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"Mohammad, Mohammad M."
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Recent trends on biomaterials for tissue regeneration applications: review
Tissue engineering is approach of replacing or regeneration of biological functions of tissues or organs by using combination of biomaterials, biomolecules and cells. Tissue engineering mainly depends scaffold biomaterials and scaffold fabrication methods. Therefore, there have been progressive investigation and development of new biomaterials with different formulations to help and achieve necessary requirements in the tissue engineering applications. This review is briefly representing necessary features associated with biomaterial type and design required for tissue regeneration applications, and presenting earlier research in tissue engineering field and new trends for future implementation. It is mainly focusing on generations of biomaterials and discovery tissue engineering field. As well as, different types of biomaterials, such as bioceramics, bioactive glasses, synthetic and natural polymers and their derived composites, used in fabrication of scaffolds (as a main part of tissue engineering) are demonstrated in this review. Scaffold fabrication methods are also reviewed here. Moreover, it is showing the recent achievements in tissue engineering field for bone, skin, cartilage, neural, and cardiac regeneration as a pre-clinical procedure for repair of injured and diseased tissues and organs. Finally, recent trends and challenges of biomaterials for tissue regeneration are presented also in this review.
Graphical abstract
Journal Article
Industry 4.0 and engineering for a sustainable future
This unique volume considers the emergence of \"Industry 4.0\" (i4.0) and the many ways the multifaceted field of Engineering is transforming our ideas and our options around sustainability. It points to emerging technological advances that are facilitating industrial process improvements to artificial intelligence's promise to help us live \"smartly\" and manage energy demand. Engineering for a sustainable future is an exploding area of research. This book provides coverage of key case studies from industrial partners such as Ericsson, British Telecom (BT), BMW, Matrixx and research from different UK and international institutions. Examines Smart Engineering Design; Considers how Communication Technologies are developing in the age of i4.0 (from 4G to 6G and beyond); Using interesting case studies from large manufacturers such as BMW to examine Rapid Prototyping and Digital manufacturing; Covers some key issues about Big Data and network security and discusses \"Blockchain\"; Provides fresh insight into Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Augmented Reality; Discusses global warming and discusses how urban heat islands are having a detrimental impact on the health and wellbeing of inhabitants in major cities; Provides interesting case studies to determine the industry 4.0 (I4.0) readiness of eight Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs).
Book
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) as drug delivery platform: Advances in formulation and delivery strategies
NLCs have provoked the incessant impulsion for the development of safe and valuable drug delivery systems owing to their exceptional physicochemical and then biocompatible characteristics. Throughout the earlier period, a lot of studies recounting NLCs based formulations have been noticeably increased. They are binary system which contains both solid and liquid lipids aiming to produce less ordered lipidic core. Their constituents particularly influence the physicochemical properties and effectiveness of the final product. NLCs can be fabricated by different techniques which are classified according to consumed energy. More utilization NLCs is essential due to overcome barriers surrounded by the technological procedure of lipid-based nanocarriers’ formulation and increased information of the core mechanisms of their transport via various routes of administration. They can be used in different applications and by different routes such as oral, cutaneous, ocular and pulmonary. This review article seeks to present an overview on the existing situation of the art of NLCs for future clinics through exposition of their applications which shall foster their lucid use. The reported records evidently demonstrate the promise of NLCs for innovate therapeutic applications in the future.
Journal Article
TgVax452, an epitope-based candidate vaccine targeting Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoite-specific SAG1-related sequence (SRS) proteins: immunoinformatics, structural simulations and experimental evidence-based approaches
Background
The highly expressed surface antigen 1 (SAG1)-related sequence (SRS) proteins of
T. gondii
tachyzoites, as a widespread zoonotic parasite, are critical for host cell invasion and represent promising vaccine targets. In this study, we employed a computer-aided multi-method approach for
in silico
design and evaluation of TgVax452, an epitope-based candidate vaccine against
T. gondii
tachyzoite-specific SRS proteins.
Methods
Using immunoinformatics web-based tools, structural modeling, and static/dynamic molecular simulations, we identified and screened B- and T-cell immunodominant epitopes and predicted TgVax452’s antigenicity, stability, safety, adjuvanticity, and physico-chemical properties.
