Explore the vast range of titles available.

Objectives: To evaluate dental students’ and recent graduates’ perceptions of the integration, effectiveness, quality, and clinical relevance of orofacial pain (OFP) and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) education in the Oral Medicine (OM) course at Umm Al-Qura University’s Faculty of Dental Medicine (UQUDENT), and to identify educational gaps and opportunities for curriculum improvement. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered online questionnaire distributed via Google Forms to 117 participants, including fourth- to sixth-year students, interns, and recent (2022–2024) graduates. Respondents provided demographic information and assessed the effectiveness (10 items), quality (4 items), and value/relevance (4 items) of the OM course using a 5-point Likert scale. Results: Respondents provided moderate ratings for course effectiveness (mean = 35.2/50) and quality (mean = 13.5/20), and rated OFP/TMD content as having high clinical value (mean = 16.1/20). They had limited confidence in OFP/TMD diagnosis (mean = 3.09/5) and management (mean = 3.19/5). More than 80% believed the curriculum should include more OFP/TMD content. No significant differences were observed by gender, sector, study/work area, clinical exposure (all p > 0.05). Conclusions: Students recognize the importance of OFP/TMD education, but the current curriculum may be insufficiently structured to build competence. Improvement of curricular depth, teaching methods, and clinical exposure is recommended.

To compare the frequency of patients' oral health problems and prevention needs among Slovenian and international dentists with the aim to validate the four oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) dimensions across six clinical dental fields in all World Health Organization (WHO) regions. An anonymous electronic survey in the English language was designed using Qualtrics software. A probability sampling for Slovenia and a convenience sampling strategy for dentist recruitment was applied for 31 countries. Dentists engaged in six dental fields were asked to categorize their patients' oral health problems and prevention needs into the four OHRQoL dimensions (Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact). Proportions of patients' problems and prevention needs were calculated together with the significance of Slovenian and international dentists' differences based on dental fields and WHO regions. Dentists (n=1,580) from 32 countries completed the survey. There were 223 Slovenian dentists (females: 68%) with a mean age (SD) of 41 (10.6) years and 1,358 international dentists (females: 51%) with a mean age (SD) of 38 (10.4). Pain-related problems and prevention needs were the most prevalent among all six dental fields reported by dentists; Slovenian (37%) and 31 countries (45%). According to Cohen, differences between Slovenia, the broader European Region, and 31 countries were considered non-significant (<0.1). According to the dentists' responses, the frequency of patients' oral health problems and prevention needs are proportionate between Slovenia and 31 countries, regionally and globally. The four OHRQoL dimensions can be considered universal across all dental fields.

Background Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact are the four oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) dimensions (4D) or areas in which oral disorders impact pediatric patients. Using their dentists' assessment, the study aimed to evaluate whether pediatric dental patients' oral health concerns fit into the 4D of the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) construct. Methods Dentists who treat children from 32 countries and all WHO regions were selected from a web-based survey of 1580 international dentists. Dentists were asked if their pediatric patients with current or future oral health concerns fit into the 4D of the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) construct. Proportions of all pediatric patients’ oral health problems and prevention needs were computed. Findings Data from 101 dentists treating children only and 523 dentists treating children and adults were included. For 90% of pediatric patients, their current oral health problems fit well in the four OHRQoL dimensions. For 91% of oral health problems they intended to prevent in the future were related to these dimensions as well. Both numbers increased to at least 96% when experts analyzed dentists´ explanations of why some oral health problems would not fit these four categories. Conclusions The study revealed the four fundamental components of dental patients, i.e., the four OHRQoL dimensions (Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact) are also applicable for pediatric patients, regardless of whether they have current or future oral health concerns, and should be considered when measuring OHRQoL in the pediatric dental patient population.

Introduction : An endometrial polyp (EP) is an abnormal growth of the endometrium inside the uterine cavity. Histologically, the polyp contains glandular, stromal, vascular (thick-walled vessels), and connective tissue elements (fibrous stroma). The most common symptoms of patients with endometrial polyps are abnormal bleeding and infertility. Aim : To assess cases of endometrial polyps received at the pathology department of a hospital by exploring the different presentations of the patients and the correlation with the clinico-pathological features. Materials and methods : This retrospective, cross-sectional study used patient data from January 2018 to December 2022. It was conducted in the pathology department of a tertiary care center. It included 180 women with endometrial polyps. Data were collected from the hospital information system’s medical records, and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 26.0, was used to analyze the data. Results : The patients’ ages ranged from 29 to 88 years. About one-third of the patients were aged between 30 and 40 years. Patients with a single polyp were more than those with multiple polyps. Abnormal bleeding and infertility were the most prevalent symptoms. All the cases were histopathologically benign except for one who presented with malignancy. Age did not show significant association with recurrence. In more than 75% of patients, there was a consensus between the clinical assessments and pathology results. Conclusion : Most endometrial polyps are benign and single with a good concordance between the clinical suspicion and the histopathological confirmation.

