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"Mitchell, Pablo"
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Western History Forum
Western historians continue to adopt social history techniques such as analyzing census documents, union archives, voting records, and patterns of mobility and urban growth. Interdisciplinary approaches have also emerged, most notably those drawing upon contemporary cultural theory to explore the region's past. Nevertheless, the persistent reluctance of many American historians to engage western history's broader themes in their work continues to cloud the future of social and cultural history. Here, Mitchell looks at recent works of several historians that point to the enduring strength of social and cultural history methodologies in the West.
Journal Article
Coyote nation
With the arrival of the transcontinental railroad in the 1880s came the emergence of a modern and profoundly multicultural New Mexico. Native Americans, working-class Mexicans, elite Hispanos, and black and white newcomers all commingled and interacted in the territory in ways that had not been previously possible. But what did it mean to be white in this multiethnic milieu? And how did ideas of sexuality and racial supremacy shape ideas of citizenry and determine who would govern the region? Coyote Nation considers these questions as it explores how New Mexicans evaluated and categorized racial identities through bodily practices. Where ethnic groups were numerous and—in the wake of miscegenation—often difficult to discern, the ways one dressed, bathed, spoke, gestured, or even stood were largely instrumental in conveying one's race. Even such practices as cutting one's hair, shopping, drinking alcohol, or embalming a deceased loved one could inextricably link a person to a very specific racial identity. A fascinating history of an extraordinarily plural and polyglot region, Coyote Nation will be of value to historians of race and ethnicity in American culture.
eBook
Borderlands / La Familia
Two decades ago Gloria Anzaldúa published Borderlands / La Frontera: The New Mestiza. A foundational text in borderlands studies, Anzaldúa’s masterful work combines prose and poetry in its exploration of intersecting forms of oppression along the U.S.-Mexico border. In her poem “To live in the Borderlands means you . . . ,” Anzaldúa identifies multiple dimensions of violence and dispossession in the Southwest. On one level are “border disputes,” conflicts between nation-states, and the work of agents of the state such as immigration officials, who produce a region where living on the borderlands is, in Anzaldúa’s words, “to be stopped
Book Chapter
Bodies on borders: Sexuality, race, and conquest in modernizing New Mexico, 1880–1920
“Bodies on Borders” examines the encounter in turn of the twentieth century New Mexico between Anglo American newcomers, whose symbols and social institutions divided the populace according to binary racial and sexual distinctions, and native New Mexicans, for whom an alternate, at times more fluid, set of social distinctions determined appropriate public conduct, legitimate political participation, and the composition of the body politic. Using a range of research methods and primary sources like medical journals, newspapers, criminal and marriage records, and US Indian School documents, I argue that contests over certain body practices (length of hair, dress and bodily display, position of sexual intercourse, burial traditions, patterns of consumption and elimination) offer an especially clear view of the efforts to establish and maintain social order in a rapidly modernizing New Mexico. “Bodies on Borders” concludes that the description and classification of particular bodies and body practices proved fundamental to the creation of social order and the constitution of the body politic in New Mexico between 1880 and 1920. The project also explores how those constituted as “others” by Anglo discourse appropriated the terms of their exclusion and in the process helped craft a competing vision of modernity. New Mexico at the turn of the twentieth century, I suggest, stood poised at the literal and figurative borderlands between the United States, Latin America, and modernity.
Dissertation
Making “The International City” Home
Lorain, Ohio, along Lake Erie thirty miles west of Cleveland, is at present the home of 14,000 Latinos, about twenty percent of the population in a city of 68,000. Puerto Ricans are the largest majority, with over 10,000 citizens, while almost 2,500 residents are identified as Mexicans. African Americans currently represent an additional fifteen percent of the city population. Latinos first settled in “The International City” (as Lorain city boosters dubbed it) in significant numbers in the 1920s when ethnic Mexicans migrated from Texas and other borderlands regions. Drawn by jobs in the steel industry, 1,300 men, according to one
Book Chapter