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To demonstrate the long-term outcome of a symptom-solving treatment model (SSTM). An observational study was carried out between June 2016 and December 2022 in our private setup on consecutive candidates of hysterectomy for severe pelvic endometriosis. Candidates were treated by the SSTM, which constitutes a systematic vagino-laparoscopic conservative strategy of hysterectomy with preservation of the ovary or ovaries followed by 24 months of postoperative depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) therapy. Cases were followed up to December 2022, 2.5 years beyond the last hysterectomy in May 2020. Relief of endometriosis-associated symptoms and prevention of recurrence in the long term. Symptomatic relief of endometriosis-related pain, such as cyclical dysmenorrhoea, pelvic pain, dyschezia, and vaginal pain, occurred in all 68 (100%) cases from the next expected date of menstruation. None of the cases showed a recurrence of endometriosis-related pelvic pain; overall, 37 (54.41%) cases crossed 4-6 years, and 31 (45.58%) cases crossed 2.5-4.0 years following the hysterectomy operation. Four (5.88%) cases had non-endometriotic pelvic pain. None of the cases required repeat surgery or had any major side effects or complications due to DMPA. No major perioperative complications were observed. The results were achieved without the requirement of challenging extensive retroperitoneal laparoscopic dissection, ureterolysis, and rectum surgeries. This SSTM can be an option in indicated cases of severe pelvic endometriosis to provide symptom relief and prevent the recurrence of endometriosis-associated pelvic pain in the long term.

Automated techniques for Arabic content recognition are at a beginning period contrasted with their partners for the Latin and Chinese contents recognition. There is a bulk of handwritten Arabic archives available in libraries, data centers, historical centers, and workplaces. Digitization of these documents facilitates (1) to preserve and transfer the country’s history electronically, (2) to save the physical storage space, (3) to proper handling of the documents, and (4) to enhance the retrieval of information through the Internet and other mediums. Arabic handwritten character recognition (AHCR) systems face several challenges including the unlimited variations in human handwriting and the leakage of large and public databases. In the current study, the segmentation and recognition phases are addressed. The text segmentation challenges and a set of solutions for each challenge are presented. The convolutional neural network (CNN), deep learning approach, is used in the recognition phase. The usage of CNN leads to significant improvements across different machine learning classification algorithms. It facilitates the automatic feature extraction of images. 14 different native CNN architectures are proposed after a set of try-and-error trials. They are trained and tested on the HMBD database that contains 54,115 of the handwritten Arabic characters. Experiments are performed on the native CNN architectures and the best-reported testing accuracy is 91.96%. A transfer learning (TF) and genetic algorithm (GA) approach named “HMB-AHCR-DLGA” is suggested to optimize the training parameters and hyperparameters in the recognition phase. The pre-trained CNN models (VGG16, VGG19, and MobileNetV2) are used in the later approach. Five optimization experiments are performed and the best combinations are reported. The highest reported testing accuracy is 92.88%.

Date seed grinding remains a significant challenge limiting the utilization of this valuable agricultural by-product.\" In this study, a compact date seeds grinding unit was designed, tested, and evaluated. The machine has two primary: a pair of toothed cylinders and a hammer mill. The machine’s performance was assessed in terms of throughput, specific energy consumption, and mean particle size of the product. First, the cylindrical section was tested under various conditions, including cylinder rotational speed (150, 250, 350, and 450 rpm), feed gate opening size (30, 37.5, and 45 cm 2 ), and the clearance between cylinders (0, 1, and 2 mm). The feedforward neural network (FNN) framework predicated the optimal operating conditions for this part, which were recorded as 150 rpm cylinder rotational speed, 45 cm 2 feed gate opening, and 2 mm cylinder clearance. This optimal operational condition was utilized as the starting conditions for subsequent testing of the hammer mill section. Then, the hammer mill was tested with different hammer rotational speeds (1250, 1500, and 1750 rpm) and screen hole diameters (2, 4, and 6 mm) underneath the hammers. The FNN model was again employed to predicate the most suitable operating parameters for the grinding unit. The key results included the optimal operational parameters at 150 rpm cylinder rotational speed, 2 mm clearance, 45 cm 2 feeding area, 1750 rpm hammer speed, and 6 mm screen hole diameter. That operational condition resulted in 30 kg/h for machine’s throughput, 49 kW h/ton specific energy consumption, and 2.14 mm mean product size. With FNN model accuracy R 2 of 0.99974, demonstrating high prediction reliability. Meanwhile, the operating cost was 0.027 $/kg, suitable for small to medium-scale operations. The significance of these findings lies in the development of an efficient, versatile milling solution for date seeds and similar agricultural materials. This research pioneers the application of machine learning in optimizing date seed processing, potentially revolutionizing agricultural waste valorization and opening new avenues for sustainable resource utilization.

