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Patient-centered communication (PCC) is one important component of patient-centered care and seen as a goal for most clinical encounters. Previous research has shown that higher PCC is related to an increase in healthy behaviors and less morbidity, among other outcomes. Given its importance, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) commissioned a monograph in 2007 to synthesize the existing literature on PCC and determine measurement objectives and strategies for measuring this construct, with a particular focus on cancer survivors. Based on this effort, a seven-item PCC scale was included on the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS), a probability-based survey of the US adult population. This study used HINTS data collected in 2018 to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PCC scale for the general US adult population including measures of reliability and validity. Through an exploratory factor analysis, the seven-item PCC scale was shown to be unidimensional with good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .92). A confirmatory factor analysis verified the factor structure. Other construct validity metrics included known groups and discriminant validity. Known group comparisons were conducted for several sociodemographic factors and health self-efficacy confirming a priori assumptions. Discriminant validity tests with measures of social support and anxiety/depression showed relatively weak associations. The psychometric properties of this scale demonstrate its scientific utility for both surveillance research and other smaller-scale studies. Given its association with many health outcomes, it can also be used to better understand the dynamics in a clinical encounter.

Access to high-quality internet plays an increasingly important role in supporting care delivery and health information access. Although internet access has the potential to alleviate some inequities in health care, the digital divide negatively impacts cancer across the continuum. While subscription to high-speed internet has been previously assessed, satisfaction with home internet to meet the health needs of users is a lesser-known, important indicator of satisfactory access to internet-based health information and digital health technology use. This study aimed to assess differences in perceptions of quality of at-home internet connection and its association to cancer health information-seeking experiences and use of digital health technologies in a nationally representative sample of US adults. Secondary analysis of data from the National Cancer Institute's Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 2022 (n=6252) was conducted. The primary predictor, \"how satisfied are you with your Internet connection at home to meet health-related needs?,\" a novel item on HINTS 6, was dichotomized into \"high\" (extremely satisfied or very satisfied) and \"low\" (somewhat satisfied, not very satisfied, or not at all satisfied) satisfaction. Outcomes variables included 3 items assessing cancer information-seeking experiences and 2 items measuring access to telehealth and patient portals over the past 12 months. Adjusted logistic regression models (P<.05) were performed, including age, race and ethnicity, education, income, health insurance access, geography, and difficulty understanding cancer information, a proxy for health literacy, as covariates. Those reporting low satisfaction with their home internet had higher odds of agreeing that searching for cancer information took a lot of effort (odds ratio [OR] 1.59, 95% CI 1.16-2.19) and that they felt frustrated searching for cancer information (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.07-1.98). Respondents with lower satisfaction with their home internet had lower odds of accessing their patient portal at least once in the past year (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33-0.89). While the relationship between internet satisfaction and concern over information quality was not significant, respondents aged 18-34 years reported higher odds to be concerned compared with those aged 75 years and older (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.04-2.90), and those with lower education reported less concern over the quality of information compared with those with postbaccalaureate degrees (high school graduate: OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.31-0.99; college graduate: OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.48-0.95). Finally, while the association between satisfaction with internet and telehealth use over the past 12 months was not significant, those without health insurance were significantly less likely to have had a telehealth appointment in the last year (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.19-0.81). Satisfaction with internet at home to meet health needs is correlated with cancer information-seeking experiences and usage of some available health technology. These findings underscore the value of high-quality internet services toward successful implementation of health care technology and better patient experiences in health information seeking.