Results
The designed protein possessed 452 residues, a MW of 44.07 kDa, an alkaline pI (6.7), good stability (33.20), solubility (0.498), and antigenicity (0.9639) with no allergenicity. Comprehensive molecular dynamic (MD) simulation analyses confirmed the stable interaction (average potential energy: 3.3799 × 10
6
KJ/mol) between the TLR4 agonist residues (RS09 peptide) of the TgVax452 in interaction with human TLR4, potentially activating innate immune responses. Also, a dramatic increase was observed in specific antibodies (IgM and IgG), cytokines (IFN-γ), and lymphocyte responses, based on C-ImmSim outputs. Finally, we optimized TgVax452’s codon adaptation and mRNA secondary structure for efficient expression in
E. coli
BL21 expression machinery.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that TgVax452 is a promising candidate vaccine against
T. gondii
tachyzoite-specific SRS proteins and requires further experimental studies for its potential use in preclinical trials.
Journal Article
Sentiment analysis of short informal texts
We describe a state-of-the-art sentiment analysis system that detects (a) the sentiment of short informal textual messages such as tweets and SMS (message-level task) and (b) the sentiment of a word or a phrase within a message (term-level task). The system is based on a supervised statistical text classification approach leveraging a variety of surface-form, semantic, and sentiment features. The sentiment features are primarily derived from novel high-coverage tweet-specific sentiment lexicons. These lexicons are automatically generated from tweets with sentiment-word hashtags and from tweets with emoticons. To adequately capture the sentiment of words in negated contexts, a separate sentiment lexicon is generated for negated words. The system ranked first in the SemEval-2013 shared task `Sentiment Analysis in Twitter' (Task 2), obtaining an F-score of 69.02 in the message-level task and 88.93 in the term-level task. Post-competition improvements boost the performance to an F-score of 70.45 (message-level task) and 89.50 (term-level task). The system also obtains state-of-the-art performance on two additional datasets: the SemEval-2013 SMS test set and a corpus of movie review excerpts. The ablation experiments demonstrate that the use of the automatically generated lexicons results in performance gains of up to 6.5 absolute percentage points.
Journal Article
Honeybees in Oman
\"Honeybees in Oman\" is a definitive multidisciplinary study of the indigenous bee populations and traditional apiculture of the Sultanate of Oman. Based on collaborative research between the Omani Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries and the University of Durham, this volume serves as both a biological survey and a documentation of intangible cultural heritage. The work focuses primarily on the two native species—the dwarf honeybee (Apis floreas) and the Arabian honeybee (Apis mellifera jemenitica)—analyzing their unique adaptations to the extreme arid and montane environments of the Arabian Peninsula.
BOOK
Ethylene and its crosstalk with hormonal pathways in fruit ripening: mechanisms, modulation, and commercial exploitation
Ethylene is an important phytohormone that orchestrates a multitude of physiological and biochemical processes regulating fruit ripening, from early maturation to post-harvest. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of ethylene’s multifaceted roles in climacteric fruit ripening, characterized by a pronounced increase in ethylene production and respiration rates. It explores potential genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying ethylene’s action, focusing on key transcription factors, biosynthetic pathway genes, and signal transduction elements crucial for the expression of ripening-related genes. The varied sensitivity and dependency of ripening traits on ethylene are elucidated through studies employing genetic mutations and ethylene inhibitors such as AVG and 1-MCP. Additionally, the modulation of ripening traits by ethylene is influenced by its interaction with other phytohormones, including auxins, abscisic acid, gibberellins, jasmonates, brassinosteroids, and salicylic acid. Pre-harvest fruit drop is intricately linked to ethylene, which triggers enzyme activity in the abscission zone, leading to cell wall degradation and fruit detachment. This review also highlights the potential for applying ethylene-related knowledge in commercial contexts to enhance fruit quality, control pre-harvest drop, and extend shelf life. Future research directions are proposed, advocating for the integration of physiological, genetic, biochemical, and transcriptional insights to further elucidate ethylene’s role in fruit ripening and its interaction with other hormonal pathways.
Journal Article