Over the last decade, biomedical nanomaterials have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable biological properties and diverse applications in biomedicine. Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are particularly notable for their wide range of medicinal uses, including antibacterial, anticancer, biosensing, cell imaging, and drug/gene delivery. Among these, zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs stand out for their versatility and effectiveness. Recently, ZnO NPs have become a primary material in various sectors, such as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, antimicrobials, construction, textile, and automotive industries. ZnO NPs can generate reactive oxygen species and induce cellular apoptosis, thus underpinning their potent anticancer and antibacterial properties. To meet the growing demand, numerous synthetic approaches have been developed to produce ZnO NPs. However, traditional manufacturing processes often involve significant economic and environmental costs, prompting a search for more sustainable alternatives. Intriguingly, biological synthesis methods utilizing plants, plant extracts, or microorganisms have emerged as ideal for producing ZnO NPs. These green production techniques offer numerous medicinal, economic, environmental, and health benefits. This review highlights the latest advancements in the green synthesis of ZnO NPs and their biomedical applications, showcasing their potential to revolutionize the field with eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions.

Background Cardiac evaluation is critical pre-transplant to ensure better outcomes. This retrospective observational study aimed to determine the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its predictors, and to study the impact of CAD on delayed graft function (DGF), acute rejection, graft loss, and mortality. Methods The study included all successful transplant candidates older than 14 who underwent a pre-transplant coronary angiogram. Binary logistic regression models were constructed to identify factors associated with CAD, graft failure, and patient outcomes. Results Of 259 patients, 120 (46.33%) kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) underwent angiography. Eighty-four (70%) had a normal angiogram. Twenty (17%) had single-vessel disease, 9 (8%) had two-vessel disease, and 7 (6%) had three-vessel disease. Of 164 lesions, 84 (51.8%) were < 20%, 33 (20.1%) were 20–49%, 15 (9.1%) were 50–70%, 28 (17.1%) were 70–99%, and 4 (2.4%) were occluded. Age > 50 (OR 8.73), elevated triglycerides (OR 1.87), and family history (OR 5.08) were significant predictors. CAD was associated with lower eGFR only at discharge (OR 0.92) but not at 6 months, 1, or 2 years. CAD had no significant impact on DGF, graft loss, rejection, or mortality. Conclusion CAD affects 30% of KTRs. Age, elevated triglyceride, and family history of CAD are the various predictors of CAD. CAD does not affect long-term outcomes.

Pheochromocytoma (PCC) is a neuroendocrine tumor that produces and secretes catecholamine from either the adrenal medulla or extra-adrenal locations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miR) can be used as biomarkers to detect cancer or the return of a previously treated disease. Blood-borne miRNAs might be envisioned as noninvasive markers of malignancy or prognosis, and new studies demonstrate that microRNAs are released in body fluids as well as tissues. MiRNAs have the potential to be therapeutic targets, which would greatly increase the restricted therapy options for adrenal tumors. This article aims to consolidate and synthesize the most recent studies on miRNAs in PCC, discussing their potential clinical utility as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers while also addressing their limitations.

