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Bacterial inoculation stimulates growth and adaptation in micropropagated plants. This study evaluated the effects of biotization on in vitro seedling production and in vivo adaptation in two potato cultivars, Agatha and Duvira. Nine bacterial strains were tested for hormone production and ACC deaminase activity and then inoculated in vitro and re-inoculated in vivo. Growth, adaptation, and tuber production were assessed. Biotization significantly enhanced seedling growth, survival, and tuber yield. Biotized seedlings had a 1.3-fold higher survival rate than the controls. Azospirillum brasilense Ab-V5 and Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 promoted at least one growth variable in both cultivars under in vitro and in vivo conditions. A. brasilense Ab-V5 consistently improved plant performance across production stages, with re-inoculated plants showing 1.2–1.3-fold increases in stem and root length and a 1.1-fold gain in total dry biomass. Additionally, inoculated plants produced 1.9 times more tubers than the controls. Biotization effects were strain-dependent, with A. brasilense Ab-V5 improving in vitro seedling quality and enhancing plant performance and survivability in vivo.

Pulses provide distinct health benefits due to their low fat content and high protein and fiber contents. Their grain production reaches approximately 93,210 × 103 tons per year. Pulses benefit from the symbiosis with atmospheric N2-fixing bacteria, which increases productivity and reduces the need for N fertilizers, thus contributing to mitigation of environmental impact mitigation. Additionally, the root region harbors a rich microbial community with multiple traits related to plant growth promotion, such as nutrient increase and tolerance enhancement to abiotic or biotic stresses. We reviewed the eight most common pulses accounting for almost 90% of world production: common beans, chickpeas, peas, cowpeas, mung beans, lentils, broad beans, and pigeon peas. We focused on updated information considering both single-rhizobial inoculation and co-inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. We found approximately 80 microbial taxa with PGPR traits, mainly Bacillus sp., B. subtilis, Pseudomonas sp., P. fluorescens, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and that contributed to improve plant growth and yield under different conditions. In addition, new data on root, nodule, rhizosphere, and seed microbiomes point to strategies that can be used to design new generations of biofertilizers, highlighting the importance of microorganisms for productive pulse systems.

The use of growth-promoting bacteria in agriculture has been highlighted for its potential to improve crop yield, facilitate plant growth, and increase stress tolerance. The use of inoculants based on Azospirillum brasilense may become an alternative to the application of agricultural inputs for being able to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphates, and produce phytohormones, besides its potential to reduce the use of fertilizers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different frequencies of Azospirillum brasilense application via soil on strawberry cultivation, measuring phytotechnical, physiological, nutritional, and anatomical characteristics. Strawberry cv. Pircinque seedlings from in vitro cultivation were acclimatized, transplanted into pots, and maintained in a greenhouse. Five treatments were used, consisting of (T1) single inoculation; (T2) inoculation every 15 days; (T3) inoculation every 30 days; (T4) control with complete nutrient solution without inoculation; and (T5) control with reduced nutrient solution without inoculation. The nutrient solution was applied every 15 days in the controls. Plants with biweekly inoculations were superior to the controls and other treatments in terms of phytotechnical and physiological characteristics, and also resulted in higher densities of total bacteria, measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The treatment with a single application of the inoculant resulted in significant increases in root length and dry biomass. Therefore, inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense demonstrates promising results in terms of reducing fertilizer demand and eliciting a positive response to inoculation.

Las rizobacterias forman parte de la gran cantidad de microorganismos que actúan como agentes de biocontrol, produciendo metabolitos que inducen resistencia sistémica en las plantas que inhiben el crecimiento de patógenos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la capacidad de diez rizobacterias de los géneros Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Ochrobactrum y Pseudomonas para producir ácido cianhídrico (HCN), sideróforos y ácido indol-acético (AIA), disolver fosfato, fijar nitrógeno e inhibir el crecimiento de fitopatógenos. Se realizaron todas las pruebas fisiológicas y bioquímicas correspondientes, así como la prueba de antagonismo in vitro contra los fitopatógenos Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides y Rhizoctonia solani.  Cinco cepas produjeron una mayor cantidad de AIA en relación a las otras en presencia de triptófano, la cepa ES1 (Ochrobactrum sp.) produjo HCN, el 50 % de las cepas evaluadas liberaron sideróforos, el 60 % disolvió fósforo, y todas resultaron positivas para la fijación de nitrógeno. Nueve cepas inhibieron el crecimiento de F. oxysporum entre 40 % y 65 %, la cepa Alf (Pseudomonas fluorescens) inhibió además el crecimiento de C. gloeosporioides en un 22 %, y ninguna inhibió el crecimiento de R. solani. Los rizobios evaluados y la cepa de Pseudomonas fluorescens podrían ejercer efectos beneficiosos sobre las plantas a través de mecanismos directos e indirectos, o una combinación de ambos, lo que las convierte en una opción sostenible para la producción de cultivos.