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"Mohamad, A."
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Platelet-rich plasma for rotator cuff tendinopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Shoulder rotator cuff tendinopathy is a common debilitating condition that affects a person daily function and the quality of life. Despite its frequent occurrence, the best treatment is still inconclusive. This review assessed the clinical effect of platelet-rich plasma injection for rotator cuff tendinopathy. A systematic literature search was conducted using CINAHL, Medline, SCOPUS, SPORTSDiscus and Web of Science databases to retrieve articles published in peer-reviewed journals until December 2020. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), which compared clinical effects of PRP injection to the usual care among adults diagnosed with rotator cuff conditions were reviewed. The main outcomes of interest were changes in shoulder pain symptoms and shoulder functions. All variables were analysed using random effects meta-analyses. Eight RCTs were reviewed in this study. The risk of bias for randomization was low for 6 RCTs, one study had unclear risk and the other was a high risk. Studies vary on the PRP techniques including preparation and injections. Moreover, the control intervention also differs. Four studies compared PRP with normal saline injection while in the remaining 4 RCTs the control intervention were rehabilitation program and dry needling. Meta-analysis of selected studies showed that PRP injection was safe and effective intervention for long-term pain control and shoulder function in patients with RC disorders.
Journal Article
طبيب في رئاسة الوزراء : مذكرات الدكتور مهاتير محمد
هذا الكتاب لا يروي قصة الدكتور مهاتير محمد الشخصية ، بل يروي قصة ماليزيا البلد التي خرج مرهقا من استعمار بريطاني كان حريصا علي بقاءه ناميا ومتخلفا يعيش علي بيع المطاط والقصدير للمستعمر، لكنه استطاع عبر نضال سياسي واقتصادي طويل، وبوجود شخصية قيادية فذة، أن يتحول من بلد زراعي مهمش إلي إحدي الدول الاقتصادية والصناعية المرموقة وأن يرفع متوسط دخل الفرد من 350 دولار إلي 8000 دولار، وأن يجعل من الملايويين الذين كان لهم 2 في المئة فقط من حجم الاقتصاد المحلي شركاء حقيقيين في اقتصاد بلدهم.
BOOK
The prevalence and factors associated with sarcopenia among community living elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care clinics in Malaysia
Sarcopenia is a recognised geriatric syndrome but few studies address its associated factors among elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in South East Asia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associated factors among the elderly with T2DM in public primary care clinics in Malaysia. This study utilised data from a longitudinal study of 506 adults with T2DM aged ≥60 years. Data on socio-demography, clinical and functional status, diet and levels of physical activity (PA) were collected. Sarcopenia was defined using Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria and its associated factors were analysed using multiple logistic regression. The proportion of elderly with T2DM with sarcopenia was 28.5%. Those aged ≥70 years (β = 0.73;OR = 2.07; 95%CI = 1.24, 3.48; p = 0.006), men (β = 0.61; OR = 1.84; 95%CI = 1.12, 3.02; p = 0.017), with ≥10 years duration of diabetes (β = 0.62; OR = 1.85; 95%CI = 1.11, 3.09; p = 0.018), not using insulin sensitizers (β = -1.44; OR = 0.24; 95%CI = 0.08, 0.71; p = 0.010), using less than 5 medications (β = 0.68; OR = 1.98; 95%CI = 1.17, 3.36; p = 0.011), low body mass index (BMI) (β = -2.43; OR = 0.09; 95%CI = 0.05, 0.17; p<0.001), and engaging in low (β = 0.77; OR = 2.15; 95%CI = 1.07, 4.35; p = 0.032) and moderate physical activities (β = 0.80; OR = 2.23; 95%CI = 1.07, 4.66; p = 0.033) were associated with sarcopenia. Factors that predicts sarcopenia such as level of physical activity and body mass index were among the modifiable factors that could be used in developing future strategies to prevent or delay the progression of sarcopenia among elderly with T2DM to improve their health status.
Journal Article
طبيب في رئاسة الوزراء : مذكرات الدكتور مهاتير محمد
هذا الكتاب لا يروي قصة الدكتور مهاتير محمد الشخصية بل يروي قصة ماليزيا البلد الذي خرج مرهقا من استعمار بريطاني كان حريصا على بقائه ناميا ومتخلفا يعيش على بيع المطاط والقصدير للمستعمر لكنه استطاع عبر نضال سياسي وإقتصادي طويل وبوجود شخصية قيادية فذة أن يتحول من بلد زراعي مهمش إلى إحدى الدول الإقتصادية والصناعية المرموقة وأن يرفع متوسط دخل الفرد من 350 دولار إلى 8000 دولار وأن يجعل من الملايويين الذين كان لهم 2 في المئة فقط من حجم الإقتصاد المحلي شركاء حقيقيين في إقتصاد بلادهم.
