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The research aims to study the behaviour of concrete columns reinforced with fibreglass as bars exposed to seawater. Firstly, hardened concrete properties as the compressive strength and the tensile strength were investigated at ages 14, 28, and 56 days. Secondly, the experimental testing also involved casting 18 short concrete columns that have a length of 300 mm with the cross-sectional dimensions of 100 mm × 100 mm. Six samples were plain concrete, six were reinforced with a diameter of 6 mm longitudinal fibreglass bars, and six polypropylene fibre concrete columns were reinforced with a diameter of 6 mm fibreglass bars. The results added useful information using fibreglass bars (anti-corrosion materials) as reinforced longitudinal concrete columns, so the ultimate load of the reinforced concrete column with fibreglass rod exposed to seawater was 174.8 kN that it was higher than that of the plain concrete column at 104.9 kN. Thus, the fibreglass reinforcement technology enhances the capacity of the columns. So, it could be used in non-impacting structural parts. Meanwhile, the ultimate load of the fibre-reinforced concrete column with fibreglass rod exposed to seawater was 201.8 kN. It is 15.4% higher than that of the ultimate axial load of the reinforced concrete column with fibreglass rods only. Also, the results achieved of this research were encouraging, as the maximum failure load for short columns reinforced with fibreglass rods reached approximately 84 to 87% of failure load relative to polypropylene fibre concrete columns containing reinforcing fibreglass bars. As a result, the structural behaviour bars have been enhanced using fibreglass rod and polypropylene fibre.

Earth units compressed and stabilized are friendly construction materials and sustainable from point of view of efficiency in using energy and lowering cost. However, it has lower properties and strength when compared with fired clay brick and concrete. The possibility of producing earth units compressed from soil stabilized with cement and pozzolana were investigated in this study. Soil samples were extracted from a pit at depth 1m under topsoil from Al-Zaafarania region in Baghdad. Results of the testing soils showed that the bulk density, moisture content, specific gravity and plasticity index performed satisfactory and suitable to produce such like soil units. Different percentage of cement and silica fume as a stabilizer. Soil units compressed with 20 N/mm2 pressed by a hydraulic loading machine. The unit's strength significantly increase with increasing silica fumes content, decreasing the absorption water rate, and raises density of units.

Two groups of rectangular beams, comprising of six specimens, the first group (L) were provided with four longitudinal bars, one at each corner while the second groups of beams (S) were fully reinforced with longitudinal bars and transverse reinforcement. Each group consisted of three beams. Two beams have been strengthened with ultra high performance fiber concrete (UHPFC) on four sides having a thickness of (15mm - 25mm) and one control beam. The variables considered in the experimental study include the transverse reinforcement ratios and the effect of thickness of UHPFC wrap. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed technique at ultimate torque for strengthening beams and behavioral curves. Strengthened RC beams fully wrapped with a thin layer of UHPFC exhibit an enhanced torsional strength when compared to control beam. Results reveal that the transverse reinforcement ratios by 0.66%, increases the UHPFC contribution to torsional strength of strengthened beams with a 15 thick UHPFC; and by up to 7% for strengthened beams with a 25 thick UHPFC, respectively when compared to same strengthened beams without stirrup. It is found that the ultimate torque of beams with a 25 mm thin layer UHPFC is greater than beams with 15 mm by (28% and 28.3%) for the groups L and S, respectively.

Iraq suffers from a housing problem, especially if it knows that there is a huge population deficit in Iraq estimated at more than 3 million housing units corresponding to a large variation in housing construction rates. Which led to the aggravation of the housing problem in the country. Therefore, it requires the responsible authorities to accelerate the adoption of a new strategy to solve the housing problem. The principle of establishing low cost residential complexes is based on adopting multi-storey residential buildings of 3 to 4 floors. The characteristic of these buildings in terms of suitable population densities, effective and economical use of the land. Thus, reducing housing costs to meet the large deficit and the growing population demand. For the target year 2040, the expected population of Baghdad will be increasing 11174249 people. So, the estimate of the housing need for the city of Baghdad 2040 need to 1196340 housing units. General, adoption of multi-storey housing (3-4) is the solution to eliminate the housing problem.

The investment of sustainable renewable energy has become an essential element in every modern country’s survival and well-being. This study aims to establish a framework for the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to select the best investment in sustainable renewable energy in Iraq. A survey was conducted with a panel of experts from different backgrounds and affiliations in the renewable energy field to assess seven criteria and four alternatives using the AHP technique. The findings showed that the results highlight the importance of power and environmental criteria and determine the best investment to achieve solar energy desired as the highest priority and can be carried out by organizations.