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DuckNet : an open‐source deep learning tool for waterfowl species identification in UAV imagery
Understanding how waterfowl respond to habitat restoration and management activities is crucial for evaluating and refining conservation delivery programs. However, site‐specific waterfowl monitoring is challenging, especially in heavily forested systems such as the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV)—a primary wintering region for waterfowl in North America. We hypothesized that using uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) coupled with deep learning‐based methods for object detection would provide an efficient and effective means for surveying non‐breeding waterfowl on difficult‐to‐access restored wetland sites. Accordingly, during the winters of 2021 and 2022, we surveyed wetland restoration easements in the MAV using a UAV equipped with a dual thermal‐RGB high‐resolution sensor to collect 2360 digital images of non‐breeding waterfowl. We then developed, optimized, and trained a RetinaNet object detection model with a ResNet‐50 backbone to locate and identify seven species of waterfowl drakes, waterfowl hens, and one species of waterbird in the UAV imagery. The final model achieved an average precision and average recall of 88.1% (class ranges from 68.8 to 99.6%) and 89.0% (class ranges from 70.0 to 100%), respectively, at an intersection‐over‐union of 0.5. This study successfully surveys non‐breeding waterfowl in structurally complex and difficult‐to‐access habitats using UAV and, furthermore, provides a functional, open‐source, deep learning‐based object detection framework (DuckNet) for automated detection of waterfowl in UAV imagery. DuckNet provides a user‐friendly interface for running inference on custom images using the model developed here and, additionally, allows users to fine‐tune the model on custom datasets to expand the number of species classes the model can detect. This framework provides managers with an efficient and cost‐effective means to count waterfowl on project sites, thereby improving their capacity to evaluate waterfowl response to wetland restoration efforts.
Journal Article
Till day you do part, or, A question of light
Described as an answer to or at least an echo of Samuel Beckett's Krapp's Last tape, this book is a monologue delivered by the \"she\" in Beckett's play. The monologue is prefaced with a description of two stone figures. While the male figure remains \"as dead and gone as anyone can,\" the female bursts into life, and her monologue gradually focuses on Krapp's use of pauses and language to dominate the other characters in the Beckett play. Ultimately, however, her complaints and critique of Krapp become a declaration of her love for Krapp or at least an affirmation of their attachment, as the two of them are ultimately bound together, perhaps even inseparable.
Book
The effect of regional citrate anti-coagulation on the coagulation system in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy for acute kidney injury - an observational cohort study
Background
Regional anticoagulation with citrate is the recommended first line treatment for patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). There is wide variability in filter patency which may be due to differences in patient characteristics and local practice. It is also possible that citrate has effects on primary and secondary haemostasis, fibrinolysis and platelet function that are still unknown. The primary aim of the study is to describe the effect of citrate on coagulation and fibrinolysis pathways in both the patient and the haemodialysis circuit.
Methods
The study will recruit 12 adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit, requiring CRRT with regional citrate anticoagulation for acute kidney injury. Patients with pre-existing thrombotic or bleeding tendencies will be excluded. Thrombin generation, clot lysis and platelet function will be measured at baseline and at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h after commencing CRRT (from the patient and from the circuit). We will describe the evolution of parameters over time as well as the differences in parameters between the patient and the circuit.
Discussion
The study will provide new data on the effects of citrate during continuous renal replacement therapy which is not currently available. We will minimise confounding factors through the use of tight exclusion criteria and accept that this will slow down recruitment. Depending on the results, we hope to incorporate the findings into existing clinical guidelines and clinical practice with the aim to prevent premature filter clotting and interruptions in treatment.
Trial registration
The study was registered with
clinicaltrials.gov
on 10th June 2015 (
NCT02486614
).
Journal Article
Light curves and colours of the ejecta from Dimorphos after the DART impact
On 26 September 2022, the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft struck Dimorphos, a satellite of the asteroid 65803 Didymos
1
. Because it is a binary system, it is possible to determine how much the orbit of the satellite changed, as part of a test of what is necessary to deflect an asteroid that might threaten Earth with an impact. In nominal cases, pre-impact predictions of the orbital period reduction ranged from roughly 8.8 to 17 min (refs.
