Explore the vast range of titles available.

CUORE is a cryogenic experiment searching primarily for neutrinoless double decay in 130Te. It will begin data-taking operations in 2016. To monitor the cryostat and detector during commissioning and data taking, we have designed and developed Slow Monitoring systems. In addition to real-time systems using LabVIEW, we have an alarm, analysis, and archiving website that uses MongoDB, AngularJS, and Bootstrap software. These modern, state of the art software packages make the monitoring system transparent, easily maintainable, and accessible on many platforms including mobile devices.

The possibility that neutrinos may be their own antiparticles, unique among the known fundamental particles, arises from the symmetric theory of fermions proposed by Ettore Majorana in 1937 1 . Given the profound consequences of such Majorana neutrinos, among which is a potential explanation for the matter–antimatter asymmetry of the universe via leptogenesis 2 , the Majorana nature of neutrinos commands intense experimental scrutiny globally; one of the primary experimental probes is neutrinoless double beta (0 νββ ) decay. Here we show results from the search for 0 νββ decay of 130 Te, using the latest advanced cryogenic calorimeters with the CUORE experiment 3 . CUORE, operating just 10 millikelvin above absolute zero, has pushed the state of the art on three frontiers: the sheer mass held at such ultralow temperatures, operational longevity, and the low levels of ionizing radiation emanating from the cryogenic infrastructure. We find no evidence for 0 νββ decay and set a lower bound of the process half-life as 2.2 × 10 25  years at a 90 per cent credibility interval. We discuss potential applications of the advances made with CUORE to other fields such as direct dark matter, neutrino and nuclear physics searches and large-scale quantum computing, which can benefit from sustained operation of large payloads in a low-radioactivity, ultralow-temperature cryogenic environment. The CUORE experiment finds no evidence for neutrinoless double beta decay after operating a large cryogenic TeO 2 calorimeter stably for several years in an extreme low-radiation environment at a temperature of 10 millikelvin.

The ICARUS collaboration employed the 760-ton T600 detector in a successful 3-year physics run at the underground LNGS laboratory, performing a sensitive search for LSND-like anomalous ν e appearance in the CERN Neutrino to Gran Sasso beam, which contributed to the constraints on the allowed neutrino oscillation parameters to a narrow region around 1 eV 2 . After a significant overhaul at CERN, the T600 detector has been installed at Fermilab. In 2020 the cryogenic commissioning began with detector cool down, liquid argon filling and recirculation. ICARUS then started its operations collecting the first neutrino events from the booster neutrino beam (BNB) and the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam off-axis, which were used to test the ICARUS event selection, reconstruction and analysis algorithms. ICARUS successfully completed its commissioning phase in June 2022. The first goal of the ICARUS data taking will be a study to either confirm or refute the claim by Neutrino-4 short-baseline reactor experiment. ICARUS will also perform measurement of neutrino cross sections with the NuMI beam and several Beyond Standard Model searches. After the first year of operations, ICARUS will search for evidence of sterile neutrinos jointly with the Short-Baseline Near Detector, within the Short-Baseline Neutrino program. In this paper, the main activities carried out during the overhauling and installation phases are highlighted. Preliminary technical results from the ICARUS commissioning data with the BNB and NuMI beams are presented both in terms of performance of all ICARUS subsystems and of capability to select and reconstruct neutrino events.

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is designed to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of 130 Te with an array of 988 TeO 2  bolometers operating at temperatures around 10 mK. The experiment is currently being commissioned in Hall A of Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The goal of CUORE is to reach a 90% C.L. exclusion sensitivity on the 130 Te decay half-life of 9 × 10 25 years after 5 years of data taking. The main issue to be addressed to accomplish this aim is the rate of background events in the region of interest, which must not be higher than 10 - 2  counts/keV/kg/year. We developed a detailed Monte Carlo simulation, based on results from a campaign of material screening, radioassays, and bolometric measurements, to evaluate the expected background. This was used over the years to guide the construction strategies of the experiment and we use it here to project a background model for CUORE. In this paper we report the results of our study and our expectations for the background rate in the energy region where the peak signature of neutrinoless double beta decay of 130 Te is expected.

We report on the measurement of the two-neutrino double-beta decay half-life of [Formula omitted]Te with the CUORE-0 detector. From an exposure of 33.4 kg year of TeO [Formula omitted], the half-life is determined to be [Formula omitted] = [8.2 ± 0.2 (stat.) ± 0.6 (syst.)] [Formula omitted] 10 [Formula omitted] year. This result is obtained after a detailed reconstruction of the sources responsible for the CUORE-0 counting rate, with a specific study of those contributing to the [Formula omitted]Te neutrinoless double-beta decay region of interest.

