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ABSTRACT Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of suture-less small incision cataract surgery (SICS) on the postoperative astigmatism refractive error compared to the effect of phacoemulsification.Background: [...]manual small incision techniques are gaining popularity, as they are quick,relativelyinexpensivetechniquesforlarge-scale cataract management in developing countries. The preoperative examination included uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), refraction, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), color vision testing, pupillary light reflex testing, slit-lamp assessment of the anteriorsegment,intraocularpressuremeasurementby the schiotz tonometer, and posterior segment examination done by Ophthalmoscope and OCT. The information reviewed and documented in this study included patients' sex, age, preoperative and postoperative UCVA,BCVA, preoperative clinical diagnosis, preoperative and postoperative corneal astigmatism, and astigmatic axis using keratometric readings, calculating surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), and intraoperative and postoperative complications.