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Abstract BodyUaccompanied migrant youth represent an at-risk population given the complexity of negotiating adolescence in a new culture, isolated from family and friends, without a secure base and subject to discrimination. In addition, many unaccompanied migrant youth have been subject to considerable trauma prior to, during, and post migration. In Spain, as in many countries, the residential, care, and mental health services are not adapted to the specific and complex needs of this population, and to that end complex not only are the youth not well served but providers are increasingly frustrated. The figure of the community health agent has been widely recognized as one that can function as an effective bridge between systems/institutions and marginalized and vulnerable populations. In this presentation we will describe an ongoing project that trains unaccompanied migrant youth who show promise in their cultural adaptation in the areas of cultural competence, mental health care and substance abuse to function as community health agents (or peer counselors) consistent with models of cultural consultation.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

The number of UMY in Spain is increasing, since the early 1990s, mostly coming from the Maghreb, although the number of those coming from different sub-Saharan African countries has gradually increased. Most of them leave their countries fleeing poverty, violence, and in search of better opportunities. They may be influenced by traumatic experiences and social stressors that can lead to emotional distress and mental health problems. They have particular needs and characteristics, so the local Child Protection Systems need to adapt their procedures to facilitate the youngsters’ social Integration and psychosocial development. This presentation will describe an ongoing project being carried out in Catalonia, the main objective is to guarantee the right to mental health of UMY in the Protection System through culturally competent biopsychosocial care, and to effectively coordinate care between the public mental health network and the Child Protection System. Finally, through training and the acquisition of competencies, the aim is to avoid burnout in professionals who care for these youths on the front line. The approach is consistent with the cultural consultation models developed in Montreal and London with the goal of providing structural support for localized and culturally competent responses. This project, to be developed over two years, has four main subprojects: 1. On-line training for professionals in “Cultural competence in mental health and psychosocial intervention”. 2. Training of “peer” UMY as “Community Mental Health Agents”. 3. Creation and implementation of multidisciplinary groups of psychosocial intervention. 4. Culturally competent psychiatric and psychological assessment.

Background/Objectives: Parietin (PTN), a blue-light absorbing pigment from Teloschistes spp. lichens, exhibit photosensitizing properties via Type I (superoxide anion, O2•−) and Type II (singlet oxygen, 1O2) mechanisms, inactivating bacteria in vitro after photoexcitation. We evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of PTN against Candida tropicalis biofilms under actinic irradiation, its role in O2•− and 1O2 production, and the cellular stress response. Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PTN was determined in C. tropicalis NCPF 3111 under dark and actinic light conditions. Biofilm susceptibility was assessed at MIC/2, MIC, MICx2, MICx4, and MICx6 in the same conditions, and viability was measured by colony-forming units. Photodynamic mechanisms were examined using Tiron (O2•− scavenger) or sodium azide (1O2 quencher). O2•− production was measured by the nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction and nitric oxide (NO) generation by Griess assay. Total antioxidant capacity was studied by FRAP (Ferrous Reduction Antioxidant Potency) assay and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by NBT assay. Results: Photoexcitation of PTN reduced C. tropicalis biofilm viability by four logs at MICx2. Sodium azide partially reversed the effect, whereas Tiron fully inhibited it, indicating the critical role of O2•−. PTN also increased O2•− and NO levels, enhancing SOD activity and FRAP. However, this antioxidant response was insufficient to prevent biofilm photoinactivation. Conclusions: Photoinactivation of C. tropicalis biofilms by PTN is primarily mediated by O2•−, with a minor contribution from 1O2 and an imbalance in NO levels. These findings suggest PTN is a promising photosensitizer for antifungal photodynamic therapy.

Plant stress detection involves the process of Identification, Classification, Quantification, and Prediction (ICQP) in crop stress. Numerous approaches exist for plant stress identification; however, a majority rely on expert personnel or invasive techniques. While expert employees demonstrate proficiency across various plants, this approach demands a substantial workforce to ensure the quality of crops. Conversely, invasive techniques entail leaf dismemberment. To overcome these challenges, an alternative is to employ image processing to interpret areas where plant geometry is observable, eliminating the dependency on skilled labor or the need for crop dismemberment. However, this alternative introduces the challenge of accurately interpreting ambiguous image features. Motivated by the latter, we propose a methodology for plant stress detection using 3D reconstruction and deep learning from a single RGB image. For that, our methodology has three steps. First, the plant recognition step provides the segmentation, location, and delimitation of the crop. Second, we propose a leaf detection analysis to classify and locate the boundaries between the different leaves. Finally, we use a Deep Neural Network (DNN) and the 3D reconstruction for plant stress detection. Experimental results are encouraging, showing that our approach has high performance under real-world scenarios. Also, the proposed methodology has 22.86% higher precision, 24.05% higher recall, and 23.45% higher F1-score than the 2D classification method.

