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The article studies the calamities the migrants face in western societies. It uses Frantz Fanon's ideas of psychoanalysis to critically read and examine Jhumpa Lahiri's novel The Namesake. The novel narrates the events that occurred to an Indian family abroad for thirty-two years from 1968 to 2000. The cultural clashes a newly arrived couple from Calcutta, India encounter in Cambridge, America to the calamities their children later face are meticulously depicted in the story. Most of the novel's events revolve around Gogol Ganguli, who suffers from a duality of personality and develops double consciousness because of his Indian name. The study finds that although they distance themselves from their traditions and embrace the western culture, the migrants can not fully assimilate to the white culture and eventually develop identity crises.

Background The etiology of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is not fully understood, with factors such as subpleural blebs, bullae, visceral pleural porosity, and smoking implicated in its development and recurrence. This study evaluates the short- and long-term outcomes of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), including blebectomy, bullectomy, and pleural abrasion in PSP management. Patients and Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 consecutive patients diagnosed with PSP who underwent VATS blebectomy and mechanical pleural abrasion between 2010 and 2023. Data on patient demographics, surgical interventions, and postoperative outcomes were systematically collected and analysed. Results Of the 80 patients with PSP, 53 (66.3%) were male and 27 (33.8%) female; 36 had right-sided and 44 left-sided PSP. Chest pain and dyspnoea were the predominant symptoms. Sixty-one patients were hemodynamically stable, while 19 presented unstable. Thirty-six had small and 44 had large pneumothoraces. High-resolution computed tomography showed a Dystrophy Severity Score (DSS) of 0–3 in 41 patients and 4–6 in 39. All underwent VATS (87.5% two-port, 12.5% three-port) without conversion to thoracotomy. Surgical management included bleb/bulla excision (78/80) and pleural abrasion (100%). Complications were uncommon: pneumonia ( n  = 2), residual hemothorax ( n  = 1), intercostal neuralgia ( n  = 2). During the 36-month follow-up, two recurrences occurred, one requiring repeat VATS. No postoperative mortality was observed, confirming the safety and efficacy of VATS. Conclusion VATS blebectomy with pleural abrasion is a safe treatment for PSP, offering effective lung re-expansion with low complications and recurrence. Further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.

Abstract Diagnosing of tuberculous arthritis can be challenging due to its insidious onset and non-specific clinical presentation. A high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis. A 54-year-old butcher was admitted to an orthopedic clinic with complaints of pain, paresthesia and an enlarging mass in the left wrist, which limited finger flexion. Initially the patient was diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS); the patient had no history of tuberculosis (TB), but had direct contact with animals. On clinical examination, a small mass was found in the distal volar region of the forearm and no lymphadenopathy was observed. Despite the diagnosis the patient refused to receive TB treatment. After a period of 4 months, the patient once again exhibited symptoms of CTS. This case highlights the importance of considering TB as a potential etiology for persistent symptoms of carpal tunnel surgery. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of TB treatment can result in favorable outcomes and can prevent future recurrence.