Given the rapid changes in the communication landscape brought about by participative Internet use and social media, it is important to develop a better understanding of these technologies and their impact on health communication. The first step in this effort is to identify the characteristics of current social media users. Up-to-date reporting of current social media use will help monitor the growth of social media and inform health promotion/communication efforts aiming to effectively utilize social media. The purpose of the study is to identify the sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with current adult social media users in the United States. Data came from the 2007 iteration of the Health Information National Trends Study (HINTS, N = 7674). HINTS is a nationally representative cross-sectional survey on health-related communication trends and practices. Survey respondents who reported having accessed the Internet (N = 5078) were asked whether, over the past year, they had (1) participated in an online support group, (2) written in a blog, (3) visited a social networking site. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of each type of social media use. Approximately 69% of US adults reported having access to the Internet in 2007. Among Internet users, 5% participated in an online support group, 7% reported blogging, and 23% used a social networking site. Multivariate analysis found that younger age was the only significant predictor of blogging and social networking site participation; a statistically significant linear relationship was observed, with younger categories reporting more frequent use. Younger age, poorer subjective health, and a personal cancer experience predicted support group participation. In general, social media are penetrating the US population independent of education, race/ethnicity, or health care access. Recent growth of social media is not uniformly distributed across age groups; therefore, health communication programs utilizing social media must first consider the age of the targeted population to help ensure that messages reach the intended audience. While racial/ethnic and health status-related disparities exist in Internet access, among those with Internet access, these characteristics do not affect social media use. This finding suggests that the new technologies, represented by social media, may be changing the communication pattern throughout the United States.

Despite a decade's worth of exposure to health information on the Internet, the public's trust in physicians as their preferred source of health information increased from 2002 to 2008. To the Editor: The role of electronically accessible health information in clinical care has been the focus of increasing discussion nationally. 1 In 2001, we launched the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) to provide an evidentiary basis for practice and policy decisions. Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, the HINTS program provides data every 2 years from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults 18 years of age or older. 2 We analyzed data across three administrations of HINTS (6149 respondents in 2002–2003, 5586 in 2005, and 4092 in 2008) to gain a better understanding of the public's trust in and . . .

Background This study examined whether message reactance mediates the cognitive effects of messages about the causal relationship between alcohol and cancer. Methods We randomly assigned US adults ( N  = 799) recruited from a commercial online research panel to receive one of two types of messages about the alcohol-cancer link: (1) high-certainty (e.g., “Drinking alcohol causes cancer”), and (2) low-certainty, employing the modal verb “may” (e.g., “Drinking alcohol may cause cancer”). We evaluated whether message reactance mediated the effects of message certainty vs. uncertainty on (1) perceived causal certainty about the alcohol-cancer link, and (2) perceived alcohol-related cancer risk. We also explored whether heavy vs. non-heavy alcohol consumption moderated these effects. Results Message reactance mediated the effects of high-certainty (vs. low) messages on perceived causal certainty (direct: b =0.54; indirect: b =-0.11; both p s<0.001) and alcohol-related cancer risk (direct: b =0.37; indirect: b =-0.13; both p s<0.001)—suppressing the positive effects of expressed certainty on both outcomes. The suppressive effects of message reactance on perceived causal certainty were stronger for participants reporting heavy ( b =-0.50) vs. non-heavy alcohol consumption ( b =-0.35; p =.034). Conditional indirect effects for the perceived causal certainty model only remained significant for participants with non-heavy alcohol consumption ( b =-0.10; p =.004). Conclusions Effects of high-certainty (vs. low) messages were negatively mediated by message reactance and moderated by alcohol consumption. Findings suggest that although high-certainty risk messages may increase cancer risk perceptions, their effect is attenuated by inciting negative reactance to the messages, particularly for those who consume a heavy amount of alcohol. These mixed effects should be considered in future messaging initiatives aimed at communicating the alcohol-cancer relationship to the public.