Hormone blockers are defined as substances that suppress the release of sex hormones, thus inhibiting the development of secondary sexual characteristics in teenagers. There is currently an increase in young people seeking healthcare services due to a mismatch between their birth-assigned gender and their perceived or self-identified gender. In early childhood, individuals are not usually affected by their physical appearance. Dysphoria may arise during the initial stages of adolescence and if the self-perceived gender does not align with the external appearance. This may have a negative impact on adolescents’ mental health. Could the use of hormone blockers have a positive effect on mental health? The primary objective of this review is to assess whether the use of hormone blockers can have positive effects on the mental health of transgender youth. The review also seeks to evaluate the usage of hormone blockers and the diagnosis of gender dysphoria. A literature search of scientific evidence was conducted across various databases—PUBMED, CUIDEN, ELSEVIER, COCHRANE, DIMENSIONS, SCIELO, PSYCINFO, and CINAHL—alongside a review of the latest publications in high-impact scientific journals and the gray literature. The following terms were used: , , , , , , and . A time period was specified, covering the last ten years (2014–2024). The initial search identified a total of 290 references, which were subsequently narrowed down to 5 studies, with 1 additional study retrieved through other methods. The literature findings are clear. They show that the use of hormone blockers in transgender adolescents can be beneficial, as a reduction in mental health issues was observed during and after their use. Mental healthcare in transgender teenagers is of crucial importance to their physical, psychological, social, and academic spheres. It is also very important for their families. Nurses must be aware of this knowledge to improve the care provided to these individuals and their families during the difficult time surrounding decisions about the use of hormone blockers.

Landing zone detection of autonomous aerial vehicles is crucial for locating suitable landing areas. Currently, landing zone localization predominantly relies on methods that use RGB cameras. These sensors offer the advantage of integration into the majority of autonomous vehicles. However, they lack depth perception, which can lead to the suggestion of non-viable landing zones, as they only assess an area using RGB information. They do not consider if the surface is irregular or accessible for a user (easily accessible to a person on foot). An alternative approach is to utilize 3D information extracted from depth images, but this introduces the challenge of correctly interpreting depth ambiguity. Motivated by the latter, we propose a methodology for 3D landing zone segmentation using a DNN-Superpixel approach. This methodology consists of three steps: First, the proposal involves clustering depth information using superpixels to segment, locate, and delimit zones within the scene. Second, we propose feature extraction from adjacent objects through a bounding box of the analyzed area. Finally, this methodology uses a Deep Neural Network (DNN) to segment a 3D area as landable or non-landable, considering its accessibility. The experimental results are feasible and promising. For example, the landing zone detection achieved an average recall of 0.953, meaning that this approach identified 95.3% of the pixels according to the ground truth. In addition, we have an average precision of 0.949, meaning that this approach segments 94.9% of the landing zones correctly.

Central nervous system ischemic injury features neuronal dysfunction, inflammation and breakdown of vascular integrity. Here we show that activation of endothelial caspase-9 after hypoxia-ischemia is a critical event in subsequent dysfunction of the blood-retina barrier, using a panel of interrelated ophthalmic in vivo imaging measures in a mouse model of retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Rapid nonapoptotic activation of caspase-9 and its downstream effector caspase-7 in endothelial cells promotes capillary ischemia and retinal neurodegeneration. Topical eye-drop delivery of a highly selective caspase-9 inhibitor provides morphological and functional retinal protection. Inducible endothelial-specific caspase-9 deletion phenocopies this protection, with attenuated retinal edema, reduced inflammation and preserved neuroretinal morphology and function following RVO. These results reveal a non-apoptotic function of endothelial caspase-9 which regulates blood-retina barrier integrity and neuronal survival, and identify caspase-9 as a therapeutic target in neurovascular disease. Retinal vein occlusion can cause blindness, and features neuronal dysfunction, inflammation and breakdown of vascular integrity. Here the authors report a non-apoptotic role of endothelial caspase-9 in regulating blood-retina barrier integrity and neuronal survival, which can be therapeutically targeted in a mouse model of retinal vein occlusion.

