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Hydrogel delivery systems are popular dosage forms that have a number of advantages, such as ease of use, painlessness, increased efficiency due to prolongation of rheological, swelling and sorption characteristics, regulation of drug release, and stimulus sensitivity. Particular interest is shown in hydrogels of cellulose ether derivatives due to the possibility of obtaining their modified forms to vary the solubility, the degree of prolonged action, and the release of the active substance, as well as their widespread availability, affordability, and the possibility of sourcing raw materials from different sources. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC, “hypromellose”) is one of the most popular cellulose ethers in the production of medicines as a filler, coating and carrier. Research on hydrogel carriers based on polymer complexes and modified forms of HPMC using acrylic, citric, and lactic acids, PVP, chitosan, Na-CMC, and gelatin is of particular interest, as they provide the necessary rheological and swelling characteristics. There is growing interest in medical transdermal hydrogels, films, capsules, membranes, nanocrystals, and nanofibers based on HPMC with the incorporation of biologically active substances (BASs), especially those of plant origin, as antibacterial, wound-healing, antimicrobial, mucoadhesive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant agents. The aim of this article is to review modern research and achievements in the field of hydrogel systems based on cellulose ethers, particularly HPMC, analyzing their properties, methods of production, and prospects for application in medicine and pharmacy.

Cellulose-based sorbents are promising materials for wastewater treatment due to their environmental friendliness, biodegradability, and high sorption capacity. This paper presents an overview of cellulose modification methods, including carboxylation, amination, oxidation, graphene, and plasma treatments, as well as combined approaches. Their effect on key physicochemical properties, such as porosity, morphology, and chemical stability, is considered. Examples from the literature confirm the effectiveness of modified cellulose sorbents in removing heavy metal ions and organic pollutants from wastewater. The analysis shows that combined methods allow for creating materials with improved characteristics that are resistant to extreme operating conditions. The main advantages and disadvantages of cellulose sorbents, as well as challenges associated with their scalability and cost-effectiveness, are discussed. The paper emphasizes the importance of further research to advance these materials as a key element of sustainable water treatment technologies.

The study investigates the phytochemical profile, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activities of ethanol (ChL-EtOH) and ethyl acetate (ChL-EtOAc) extracts from Chamaenerion latifolium L. (ChL) harvested in Kazakhstan. The ChL-EtOH extract exhibited higher total phenolic (267.48 ± 3.44 mg GAE/g DE) and flavonoid content (24.18 ± 1.06 mg QE/g DE) compared to ChL-EtOAc. HPLC-UV-ESI/MS identified key phenolic acids and flavonoids, including gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin 3-glucoside. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups. Antioxidant assays revealed strong DPPH scavenging and FRAP activities, with ChL-EtOH showing superior results (IC50 = 21.31 ± 0.65 μg/mL and 18.13 ± 0.15 μg/mL, respectively). Additionally, ChL-EtOH displayed notable antimicrobial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as the fungal strain Candida albicans. These findings suggest that ethanol extraction is more efficient for isolating bioactive compounds from ChL, underscoring its potential for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.

The inclusion of rapeseed products in animal and poultry feeds is hindered by the presence of low-nutrient compounds like erucic acid, glucosinolates, tannins, and phytic acid, which can be harmful and reduce overall productivity. This study investigates the variability of glucosinolate content in rapeseed due to growing conditions and evaluates the impact of replacing traditional meals with rapeseed meal in animal feeds. Despite mixed results, the research highlights the potential of double-zero varieties of rapeseed and turnip rape oil in the food and feed industry. The study emphasizes the necessity of removing weed impurities and reducing fiber content to obtain high-quality rapeseed meal. Various processing methods, particularly extrusion, have been explored to enhance digestibility and reduce harmful substances. The findings demonstrate that extrusion effectively decreases glucosinolate and erucic acid content, while maintaining protein levels, making rapeseed meal a promising and cost-effective alternative to soybean and sunflower meals for broiler chicken feed.

The current state of the oil refining industry is characterized by obtaining high-quality products that meet environmental requirements. An important issue is the deep processing of oil, as well as the use of oil waste as raw materials. In this regard, there is an interest in putting oil raw materials into operation through destructive processes: catalytic cracking, thermal cracking, visbreaking, coking, and processing of most of the oil waste. The article shows the possibility of producing coke with a low sulfur content from heavy oil waste from a domestic oil field. The physical and chemical properties of the extracted distillates are determined by chromatographic analysis and determined that the group-hydrocarbon composition corresponds to the composition of fractions obtained from primary atmospheric distillation. The process of obtaining of low-sulfur coke used as a conductor and oxidizer of electric current and raw materials in the production of structural material in the presence of a recycling agent from heavy oil waste from the Kumkol field was studied.

This review presents a comprehensive review of cellulose–chitosan-based biocomposites that have high potential as sustainable alternatives to synthetic polymers. These biocomposites, due to biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial properties, attract attention for wide application in various industries. This review includes modern methods for producing cellulose–chitosan composites aimed at improving their mechanical and chemical properties, such as strength, flexibility, and water resistance. Particular attention is paid to the use of composites in packaging materials, where they provide protection and durability of products, and help reduce the environmental footprint. In medicine, such composites are used for drug delivery and tissue engineering, providing controlled release of active substances and tissue regeneration. In addition, their advantages in wastewater treatment are discussed, where the composites effectively remove heavy metal ions and organic pollutants due to their high sorption capacity. This study focuses on the wide potential of cellulose–chitosan biocomposites and their role in solving environmental problems.