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The current study was conducted to examine the attempt to integrate EFL listening and writing skills of secondary stage. The study adopted descriptive design in terms of involving an inductive exploration of the data to identify a list of integrated EFL listening and writing skills of secondary stage. To achieve the aim of the study, the researchers designed an integrated EFL listening and writing skills checklist. It was administered to specialized jury members of English Language Teaching (ELT) to determine the degree of importance of each skill on the checklist. Findings of the study showed that the integrated EFL listening and writing skills list would be adequate and appropriate to the secondary stage. In the light of the findings, the researchers recommend the use of the integrated EFL listening and writing skills list for the secondary stage.

The necessity to resolve the issue of rapid charge carrier recombination for boosting photocatalytic performance is a vigorous and challenging research field. To address this, the construction of a binary system of step-scheme (S-scheme) CuO@TiO 2 heterostructure composite has been demonstrated through a facile solid-state route. The remarkably enhanced photocatalytic performance of CuO@TiO 2 , compared with single TiO 2 , which can consequence in the more efficient separation of photoinduced charge carriers, reduced the band gap of TiO 2 , improved the electrical transport performance, and improved the lifetimes, thus donating it with the much more powerful oxidation and reduction capability. A photocatalytic mechanism was proposed to explain the boosted photocatalytic performance of CuO@TiO 2 on a complete analysis of physicochemical, DFT calculations, and electrochemical properties. In addition, this work focused on the investigation of the stability and recyclability of CuO@TiO 2 in terms of efficiency and its physical origin using XRD, BET, and XPS. It is found that the removal efficiency diminishes 4.5% upon five recycling runs. The current study not only promoted our knowledge of the binary system of S-scheme CuO@TiO 2 heterojunction composite photocatalyst but also shed new light on the design of heterostructure photocatalysts with high-performance and high stability.

Objectives While delays in leukemia detection remain an ongoing challenge in hematologic cancer care, little is known about the factors associated with these delays. This article focuses on identifying the barriers hindering timely diagnosis of leukemia through a cohort analysis (2016-2021) of 220 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), 161 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), 90 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), and 121 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients in Qatar. Methods Of the 592 patients used for the study, subsets were identified and analyzed for delay (423), risk stratification (437), and leukemia stage (282). Results There was an increasing trend in leukemia cases, with 32% of patients being diagnosed in the high-risk category. Out of 423 (median delay = 28 days) patients, 45% reported delayed diagnosis (median delay = 44 days). Further analysis of the association of delayed leukemia diagnosis using the univariate χ 2 independence test revealed significant associations to patient referral type, and the presence of certain comorbidities and symptoms. Conclusion Significant delays in leukemia diagnosis were identified, though the exact cause remains unclear. These delays can be attributed to factors such as patient, primary care, referral, system, and physician delays. Therefore, further investigation is imperative for improving the detection, diagnosis, and referral processes in hematologic cancers.

In 2018, the Egyptian government initiated a massive hepatitis C screening and treatment program. The Ministry of Health set the goal of screening all adults (target population, 62.5 million) within 1 year and provided treatment paid for by the government. Nearly 50 million people participated in screening, and approximately 1 million patients were treated for HCV infection.

Very few previous studies have involved school students or their parents in the evaluation of virtual learning environment (VLE). Thus, this survey was performed to evaluate the satisfaction of both school students and their parents with the VLE in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was distributed online for VLE evaluation. The questionnaire was based on previous studies and expert opinions from validated instruments for assessing distance education, integrative and literature reviews of VLE environment. A median value >3 indicated participant satisfaction in each of the 5 domains of the questionnaire as well as overall VLE satisfaction. The used questionnaire was checked after its implementation by all possible statistical means and it was found to be of acceptable validity and reliability. Six hundred and ninety-three participants including 571 Saudi citizens and 122 non-Saudi residents participated in this survey. The number of school students who agreed or strongly agreed were significantly lower than the number of students who disagreed or strongly disagreed with preferring the VLE over traditional education (p<0.001). The participants evaluated the VLE experience as unsatisfactory with a median value [less than or equal to]3 for 4 out of 5 questionnaire domains with an overall satisfaction value of 2.8. Among the 117 participants who gave further written opinions/comments, 42(35.9%) participants supported the VLE as an alternative to traditional classrooms, if equipment and internet are made available and for the safety of their children. This is one of few available adequate population-based studies for exploring the VLE satisfaction of both Saudi citizens and non-Saudi residents school students and their parents. This study showed the participants' unsatisfactory VLE experience. The VLE is accepted as an alternative to traditional classrooms to keep up with learning and to maintain the safety of children and it can be a supplementary learning method but many measures are still needed to develop the VLE.

The current review aims to summarise the biodiversity and biosynthesis of novel secondary metabolites compounds, of the phylum Actinobacteria and the diverse range of secondary metabolites produced that vary depending on its ecological environments they inhabit. Actinobacteria creates a wide range of bioactive substances that can be of great value to public health and the pharmaceutical industry. The literature analysis process for this review was conducted using the VOSviewer software tool to visualise the bibliometric networks of the most relevant databases from the Scopus database in the period between 2010 and 22 March 2021. Screening and exploring the available literature relating to the extreme environments and ecosystems that Actinobacteria inhabit aims to identify new strains of this major microorganism class, producing unique novel bioactive compounds. The knowledge gained from these studies is intended to encourage scientists in the natural product discovery field to identify and characterise novel strains containing various bioactive gene clusters with potential clinical applications. It is evident that Actinobacteria adapted to survive in extreme environments represent an important source of a wide range of bioactive compounds. Actinobacteria have a large number of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters. They can synthesise thousands of subordinate metabolites with different biological actions such as anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic, anti-fungal, anti-virus, anti-cancer and growth-promoting compounds. These are highly significant economically due to their potential applications in the food, nutrition and health industries and thus support our communities’ well-being.