A 35-day trial was set to explore the effects of different dietary zinc sources on growth, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) mRNA expression, meat quality, immune response, antioxidant activity, and immunohistochemistry of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κ7B) of broiler chickens. Ross 308 broiler chicks ( n  = 156) were randomly assigned into four experimental groups. The G1 received the basal control diet without zinc supplementation; the G2, G3, and G4 were supplemented with zinc oxide, zinc lysine, and nano zinc oxide, respectively, at a level of 40 mg Zn/kg diet. The data revealed that nano zinc oxide linearly improved the overall growth performance parameters. Nano zinc oxide linearly elevated ( P  < 0.001) mRNA expression of IGF-I followed by G3. The pH value of breast muscle in G4 shows a linearly decreasing value ( P  < 0.001). Also, the linearly highest expressible release volume percentage and lightness (L*) value with the lowest redness (a*) value ( P  < 0.05) were recorded in G4 and G3. A numerical increase in the total antibody titer was recorded on the 35 th day in the G3 and G4. A numerical elevation in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and a numerical reduction in the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) were recorded in the G4. The section of the liver from G4 revealed significantly very low expression of NF-κB staining. It is concluded that nano zinc oxide is considered the more trending zinc source. It had no negative effects on the health status and can be used in broiler diet premix.

Natural and chemical colorants are attracting a lot of attention as sustainable feed additives due to their effect on food color and because presentation matters to consumers. Color also is a major sensory factor that helps consumers determine food quality and its possible health benefits. For example, highly colored egg yolks can only come from healthy laying hens fed a well-balanced, nutrient-rich diet. Consumers associate an intense yolk color with healthy, nutrient-rich food. There is a growing market request for eggs with rich yolk coloring. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the impact of natural (paprika) and chemical (carmoisine) colorant supplementation on the performance, egg-quality characteristics, yolk fatty-acid profile, and blood constituents in laying hens. A total of 240 Bovans laying hens were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design in four treatments according to four experimental diets: a control diet (without supplementation of any colorants), a control diet supplemented with 4 kg/ton paprika, a control diet supplemented with 150 g carmoisine/ton, and a control diet supplemented with a combination of 4 kg/ton paprika plus 150 g carmoisine/ton, fed from 42 to 54 weeks of age. Each treatment consisted of 10 replications with six hens. Dietary inclusion of paprika colorant improved (p < 0.05) the feed-conversion ratio and egg-production rate, while final body weight, weight change, feed intake, and egg weight and mass were not affected. The degrees of egg yolk and white were increased (p < 0.05) by the dietary supplements. Yolk color and shell thickness were enhanced (p < 0.05) by adding paprika and/or carmoisine colorants. Supplementation of the paprika colorant alone or in combination with carmoisine increased (p < 0.05) linolenic acid, oleic acid, and vitamin E concentrations in egg yolks. In contrast, egg yolk palmitic acid and liver malondialdehyde contents were decreased (p < 0.05). Paprika and carmoisine colorants and their combination improved (p < 0.05) blood lipid profile in treated hens. We concluded that the dietary supplementation of natural (paprika) colorants has an influential role in improving egg yolk color, production performance, and egg yolk fatty-acid profile in laying hens.

While metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) includes the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as one of the criteria to define metabolic dysregulation, the newly proposed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has removed this criterion. We investigated whether the HOMA-IR can serve as an independent predictive marker for significant fibrosis in subjects with MAFLD. This is a cross-sectional multicenter study. We enrolled a total of 364 patients diagnosed with MAFLD. We conducted a multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between HOMA-IR and advanced stages of liver fibrosis (F ≥ 2), as assessed by the FIB-4 score and liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Each unit increase in insulin resistance, as measured by HOMA-IR, was associated with a 16% higher likelihood of displaying significant fibrosis, as determined by a non-invasive scoring test, regardless of diabetes or BMI status. HOMA-IR was independently associated with significant fibrosis in non-diabetic (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07–1.21, P < 0.001) and diabetic (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00–1.06, P = 0.03) patients. Moreover, significant fibrosis in lean was independently linked to HOMA-IR (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12, P = 0.03) and non-lean (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.07, P < 0.001) patients. Insulin resistance measured by HOMA-IR should be assessed in patients with MAFLD as a key factor of disease progression and incorporated into the disease diagnostic criteria.