The production of the η c ( 1 S ) state in proton-proton collisions is probed via its decay to the p p ¯ final state with the LHCb detector, in the rapidity range 2.0 < y < 4.5 and in the meson transverse-momentum range p T > 6.5 GeV / c . The cross-section for prompt production of η c ( 1 S ) mesons relative to the prompt J / ψ cross-section is measured, for the first time, to be σ η c ( 1 S ) / σ J / ψ = 1.74 ± 0.29 ± 0.28 ± 0 . 18 B at a centre-of-mass energy s = 7 TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.7 fb - 1 , and σ η c ( 1 S ) / σ J / ψ = 1.60 ± 0.29 ± 0.25 ± 0 . 17 B at s = 8 TeV using 2.0 fb - 1 . The uncertainties quoted are, in order, statistical, systematic, and that on the ratio of branching fractions of the η c ( 1 S ) and J / ψ decays to the p p ¯ final state. In addition, the inclusive branching fraction of b -hadron decays into η c ( 1 S ) mesons is measured, for the first time, to be B ( b → η c X ) = ( 4.88 ± 0.64 ± 0.29 ± 0 . 67 B ) × 10 - 3 , where the third uncertainty includes also the uncertainty on the J / ψ inclusive branching fraction from b -hadron decays. The difference between the J / ψ and η c ( 1 S ) meson masses is determined to be 114.7 ± 1.5 ± 0.1 MeV / c 2 .

We report on the measurement of the two-neutrino double-beta decay half-life of 130 Te with the CUORE-0 detector. From an exposure of 33.4 kg year of TeO 2 , the half-life is determined to be T 1 / 2 2 ν = [8.2 ± 0.2 (stat.) ± 0.6 (syst.)] × 10 20  year. This result is obtained after a detailed reconstruction of the sources responsible for the CUORE-0 counting rate, with a specific study of those contributing to the 130 Te neutrinoless double-beta decay region of interest.

Neutrinoless double beta decay ( 0 ν β β ) is one of the most sensitive probes for physics beyond the Standard Model, providing unique information on the nature of neutrinos. In this paper we review the status and outlook for bolometric 0 ν β β  decay searches. We summarize recent advances in background suppression demonstrated using bolometers with simultaneous readout of heat and light signals. We simulate several configurations of a future CUORE-like bolometer array which would utilize these improvements and present the sensitivity reach of a hypothetical next-generation bolometric 0 ν β β  experiment. We demonstrate that a bolometric experiment with the isotope mass of about 1 ton is capable of reaching the sensitivity to the effective Majorana neutrino mass ( | m e e | ) of order 10–20 meV, thus completely exploring the so-called inverted neutrino mass hierarchy region. We highlight the main challenges and identify priorities for an R&D program addressing them.

The capture of scintillation light emitted by liquid Argon and Xenon under molecular excitations by charged particles is still a challenging task. Here we present a first attempt to design a device able to have a sufficiently high photon detection efficiency, in order to reconstruct the path of ionizing particles. The study is based on the use of masks to encode the light signal combined with single-photon detectors, showing the capability to detect tracks over focal distances of about tens of centimeters. From numerical simulations it emerges that it is possible to successfully decode and recognize signals, even of rather complex topology, with a relatively limited number of acquisition channels. Thus, the main aim is to elucidate a proof of principle of a technology developed in very different contexts, but which has potential applications in liquid argon detectors that require a fast reading. The findings support us to think that such innovative technique could be very fruitful in a new generation of detectors devoted to neutrino physics.

The CUORE experiment is a large bolometric array searching for the lepton number violating neutrino-less double beta decay (0νββ) in the isotope 130Te. In this work we present the latest results on two searches for the double beta decay (DBD) of 130Te to the first 02+ excited state of 130Xe: the 0νββ decay and the Standard Model-allowed two-neutrinos double beta decay (2νββ). Both searches are based on a 372.5 kg×yr TeO2 exposure. The de-excitation gamma rays emitted by the excited Xe nucleus in the final state yield a unique signature, which can be searched for with low background by studying coincident events in two or more bolometers. The closely packed arrangement of the CUORE crystals constitutes a significant advantage in this regard. The median limit setting sensitivities at 90% Credible Interval (C.I.) of the given searches were estimated as S1/20ν=5.6×1024yr for the 0νββ decay and S1/22ν=2.1×1024yr for the 2νββ decay. No significant evidence for either of the decay modes was observed and a Bayesian lower bound at 90% C.I. on the decay half lives is obtained as: (T1/2)02+0ν>5.9×1024yr for the 0νββ mode and (T1/2)02+2ν>1.3×1024yr for the 2νββ mode. These represent the most stringent limits on the DBD of 130Te to excited states and improve by a factor ∼5 the previous results on this process.