Accurate analysis of residual stress present within an engineering component plays a fundamental role to its sustainable structural integrity assessment. This is particularly important for a safety critical component within the power generation sectors, aerospace, and oil and gas industries. The accurate stress analysis not only allows operators to determine the life remaining in a component but also avoid over-conservative estimates and thereby contribute to life extension of engineering plants and components. By utilizing and unifying multiple residual stress analysis tools of different nature a robust and more accurate method of stress analysis is achieved. The main aim of the current study focusses on the development and optimization of a robust residual stress tool based on the contour technique to accurately analyse inherent stress in an engineering component.

There is currently limited knowledge about the firsthand experiences of adolescents and young adults with mental health problems and the meanings they ascribe to these experiences, particularly within Arab countries. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the lived experience of Omani adolescents and young adults with a mental health problem. A sample of 15 participants aged 13–22 diagnosed with a range of mental health problems took part in the study. A qualitative interview guide consisting of open-ended questions was used to allow participants to speak in-depth about their experiences. Using the thematic analysis approach to uncover patterns in the data, three major themes emerged: “living in darkness”, “perilous journey” and “uncertain future”. Results show that the progress of adolescents and young adults with mental health problems is characterized by several challenges; the most significant of which is having insufficient knowledge about their illness, leading to unnecessary delays in their treatment. These findings shed light on the breadth and depth of the experience of adolescents and young adults with mental health problems and lay the groundwork for further examinations. Implications lie in the development of approaches for preventing or mitigating difficulties faced by adolescents and young adults with mental health problems.

Frankincense has demonstrated promising anticancer activity. However, its conventional delivery methods face significant challenges due to limited oral bioavailability. To address these limitations, this study focuses on developing optimized nanoemulsions (NEs) of Frankincense oil (FO) to enhance its therapeutic efficacy. Frankincense resins were extracted and characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), identifying key metabolites including isopinocarveol, α-thujene, p-cymene, carvone, germacrene A, and various methyl esters. FO-based nanoemulsions (FO-NEs) were prepared and optimized using a 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken Design (BBD), with 10% FO (v/v), 40% surfactant (cremophor EL), and co-surfactant (Transcutol P). The optimized FO-NEs were evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, and morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Cytotoxicity, wound healing, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays were performed against breast cancer (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-231-TR) and lung cancer (A549, A549-TR, H1299) cell lines. The optimized FO-NEs exhibited an average particle size of 65.1 ± 4.21 nm, a PDI of 0.258 ± 0.04, and a zeta potential of -22.3 ± 1.2 mV. SEM and AFM confirmed the spherical morphology of the FO-NEs. In vitro cytotoxicity studies revealed enhanced anticancer activity of FO-NEs (IC50 = 13.2 μg/mL) compared to free FO (IC50 = 22.5 μg/mL) against resistant breast cancer MDA-MB-231-TR cells. FO-NEs significantly improved cancer cell internalization, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased ROS generation, leading to enhanced cytotoxic effects. The results demonstrate that nanoemulsion-based delivery significantly enhances the bioactivity and cellular uptake of frankincense oil compared to its free form. FO-NEs exhibit potent anticancer activity, particularly against drug-resistant cancer cell lines, suggesting their potential as a viable strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of frankincense in cancer treatment.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has been declared a pandemic and has affected both patients and health-care workers. This study was conducted to explore the extent of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experiences among nurses because of the COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a convenience sampling approach. A sample of 259 participants completed the study questionnaires, including a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 between May and July 2020. The prevalence of PTSD among the study participants was 37.1%. Most study participants who exhibited PTSD symptoms presented the lowest level of PTSD (17%). The results showed significant differences in overall COVID-19-related PTSD according to the participant's age (F = 14.750; = 0.000), gender (F = 30.340; = 0.000), level of education (F = 51.983; = 0.000), years of experience (F = 52.33, = 0.000), place of work (F = 19.593; = 0.000), and working position (F = 11.597; = 0.000), as determined by 1-way ANOVA. Nurses must be qualified and accredited to cope with reported PTSD cases and their consequences in relation to COVID-19 outbreaks. A close collaboration with a multidisciplinary team is required to recognize, manage, and encourage safety literacy among health-care professionals and individuals diagnosed with or suspected of PTSD due to COVID-19 outbreaks or any other viral outbreaks.