be used for the findings of the study of Scoping Review. The literature search will be done using electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Psycinfo, Web of Science, Google, and Cochrane library by specific keywords such as \"patterns\"; \"suicide\"; \"trends\"; \"risk factors\"; \"depression\"; \"anxiety\"; \"mental health\"; \"adolescent\"; \"teenager\"; and \"youth\";\" India\" etc. Additional studies will be considered using cross-references. This study does not involve the collection of primary data; there is no requirement of any ethical approval. The proposed scoping review is the first study on patterns, trends, and major risk factors of adolescent suicide in India as per the information available on the online platforms.This proposed scoping review will bring together all the previously available data into one place for better study.This evidence-based study will be highly helpful for healthcare professionals and policymakers. This study will be limited to English language and electronically available evidence.

Maternal and child health (MCH) has been a global priority for many decades and is an essential public health service. Ensuring seamless delivery is vital for desirable MCH outcomes. This systematic review outlined the challenges in accessing and continuing MCH services during public health emergencies—pandemics and disasters. A comprehensive search approach was built based on keywords and MeSH terms relevant to ‘MCH services’ and ‘pandemics/disasters’. The online repositories Medline, CINAHL, Psyc INFO, and Epistemonikos were searched for studies. We included twenty studies—seven were on the Ebola outbreak, two on the Zika virus, five related to COVID-19, five on disasters, and one related to conflict situations. The findings indicate the potential impact of emergencies on MCH services. Low utilization and access to services have been described as common challenges. The unavailability of personal safety equipment and fear of infection were primary factors that affected service delivery. The available evidence, though limited, indicates the significant effect of disasters and pandemics on MCH. However, more primary in-depth studies are needed to understand better the overall impact of emergencies, especially the COVID-19 pandemic, on MCH. Our synthesis offers valuable insights to policymakers on ensuring the uninterrupted provision of MCH services during an emergency.

IntroductionOverweight and obesity among the adolescent population are emerging as worldwide epidemics. Its increasing occurrence in India is highly concerning. Amidst the burden of malnutrition, where undernutrition is a long-standing health problem, the rising concerns around childhood overweight/obesity has several repercussions for this population. The aim of this scoping review is to map the evidence of the prevalence and contributing factors of overweight and obesity among adolescents (10 to 19 years) in the Indian population.MethodsThe study will be conducted according to the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review framework and the Joanna Briggs institute Reviewers' manual. The Population, Concept and Context strategy (PCC) will ensure the review questions, eligibility criteria, and search strategy. The Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) will be used for the findings of the study of Scoping Review. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), Version- 2018 will be used to assess the methodological quality of all relevant studies. Literature search will be done using electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Cochrane library by specific keywords such as \"prevalence\"; \"overweight\"; \"obesity\"; \"obese\"; \"malnutrition\"; \"BMI\"; \"adolescent\"; \"teenager\"; and \"youth\" etc. Additional studies will be considered using cross-references.

Menstrual hygiene management is an important public health component to promote reproductive health, especially in rural areas of low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Present study assessed the menstrual hygiene practices, the disposal methods and associated health effects among in rural setting of a Health Demographic Environmental Surveillance System (HDESS) in Odisha, India. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in March-May 2023 using three cohorts of participants, namely school students, college students, and community women aged between 14 and 49 years and currently experiencing cycles of menstruation. The study used a multi-stage random sampling method with a descriptive analysis comparing patterns of sanitary pad use, its disposal practice and complications linked to the use of pads. Continuous variables such as age and cost incurred on menstrual products were reported using mean and standard deviation. The chi-squared value was used to determine possible associations and affirm the statistical significance, -value (<0.05). Among 622 participants, 541 (86.9%) reported using sanitary pads. Cloth users rated their experience as \"excellent\" (48.7%), while dissatisfaction was highest among government-provided pad users (29.7%). Self-procured pad users reported the highest \"manageable\" experience (44.9%). The most common method of disposing the sanitary materials was by burying (40.2%). Approximately 68.32% of participants reported menstruation related health issues whilst 23.9% reported sanitary pad-related issues. About 16.8% of the participants reported of menstrual irregularities, school students being the most (44.8%). The use of disposable sanitary pads appear to be the most common menstrual hygiene management practice in rural areas. Awareness, shame, and costs could be barriers to accessing sanitary pads along with poor environmental impact when disposing of these using improper methods. Reform the policy by introducing awareness of overall health implications linked to menstrual hygiene and access to low-cost menstrual management products could promote reproductive health. Also, government partnerships with NGOs to implement village-level menstrual waste management systems, subsidies for eco-friendly pad production, and mandatory disposal education in school health programs could mitigate the problem.