Low fruit and vegetable (FV) intake is a leading risk factor for chronic disease globally as well as in the United States. Much of the population does not consume the recommended servings of FV daily. This paper describes the development of psychosocial measures of FV intake for inclusion in the U.S. National Cancer Institute's 2007 Food Attitudes and Behaviors Survey. This was a cross-sectional study among 3,397 adults from the United States. Scales included conventional constructs shown to be correlated with fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) in prior studies (e.g., self-efficacy, social support), and novel constructs that have been measured in few- to- no studies (e.g., views on vegetarianism, neophobia). FVI was assessed with an eight-item screener. Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and regression analyses were conducted. Psychosocial scales with Cronbach's alpha ≥0.68 were self-efficacy, social support, perceived barriers and benefits of eating FVs, views on vegetarianism, autonomous and controlled motivation, and preference for FVs. Conventional scales that were associated (p<0.05) with FVI were self-efficacy, social support, and perceived barriers to eating FVs. Novel scales that were associated (p<0.05) with FVI were autonomous motivation, and preference for vegetables. Other single items that were associated (p<0.05) with FVI included knowledge of FV recommendations, FVI \"while growing up\", and daily water consumption. These findings may inform future behavioral interventions as well as further exploration of other potential factors to promote and support FVI.

The purpose of this study was to examine trust in health information sources among underserved and vulnerable populations. Data (N=8,759) were from the Health Information National Trends Survey. Differences were assessed across the following subgroups: ethnoracial minorities, immigrants, rural residence, people with limited English proficiency, and sexual minorities. Trust was highest for doctors, followed by government, family/friends, charities, and religious organizations. In adjusted regression models, trusting health information from charitable and religious organizations was higher in ethnoracial minorities and immigrants. Individuals with limited English proficiency also had higher trust in religious organizations compared with those fluent in English. Trusting health information from doctors was lower among individuals with limited English proficiency. There was evidence in support of additive and multiplicative intersectional frameworks for understanding trust in vulnerable and underserved populations; however, the extent to which differences in trust explain disparities in health behaviors and outcomes should be examined.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/13300.].

Background The field of implementation science (IS) encompasses a broad range of constructs and uses measures from a variety of disciplines. However, there has been little standardization of measures or agreement on definitions of constructs across different studies, fields, authors, or research groups. Methods We describe a collaborative, web-based activity using the United States National Cancer Institute’s (NCI) Grid-Enabled Measures (GEM) portal that uses a wiki platform to focus discussion and engage the research community to enhance the quality and harmonization of measures for IS health-related research and practice. We present the history, process, and preliminary data from the GEM Dissemination & Implementation (D&I) Campaign on IS measurement. Results The GEM D&I Campaign has been ongoing for eight weeks as of this writing, and has used a combination of expert opinion and crowd-sourcing approaches. To date it has listed definitions for 45 constructs and summarized information on 120 measures. Usage of the website peaked at a rate of 124 views from 89 visitors on week seven. Users from seven countries have contributed measures and/or constructs, shared experience in using different measures, contributed comments, and identified research gaps and needs. Conclusion Thus far, this campaign has provided information about different IS measures, their associated characteristics, and comments. The next step is to rate these measures for quality and practicality. This resource and ongoing activity have potential to advance the quality and harmonization of IS measures and constructs, and we invite readers to contribute to the process.

Pre-existing neutralizing antibody (NAb) against adeno-associated virus (AAV) commonly found in primates is a major host barrier that can severely compromise gene transfer by AAV vectors. To achieve proof-of-concept success in clinical development of recombinant AAV (rAAV)-based gene therapy, it is crucial to consider the potential interference of NAb and to enroll serologically compatible study subjects. In this study, we report a large AAV NAb dataset comprising multiple large animal species and AAV serotypes and compare two NAb assays based on or transduction inhibition, respectively. Together with previously published AAV seroepidemiology studies, these data can serve as a reference for selecting suitable serotypes, study subjects of large animal species, and potentially human patients for rAAV treatment. In addition, we modeled the intrathalamus rAAV9 delivery in the presence of circulating anti-AAV9 NAb generated by either pre-immunization or passive transfer of NAb-positive large animal serum to mice. The data showed that circulating NAb may not be the sole determinant to inhibit brain transduction. Other aspects of pre-existing AAV immunity following natural infection or rAAV administration may be further studied to establish a more accurate inclusion criterion for clinical studies employing intraparenchymal rAAV9 injections.