BOOK
Drug-Resistant E. coli Bacteremia Transmitted by Fecal Microbiota Transplant
Fecal microbiota transplantation is an emerging therapy for a variety of conditions. In this report, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase–producing
E. coli
bacteremia was shown to have been transmitted from donor stool to several patients in clinical trials, causing sepsis in two; one patient died.
Journal Article
Interventions for obesity among schoolchildren: A systematic review and meta-analyses
Childhood overweight and obesity has emerged as a major public health threat worldwide with challenges in its management. This review assessed the effectiveness of interventions for childhood overweight and obesity.
A systematic literature search was conducted using CINAHL, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SPORTDiscus databases to retrieve articles published from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2017. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies comparing different strategies in managing overweight and obesity among schoolchildren (6 to 12 years of age) were included. The main outcomes of interest were reductions in weight related variables included anthropometry and body composition measurements. All variables were analysed using random effects meta-analyses.
Fourteen studies were reviewed, 13 were RCTs and one was a quasi-experimental study. The risk of bias for randomisation was low risk for all of RCTs except for one, which was unclear. The risk of bias for randomisation was high for the quasi-experimental study. Most interventions incorporated lifestyle changes and behavioural strategies such as coping and problem solving skills with family involvement. The meta-analyses did not show significant effects of the intervention in reducing weight related outcomes when compared with controls.
Meta-analyses of the selected studies did not show significant effects of the interventions on weight related outcomes among overweight and obese schoolchildren when compared with controls. The role of interdisciplinary team approaches with family involvement using behaviour and lifestyle strategies to curb obesity among schoolchildren is important.
Journal Article
Conducting Polymers for Optoelectronic Devices and Organic Solar Cells: A Review
In this review paper, we present a comprehensive summary of the different organic solar cell (OSC) families. Pure and doped conjugated polymers are described. The band structure, electronic properties, and charge separation process in conjugated polymers are briefly described. Various techniques for the preparation of conjugated polymers are presented in detail. The applications of conductive polymers for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field effect transistors (OFETs), and organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are explained thoroughly. The architecture of organic polymer solar cells including single layer, bilayer planar heterojunction, and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) are described. Moreover, designing conjugated polymers for photovoltaic applications and optimizations of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)–lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels are discussed. Principles of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells are addressed. Finally, strategies for band gap tuning and characteristics of solar cell are presented. In this article, several processing parameters such as the choice of solvent(s) for spin casting film, thermal and solvent annealing, solvent additive, and blend composition that affect the nano-morphology of the photoactive layer are reviewed.
Journal Article
Lyapunov-Based Analysis of Partial Practical Stability in Tempered Fractional Calculus
This study presents a comprehensive Lyapunov-based framework for analyzing partial practical stability in nonlinear tempered fractional-order systems (TFOS). We develop novel stability concepts including β*-practical uniform generalized Mittag–Leffler stability (β*-PUGMLS) and β*-practical uniform exponential stability (β*-PUES) with respect to system substates. Through carefully constructed Lyapunov functions, we establish sufficient conditions under which the system’s states converge to a predefined neighborhood of the origin. The theoretical framework provides Mittag–Leffler and exponential stability criteria for tempered fractional-order systems, extending classical stability theory to this important class of systems. Furthermore, we apply these stability results to design stabilizing feedback controllers for a specific class of triangular TFOS, demonstrating the practical utility of our theoretical developments. The efficacy of the proposed stability criteria and control strategy is validated through several illustrative examples, showing that system states converge appropriately under the derived conditions. This work contributes significantly to the stability theory of fractional-order systems and provides practical tools for controlling complex nonlinear systems in the tempered fractional calculus framework.
Journal Article
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) for Acute Muscle Injury: A Systematic Review
Acute muscle injury is one of the commonest injuries that often result in loss of training and competition time. The best management for muscle injury has not been identified. Sports medicine practitioners used several approaches in attempt to accelerate time to recovery from muscle injury. More recently growing interest focussed on autologous blood product injection.
A literature search was conducted systematically using OvidMEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus and CINAHL databases to retrieve articles published until December 2012. Controlled trials and controlled laboratory studies comparing different strategies to promote early recovery of muscle injury were included. The methodological quality of studies was assessed.
There are limited studies on the effects of PRP therapy for muscle injury. Three in vivo laboratory studies and one pilot human study were reviewed. The laboratory studies reported histological evidence on significant acceleration of muscle healing in animals treated with autologous conditioned serum (ACS), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet rich fibrin matrix (PRFM). A pilot human study found athletes treated with repeated ACS injection recovers significantly faster than retrospective controls.
Several in vivo laboratory studies suggest beneficial effects of ACS, PRP and PRFM in accelerating muscle recovery. Evidence to suggest similar effects on humans is however limited, as valuable information from robust human controlled trials is still not available at this moment. Hence, more studies of satisfactory methodological quality with platelet-rich plasma interventions on muscle injury are justified.
Journal Article