2
,
3
). Here we report optical observations of Dimorphos before, during and after the impact, from a network of citizen scientists’ telescopes across the world. We find a maximum brightening of 2.29 ± 0.14 mag on impact. Didymos fades back to its pre-impact brightness over the course of 23.7 ± 0.7 days. We estimate lower limits on the mass contained in the ejecta, which was 0.3–0.5% Dimorphos’s mass depending on the dust size. We also observe a reddening of the ejecta on impact.
Optical observations of Dimorphos, a satellite of the asteroid 65803 Didymos, before, during and after the impact of the DART spacecraft, from a network of citizen science telescopes across the world are reported.
Journal Article
An (Auto) Ethnodrama of the Heart: Read-Aloud, Reflection and Performance in the Secondary English Classroom
This autoethnographic dissertation investigates how the experience of read-aloud and performance in the secondary English classroom can influence teacher instructional practices and student engagement. The subject of this study is a veteran English and theatre teacher who transformed his classroom instructional practices with performance. This study employs the methodology of autoethnography, the writing of one’s experiences (Ellis 2004) along with ethnodrama, “a live performance of research subject experiences for a live audience” (Rolling, 2013, p. 74). To achieve these ends, the following research questions were addressed: How did I come to rely on read-aloud and the performance of literature as an instructional tool? What benefits do my students get from the practice of read-aloud and the performance of literature? What are the experiences of my students in a setting that relies on read-aloud and the performance of literature? How can the performance of literature and the practice of read-aloud unearth the desire to read for enjoyment in students? How have the past twenty-five years of teaching shaped my identity as a teacher of English, Speech, and Theatre? Qualitative analysis of personal artifacts, critical reflection, and student exit slips that span a career allowed me to develop ethnodramas that reveal the transformative power of performance in the classroom. Implications of this study highlight the need for educators of any content area to consider the role of performance in classroom instruction.
Dissertation
Career aspirations of students in educational leadership programs
There is an abundance of literature regarding the pending shortage of qualified candidates for the principalship. This shortage is predicted to be nationwide and to pertain to all educational levels, with the high school principal position’s being the most difficult to fill. The literature cites multiple reasons for the shortage, including compensation, hours, job complexity, standardized testing requirements, lack of community support, and lack of respect for the position. There is, however, no shortage of teachers who currently hold administrative certifications. These individuals have completed the coursework for approved educational leadership programs yet have chosen not to pursue careers in educational leadership. There is also a significant body of information regarding why these teachers have chosen to stay in instructional positions. This study focused on the career goals and outcomes of the current class of prospective administrative leadership candidates. The study focused on their career plans and aspirations. Specifically, the study sought to determine how many individuals were interested in the principalship as a viable career option. This study also examined specific job attributes and how they were rated by the current class of prospective principals. Additionally, this study attempted to determine what other types of career choices the individuals in the educational leadership programs were pursuing: central office or support positions, specialist positions, or continuation of their careers in the classroom. Finally, the study sought to identify specific current duties that the individuals fulfilled within their schools, which identified them as nonadministrative leaders within the building. This study used descriptive statistics to develop a detailed picture of the goals and aspirations of the future educational leaders. A correlation analysis was conducted. Results indicate that the correlation between the dependent variable, the Job desirability Index and the variable scales: Work, School Context, Subjective and Objective factors was weak for all the variable scales. The Principal Job Survey (Merrill, 1999) was the evaluative tool used to collect the data and establish the job desirability of the principalship. Based upon the results it would be the recommendation of this researcher that this survey tool not be used again with students in educational leadership programs. The study built upon the work Job Desirability of the Principalship: A Study of Perceptions and Intentions of Qualified Applicants (Barksdale, 2003) and Job Desirability of the High School Principalship: A Job Choice Theory Perspective (Pounder & Merrill, 2001).
Dissertation