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Background: Gefitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mainly used for non-small cell lung cancer. Because EGFR is also highly expressed in placental tissue, its use has been explored in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy. This review examines the available evidence on the safety and effectiveness of combining gefitinib with methotrexate for the treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar for English-language studies published between 2013 and 2023 comparing gefitinib plus methotrexate to methotrexate alone. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools for quasi-experimental studies and case reports. Meta-analysis was performed using OpenMeta-Analyst with a random-effects model at a 0.05 significance level and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Of 162 identified studies, five met the inclusion criteria, and three were included in the meta-analysis, comprising 526 participants. The pooled analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in complete resolution rates between the combination therapy group (69.3%) and the methotrexate-alone group (75.5%) (relative risks (RR): 1.004, 95% CI: 0.802–1.257; p = 0.973; I2 = 63.96%). Adverse events were generally mild and self-limiting, with rash (60.8%) and diarrhea (46.5%) being the most common. Serious adverse events were rare (<4%) and occurred at similar rates in both groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest that while the combination of gefitinib and methotrexate is safe, it does not significantly enhance treatment outcomes compared to methotrexate alone in managing ectopic pregnancy. Registration: The study has been registered on https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ (registration number: CRD42024500567; registration link: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024500567).

There is no doubt that digitalization or the application of advanced information technologies plays a vital role in the functioning of healthcare institutions in the modern era (G. Gopal,2019).However, it also brings some challenges. One of them is cybersecurity (M. Mijwil,2023). Protecting information is one of the most important tasks of healthcare organizations. (X. Liu,2022) Most use health information systems such as “electronic prescribing systems, electronic health record systems, practice management support systems, clinical decision support systems, radiological information systems, and computerized order entry systems.” Doctors\", to name a few. (N. Al-Shorbaji,2022) These systems are usually connected to the Internet of Things, the Internet, etc. and have the possibility of remote access (R.T. Sutton,2020). The fact is that these technological systems simplify various tasks and help in managing healthcare processes.

1.Jack G. Shaheen, The TV Arab (Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State Univ. Popular Press, 1984), p. 11; Quoted in: Richard H. Curtiss, A Changing Image: American Perceptions of the Arab- Israeli Dispute (Washington, DC: American Educational Trust, 1982), p. 153. 2.Mark Weber, The Zionist Terror Network: Background and Operation of the Jewish Defense League and Other Criminal Zionist Groups (Institute for Historical Review, 1993), p. 6. 3.J. G. Shaheen, The TV Arab (1984), p. 13. 4.Neal Gabler, An Empire of Their Own: How the Jews Invented Hollywood (New York: Doubleday [and Crown], 1988), pp. 1-2. 5.Quoted in: N. Gabler, An Empire of Their Own (1988), p. 277. 6.Norman [Norman F. Cantor], Sacred Chain: A History of the Jews (New York: HarperCollins, 1994), pp. 390, 401. 7.Jonathan [Jonathan J. Goldberg], Jewish Power: Inside the American Jewish Establishment (Addison-Wesley, 1996), pp. 280, 287-288. This book was reviewed in the March-April 1998 Journal, pp. 37-38. 8.Quoted in: N. Gabler, An Empire of Their Own (1988), p. 350. 9.Michael Parenti, Make-Believe Media: The Politics of Entertainment (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992), p. 30. 10.Quoted in: M. Parenti, Make-Believe Media, p. 30. 11.Faisal Kutty, Bushira Yousuf, \"Hollywood's View of Arabs, Muslims,\" Toronto Star, Sept. 14, 1998. Reprinted in \"Other Voices\" supplement to The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs (Washington, DC), December 1998, p. S-10. 12.Quoted in: [Jack G. Shaheen], The TV Arab (1984), p. 7. 13.1997 Britannica Book of the Year (Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica), pp. 311, 739. 14.Quoted in: J. G. Shaheen, The TV Arab (1984), p. 127. 15.Norman F. Cantor, Sacred Chain (cited above), p. 401. 16.Quoted in: J. G. Shaheen, The TV Arab (1984), pp. 127-8. 17.Quoted in: Richard H. Curtiss, A Changing Image: American Perceptions of the Arab-Israeli Dispute (citied above), p. 145. 18.Joshua 6: 21-14. See also, for example, Exodus 32: 26-29; Numbers 21: 2-3, 31-35; Deuteronomy 2: 34-35, 3:6, 7: 1-5, 20: 13-17; Joshua 8: 24-29, 10: 28-40, 11: 7-8, 14, 21- 23; 2 Kings 10: 17, 30. For more on this, see: Mohammad T. Mehdi, Terrorism: Why America is the Target (New York: New World Press, 1998), p. 66. 19.Quoted in: J. G. Shaheen, The TV Arab (cited above), pp. 67, 57. 20.J. G. Shaheen, The TV Arab (1984), pp. 114, 70, 111. 21.J. G. Shaheen, The TV Arab (1984), pp. 127, 62. 22.Quoted in: R. H. Curtiss, A Changing Image (1982), p. 153. 23.Quoted in: J. G. Shaheen, The TV Arab (1984), pp. 122, 7, and back cover. 24.For details see: [Paul Findley], They Dare to Speak Out: People and Institutions Confront Israel's Lobby (Westport, Conn.: Lawrence Hill & Co., 1985). See also: Alfred M. Lilienthal, The Zionist Connection (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1978). 25.M. Weber, The Zionist Terror Network (1993), esp. pp. 5-6. 26.Richard Wormser, American Islam: Growing Up Muslim in America (New York: Walker & Co., 1994) p. 121. 27.Quoted in: Terry Allen, \"Professional Arab-Bashing,\" Covert Action Quarterly, No. 53, Summer 1995, p. 20. 28.Quoted in: T. Allen, \"Professional Arab-Bashing,\" Covert Action Quarterly, Summer 1995, p. 21. 29.T. Allen, \"Professional Arab-Bashing,\" Covert Action Quarterly, Summer 1995, p. 21. 30.Ann Talamus, \"War in the Gulf, Repression at Home: FBI Targets Arab-Americans\" Covert Action Quarterly, No. 36, Spring 1991, pp. 4- 8; R. Wormser, American Islam (cited above), p. 4. 31.F. Kutty, B. Yousuf, \"Hollywood's View of Arabs, Muslims,\" Toronto Star, Sept. 14, 1998 (cited above). 32.As an Arab I have faced ethnic-based hostility, from both Jews and Christians, in my academic career. During the 1980s and 1990s, when I taught at four different southern California universities and colleges, I was denied promotion. 33.Quoted in: R. H. Curtiss, A Changing Image (cited above), p. 153.