IntroductionThe use of social networks is an integral part of our daily life as a means of communication. Scientific dissemination through these kind of platforms has expanded enormously in recent years, for example in networks such as Instagram, a free photo, text messaging and video sharing social media application. Instagram has been used extensively in different fields of medicine. Initially it was limited to visually rich fields but it has been extended to others such as mental health. This tool has enormous potential as a means of more effective communication and prevention.ObjectivesTo analyze the role of Instagram as a tool of psychoeducation and prevention in mental healthMethodsAn analysis of different mental health profiles was carried based on different items: publications, interactions, likes, commentaries, shares, accounts reached, accounts engaged and hashtags.ResultsMental health has become one of the sanitary fields generating more traffic on social media reaching a great number of publications per day. Topics that generated more interaction were: depression, anxiety, trauma, sleep and emotion regulation difficulties among others. However most mental health information available in social media had not been provided by proffessinals of the mental health but by many others.ConclusionsInstagram is presented as a valuable mental health prevention tool and professionals should engage and adapt to new scenarios of communication. In the era where information is easy to get but knowledge is difficult to find, experts of mental health should more involved.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder, which manifests in many organ systems including the lungs. Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of CF lung disease leading to bronchiectasis and lung function decline. This is worsened by airway colonization and recurrent infections due to opportunistic pathogens such as [PA], but the crosstalk between host-bronchial epithelium and immune system has been under characterized. Extracellular vesicles have been found to mediate intercellular crosstalk in different lung diseases and EVs have been shown to be increased in the bronchoalveolar fluid of CF patients. We hypothesize that EVs from PA-infected CF bronchial epithelial cells can modulate pro-inflammatory cytokines and neutrophil migration and activation in an autocrine and paracrine manner. CF bronchial epithelial cells (CFBEs) and control bronchial epithelial cells (16HBEs) were infected with PA for 24 hours followed by EV isolation, which were used to treat uninfected CFBE and 16HBEs to assess expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory markers. In addition, the effects of EVs on neutrophil migration and activation were determined as well as the role of CFTR deficiency by using CFTR modulator therapy (Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor). EVs derived from PA infected CFBEs (EVpPAs) increased IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα expression and neutrophil activation in CFBEs but not in 16HBEs. Interestingly, the effect of EVpPAs on inflammation was not attenuated by pre-treatment with ETI. EVs from the PA-infected CF bronchial epithelium seem to facilitate an autocrine and paracrine pro-inflammatory response that is not attenuated by ETI treatment, suggesting a novel contribution of EVs to the chronic inflammatory phenotype observed in the PA-infected CF lung.

Background Role-emerging settings – those where occupational therapy (OT) services have not traditionally been provided – are common sites for practice placements of entry-level occupational therapy students. A growing body of literature has attempted to determine the value and drawbacks of such practice placements on the professional preparedness of OT students with mixed findings. Benefits have been identified, including increased cultural understanding, advocacy, creativity, initiative, and problem-solving skills. However, OT students have been reported to perceive such placement as limiting their professional growth and preparedness to practice compared to traditional placements. Methods A phenomenological study was conducted seeking the perceptions of OT students ( n  = 14) about their clinical placement at a role-emerging site. Recorded semi-structured interviews were conducted by trained interviewers within two weeks of the end of clinical placement. The recordings were transcribed verbatim and then coded using an iterative multi-coder inductive approach. Inter-coder agreement, reflectivity, and audit trail were maintained. Results Three themes emerged from the analysis: (1) integrating independence and support, (2) becoming occupational therapists, and (3) filling a gap. These themes reflect students’ positive perceptions of their role-emerging clinical placement. They felt that this placement allowed them to develop self-confidence and professional identity as occupational therapists and learn new skills while simultaneously filling a gap in services for clients. Most importantly, they felt that this placement prepared them for their future OT practice. Conclusion This finding and their resounding support of the experience suggest that OT students can perceive role-emerging placement as a solid foundation for clinical practice. Factors, included in this placement, that may have contributed to their experience include the level of support provided, time available for learning including space to make mistakes, and freedom from productivity and payor requirements.