Mysterious seismoacoustic events were reported at the beginning of 2022 near Helwan Cairo, Egypt. The majority of these events were recorded by the Egyptian National Seismic Network. The source characteristics of the events were unknown. In May 2022, a temporary infrasound array station was established with a small aperture of 450 m in Helwan. Throughout the 6-month monitoring period, we employed a recursive short-term average/long-term average trigger method across all sensors, leading to the detection of the impulsive seismoacoustic events. Infrasound propagation models, coupled with F-K analysis, further confirmed the locations and directions of the recorded events, providing robust data that could be correlated with planet satellite images of the azimuth directions detected via the infrasound array analyses. The mysterious signals were identified as originating from a major construction project in Egypt: the high-speed railway train corridor. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating seismic sensors with infrasound arrays for enhanced source characterisation. The combination of these tools enabled precise discrimination of quarry blasts in eastern Helwan. Additionally, our findings suggest that inexpensive sensors can be a cost-effective solution for monitoring higher-frequency events.

Background Preterm birth has become increasingly common over the past several decades. The underdeveloped immune systems place preterm infants at an increased risk of infections, often vaccine-preventable, compared to full-term infants. Despite the importance of immunizing preterm infants, research on vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness in this population remains limited. This consensus article seeks to provide clear, evidence-based recommendations to improve vaccine coverage and timely immunization in preterm infants in Egypt. Methods A modified Delphi consensus approach was employed to develop evidence-based recommendations for preterm infant vaccination in Egypt. A panel of 18 experts, including pediatricians, neonatologists, and a pharmacist participated. The process covered 15 key vaccination topics, with 59 statements formulated based on a comprehensive literature review. A 5-point Likert scale was used to evaluate the statements, with ≥ 70% agreement threshold for consensus. Statements not meeting this threshold were revised and subjected to a second voting round. Final recommendations were established based on the achieved consensus. Results Our consensus included 59 statements. In the first round of voting, 63 statements were evaluated, with the panel reaching a consensus on 54 statements. Nine statements fell below the 70% agreement threshold and required a second round of voting. A second round was conducted, including these nine statements along with one newly added statement. Ultimately, five statements achieved consensus, while five were removed. Conclusion Establishing preterm vaccination guidelines is important for reducing mortality and morbidity in this high-risk population, especially in Egypt. This consensus emphasizes the need for timely immunization to minimize the risk of infections associated with delayed vaccination. Additionally, it identifies several areas requiring further research, ensuring that future updates can continue to refine and enhance immunization strategies for preterm infants. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Determining the appropriate parents for breeding programs is the most important decision that plant breeders must make to maximize the genetic variability and produce excellent recombinant genotypes. Several methods are used to identify genotypes with desirable phenotypic features for breeding experiments. In this study, five kalanchoe genotypes were morphologically characterized by assessing plant height, number of inflorescences, number of flowers, flower length, flower diameter and number of petals. The analysis showed the distinction of yellow kalanchoe in the plant height trait, while the orange kalanchoe was distinguished in the number of inflorescences, the number of flowers and flower length traits, whereas the violet kalanchoe possessed the largest flower diameter and the highest number of petals. The molecular profiling was performed by random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD), inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tools. Genomic DNA was extracted from young leaves and the PCR reactions were performed using ten primers for each SCoT, ISSR and RAPD marker. Only four out of ten primers showed amplicon profiles in all PCR markers. A total of 70 bands were generated by SCoT, ISSR and RAPD-PCR with 35 polymorphic bands and 35 monomorphic bands. The total number of bands of RAPD, ISSR and SCoT was 15, 17 and 38, respectively. The polymorphism percentages achieved by RAPD, ISSR and SCoT were 60.25%, 15% and 57%, respectively. The cluster analysis based on morphological data revealed two clusters. Cluster I consisted of violet and orange kalanchoe, and cluster II comprised red, yellow and purple kalanchoe. Whereas the cluster analysis based on molecular data revealed three clusters. Cluster I included only yellow kalanchoe, cluster II comprised orange and violet kalanchoe while cluster III comprised red, and purple kalanchoe. The study concluded that orange, violet and yellow kalanchoe are distinguished parents for breeding economically valued traits in kalanchoe. Also, the study concluded that SCoT and RAPD markers reproduced reliable banding patterns to assess the genetic polymorphism among kalanchoe genotypes that consider the basis stone for genetic improvements in ornamental plants.

The enhancement of the thermal properties of insulating oils has positively reflected on the performance of the electrical equipment that contains these oils. Nanomaterial science plays an influential role in enhancing the different properties of liquids, especially insulating oils. Although a minimum oil circuit breaker (MOCB) is one of the oldest circuit breakers in the electrical network, improving the insulating oil properties develops its performance to overcome some of its troubles. In this paper, 66 kV MOCB is modeled by COMSOL Multiphysics software. The internal temperature and the internally generated heat energy inside the MOCB during the making process of its contacts are simulated at different positions of the movable contact. This simulation is introduced for different modified insulating oils (mineral oil and synthetic ester oil) with different types of nanoparticles at different concentrations (0.0, 0.0025, 0.005, and 0.01 wt%). From the obtained results, it is noticed that the thermal stress on the MOCB can be reduced by the use of high thermal conductivity insulating oils. Nano/insulating oils decrease internal temperature and generate heat energy inside the MOCB by about 17.5%. The corresponding physical mechanisms are clarified considering the thermophoresis effect.