The genome editing approach by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) is a revolutionary advancement in genetic engineering. Owing to its simple design and powerful genome-editing capability, it offers a promising strategy for the treatment of different infectious, metabolic, and genetic diseases. The crystal structure of Cas9 (SpCas9) in complex with sgRNA and its target DNA at 2.5 Å resolution reveals a groove accommodating sgRNA:DNA heteroduplex within a bilobate architecture with target recognition (REC) and nuclease (NUC) domains. The presence of a PAM is significantly required for target recognition, R-loop formation, and strand scission. Recently, the spatiotemporal control of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has been considerably improved by genetic, chemical, and physical regulatory strategies. The use of genetic modifiers anti-CRISPR proteins, cell-specific promoters, and histone acetyl transferases has uplifted the application of CRISPR/Cas9 as a future-generation genome editing tool. In addition, interventions by chemical control, small-molecule activators, oligonucleotide conjugates and bioresponsive delivery carriers have improved its application in other areas of biological fields. Furthermore, the intermediation of physical control by using heat-, light-, magnetism-, and ultrasound-responsive elements attached to this molecular tool has revolutionized genome editing further. These strategies significantly reduce CRISPR/Cas9's undesirable off-target effects. However, other undesirable effects still offer some challenges for comprehensive clinical translation using this genome-editing approach. In this review, we summarize recent advances in CRISPR/Cas9 structure, mechanistic action, and the role of small-molecule activators, inhibitors, promoters, and physical approaches. Finally, off-target measurement approaches, challenges, future prospects, and clinical applications are discussed.

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide, highlighting the crucial need for novel and effective treatments. In this study, we look at the ability of four natural compounds i.e. Berberine, Curcumin, Withaferin A, and Ellagic Acid to target important breast cancer biomarkers such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL-1), cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR). These indicators have important roles in tumor development, survival, immune response, and cell cycle control, making them potential targets for future cancer treatments. Our study employs a variety of techniques, including pharmacokinetic profiling (ADME), molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations, to determine how successful these drugs could be in therapy. The pharmacokinetic investigation found that Berberine and Ellagic Acid stand out due to their high absorption and solubility, implying that they could be suitable for clinical application. When we ran docking simulations, we discovered substantial connections between these chemicals and the target proteins. Additionally, Berberine has a binding affinity of − 9.3 kcal/mol for BCL-2, indicating that it can impair the protein’s cancer cell-protective activities. Ellagic Acid, on the other hand, has an even higher binding affinity for PDL-1 of − 9.8 kcal/mol, showing that it may be able to increase immune responses against tumors. Molecular dynamics simulations over 100 ns demonstrated the stability of these protein–ligand complexes. Interestingly, Ellagic Acid was found to be more structurally stable than Berberine throughout these simulations. We found consistent interactions between the chemicals and key residues in the target proteins. For example, Ellagic Acid (CID: 5281855) established persistent linkages with LYS43, ASP163, and VAL27, whereas Berberine (CID: 2353) interacted with VAL27, ALA41, and LEU152 throughout the simulation. In conclusion, the combination of good pharmacokinetics, robust interactions with cancer biomarkers, and stable complexes makes Berberine and Ellagic Acid interesting candidates for further investigation as natural inhibitors in breast cancer treatment. These findings establish the framework for future research into novel and inventive techniques to effectively combating breast cancer.