Background Stigma is a recurring challenge in epidemics, undermining disclosure, testing, and reintegration. During COVID-19 in India, little is known about how community perceptions translated into recovered participant´s experiences of stigma. Methods A multicentric qualitative study was conducted (September 2020–January 2021) across 18 districts in 7 Indian states. In depth telephone interviews were undertaken with 223 participants (136 community members, 87 recovered individuals). Data were analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s framework, with NVivo-assisted coding, reflexive journaling, and saturation checks to ensure rigour. Results Six major-themes were identified: fear and moralisation, institutional labelling, structural inequalities, economic and psychological harms, stigma within health-care interactions, and coping. Community fears of contagion and visible labelling (stickers, barricades, police visits) legitimised gossip and blame, which recovered participant´s described as persistent rejection, job loss, shop boycotts, and psychological distress. Stigma disproportionately affected informal workers, poorer households, and Muslim minorities, which was further fuelled by media portrayals. Coping relied on family support, while community members highlighted the role of health workers and positive media narratives in stigma reduction. Discussion Stigma during COVID-19 in India was socially produced and sustained by fear, institutional measures, and social hierarchies. These dynamics directly translated into recovered participant´s lived experiences, undermining both equity and epidemic control. Addressing stigma is therefore central to pandemic preparedness. Risk communication should avoid fear-based messaging, institutional protocols must protect confidentiality, and psychosocial support and equity monitoring should be embedded into preparedness frameworks. Highlights What is already known on this topic Stigma is a recurring challenge in epidemics, documented in HIV, TB, and Ebola. Early reports from COVID-19 highlighted stigma against health-care workers, but less is known about community and recovered participant´s experiences. What this study adds First multicentric Indian study to capture both community perceptions and recovered participant´s experiences of COVID-19 stigma. Demonstrates how fear and institutional labelling directly translated into exclusion beyond recovery, economic loss, and psychological distress. How this study might affect research, practice or policy Shows stigma is a structural determinant of epidemic response. Provides evidence for embedding stigma-sensitive communication, equity monitoring, and psychosocial support into preparedness frameworks.

COVID-19 has inundated the entire world disrupting the lives of millions of people. The pandemic has stressed the healthcare system of India impacting the psychological status and functioning of health care workers. The aim of this study is to determine the burnout levels and factors associated with the risk of psychological distress among healthcare workers (HCW) engaged in the management of COVID 19 in India. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 September 2020 to 30 November 2020 by telephonic interviews using a web-based Google form. Health facilities and community centres from 12 cities located in 10 states were selected for data collection. Data on socio-demographic and occupation-related variables like age, sex, type of family, income, type of occupation, hours of work and income were obtained was obtained from 967 participants, including doctors, nurses, ambulance drivers, emergency response teams, lab personnel, and others directly involved in COVID 19 patient care. Levels of psychological distress was assessed by the General health Questionnaire -GHQ-5 and levels of burnout was assessed using the ICMR-NIOH Burnout questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the risk of psychological distress. The third quartile values of the three subscales of burnout viz EE, DP and PA were used to identify burnout profiles of the healthcare workers. Overall, 52.9% of the participants had the risk of psychological distress that needed further evaluation. Risk of psychological distress was significantly associated with longer hours of work (≥ 8 hours a day) (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI(1.66-3.41), income≥20000(AOR = 1.74, 95% CI, (1.16-2.6); screening of COVID-19 patients (AOR = 1.63 95% CI (1.09-2.46), contact tracing (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI (1.1-3.81), High Emotional exhaustion score (EE ≥16) (AOR = 4.41 95% CI (3.14-6.28) and High Depersonalisation score (DP≥7) (AOR = 1.79, 95% CI (1.28-2.51)). About 4.7% of the HCWs were overextended (EE>18); 6.5% were disengaged (DP>8) and 9.7% HCWs were showing signs of burnout (high on all three dimensions). The study has identified key factors that could have been likely triggers for psychological distress among healthcare workers who were engaged in management of COVID cases in India. The study also demonstrates the use of GHQ-5 and ICMR-NIOH Burnout questionnaire as important tools to identify persons at risk of psychological distress and occurrence of burnout symptoms respectively. The findings provide useful guide to planning interventions to mitigate mental health problems among HCW in future epidemic/pandemic scenarios in the country.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264956.].

Introduction Ensuring accessible and quality health care for women and children is an existing challenge, which is further exacerbated during pandemics. There is a knowledge gap about the effect of pandemics on maternal, newborn, and child well-being. This systematic review was conducted to study maternal and child health (MCH) services utilization during pandemics (Zika, Ebola, and COVID-19) and the effectiveness of various interventions undertaken for ensuring utilization of MCH services. Methodology A systematic and comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, Epistemonikos, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Of 5643 citations, 60 potential studies were finally included for analysis. The included studies were appraised using JBI Critical appraisal tools. Study selection and data extraction were done independently and in duplicate. Findings are presented narratively based on the RMNCHA framework by World Health Organization (WHO). Results Maternal and child health services such as antenatal care (ANC) visits, institutional deliveries, immunization uptake, were greatly affected during a pandemic situation. Innovative approaches in form of health care services through virtual consultation, patient triaging, developing dedicated COVID maternity centers and maternity schools were implemented in different places for ensuring continuity of MCH care during pandemics. None of the studies reported the effectiveness of these interventions during pandemic-related health emergencies. Conclusion The findings suggest that during pandemics, MCH care utilization often gets affected. Many innovative interventions were adopted to ensure MCH services. However, they lack evidence about their effectiveness. It is critically important to implement evidence-based appropriate interventions for better MCH care utilization.