Genetic regulatory networks (GRNs) regulate the flow of genetic information from the genome to expressed messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and thus are critical to controlling the phenotypic characteristics of cells. Numerous methods exist for profiling mRNA transcript levels and identifying protein-DNA binding interactions at the genome-wide scale. These enable researchers to determine the structure and output of transcriptional regulatory networks, but uncovering the complete structure and regulatory logic of GRNs remains a challenge. The field of GRN inference aims to meet this challenge using computational modeling to derive the structure and logic of GRNs from experimental data and to encode this knowledge in Boolean networks, Bayesian networks, ordinary differential equation (ODE) models, or other modeling frameworks. However, most existing models do not incorporate dynamic transcriptional data since it has historically been less widely available in comparison to “static” transcriptional data. We report the development of an evolutionary algorithm-based ODE modeling approach (named EA) that integrates kinetic transcription data and the theory of attractor matching to infer GRN architecture and regulatory logic. Our method outperformed six leading GRN inference methods, none of which incorporate kinetic transcriptional data, in predicting regulatory connections among TFs when applied to a small-scale engineered synthetic GRN in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Moreover, we demonstrate the potential of our method to predict unknown transcriptional profiles that would be produced upon genetic perturbation of the GRN governing a two-state cellular phenotypic switch in Candida albicans . We established an iterative refinement strategy to facilitate candidate selection for experimentation; the experimental results in turn provide validation or improvement for the model. In this way, our GRN inference approach can expedite the development of a sophisticated mathematical model that can accurately describe the structure and dynamics of the in vivo GRN.

V. parahaemolyticus poses a remarkable public health threat, accounting for approximately 25% of global seafood-related infections in human consumers and resulting in severe infections and substantial economic losses in the aquaculture. To explore the prevalence, antibiogram, virulence and resistance genes, the multidrug resistance profiles, and the pathogenicity of V. parahaemolyticus recovered from shrimp, 200 Litopenaeus vannamei (clinically healthy: n  = 100 and diseased: n  = 100) were gathered from commercial shrimp farms in Ismailia, Egypt. Accordingly, clinical and postmortem findings and bacteriological examinations were performed. All the recovered isolates were positive for the gro EL and Ap3 genes, indicating that all the retrieved isolates were AHPND-causing strains. The prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus in the examined shrimp was 11% (22/200), where the hepatopancreas was the prominent infected organ. Using PCR, the prevalence of the tox R, tlh , tdh , and trh virulence genes was 100%, 98%, 80%, and 28%, respectively. Moreover, 42% of the obtained V. parahaemolyticus strains were MDR to seven antimicrobial classes and had the bla TEM , tet A, bla OXA , sul 1, aad A, and erm B genes. In addition, 16% of the isolated strains were MDR to six classes and had the bla TEM , tet A, bla OXA , aad A, and erm B genes. The pathogenicity trial emphasized the positive correlation between the inherited virulence genes of the tested strains and the recorded mortalities. In brief, this investigation highlighted the development of MDR V. parahaemolyticus in shrimp, affirming a public health threat. The evolving MDR V. parahaemolyticus strains usually carry the Ap3 , tox R, tlh , and tdh virulence genes, and the erm B, bla TEM , aad A, bla OXA , sul 1, tet A, and/or tet B antibiotic resistance genes.

This research presents an eco-friendly approach for extracting chitosan from shrimp shell waste through ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to prepare biocompatible aerogel scaffolds for biomedical applications. The study investigates the influence of various ultrasonic treatment times (10, 20, 30, 40 min) on the yield and structural and physicochemical properties of the extracted chitosan via characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Among the tested conditions, the 30 min UAE-treated chitosan aerogels showed optimal porosity and structural integrity. Biocompatibility of the aerogels was evaluated, and the results confirmed their non-cytotoxic nature. The bioactivity of the chitosan aerogels was evaluated in terms of their in vitro wound closure ability and antibacterial properties. The aerogels demonstrated a wound closure rate of around 51% after 72 h, significantly higher than the untreated control (37%). In addition, they exhibited clear antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This sustainable extraction and fabrication method not only adds value to marine waste but also produces functional biomaterials with potential applications in wound healing, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, supporting global efforts toward sustainability and circular bioeconomy.