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"Murad, Howard"
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Cultural Stress: The Ubiquitous Stressor Hiding in Plain Sight
While most healthcare providers are generally aware of the role stress plays in disease development, few are attuned to a phenomenon I call \"Cultural Stress,\" which compounds all of life's other stressors. Cultural Stress is the constant, pervasive, ever-increasing stress of modern living. It includes overexposure to technology at the expense of in-person relationships; 24-hour connectivity, which blurs the boundaries between work and personal life; on-demand delivery of goods and services, which severs neighborhood and community relationships and results in long sedentary hours in front of our screens; the pace of technological change, which contributes to professional, economic, and social insecurity; our global economic system, which sows uncertainty as it outsources jobs overseas or to new technologies; environmental contaminants, noise, crowding, and various new sources of radiation; changes to our diet, which has become heavily reliant on a few processed commodities (corn, wheat, sugar, and soy); and changes to our urban development and transportation patterns, which result in less physical activity and more hours spent sitting in long commutes. It is the chronic nature of Cultural Stress that distinguishes it from conventional stress. Because Cultural Stress is ubiquitous, the body seldom gets a chance to recover without active intervention strategies.
Journal Article
Direct Reporting of Private Sector Cross-Border Financial Flows and Stocks in Selected African Countries
Private cross-border financial flows and stocks have grown to account for an increasingly significant part of overall transactions and positions in many African countries. Direct reporting through enterprise surveys has become a key data source to enable them to be measured accurately. The paper describes a multi-year technical assistance project in The Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Mozambique, and Nigeria, where annual enterprise surveys are now established. To varying degrees, the survey results have been incorporated into the balance of payments and International Investment Position statistics. The case studies may serve as a useful reference for other countries embarking on efforts to establish direct reporting of cross-border financial flows and stocks.
Paper
U.S. international transactions, first quarter 1993. (investment and trade statistics)
The US international transaction deficit decreased from $23.7 billion in 4th qtr 1992 to $22.2 billion in 1st qtr 1993. A surplus in investment income and a decrease in net unilateral transfers offset the trade deficit in goods and services, which increased from $12.5 billion to $14.4 billion. Capital inflow increased from $8.4 billion to $16.3 billion, and was affected by shifts in net private capital. Foreign purchases of US securities were strong, and US purchases of foreign securities were at record levels. US assets abroad increased to $3.3 billion, and foreign assets in the US increased to $19.6 billion.
Journal Article
U.S. international transactions
The US current-account deficit dropped from $7.2 billion in 4th qtr 1991 to $5.3 billion in 1st qtr 1992 because of a decline in the merchandise trade deficit and increases in service surpluses and investment income. Data, graphs and tables are presented on such topics as exchange markets, current account and capital account. Revised estimates of international transactions for 1976 through 1991 are also presented.
Journal Article
U.S. international transactions, second quarter 1991
The US current-account balance was a surplus of $3 billion in the 2nd quarter of 1991, compared with a surplus of $10.5 billion (revised) in the first quarter. Contributions from coalition partners in Operation Desert Storm on net unilateral transfers decreased sharply in the 2nd quarter and more than accounted for the decrease in the surplus. The deficit on goods, services, and income decreased to $5.2 billion from $6.4 billion. In the capital account, net recorded private capital outflows increased to $21.3 billion in the 2nd quarter from $9.4 billion in the first. US private assets abroad increased $27.1 billion, compared with an increase of $2 billion. Most of this was caused by a shift in US claims reported by US banks. Net US purchases of foreign securities were a record $13.2 billion, compared with $9.4 billion. Foreign private assets in the US increased $5.8 billion in the 2nd quarter, following a decrease of $7.4 billion in the first. The shift was more than accounted for by net foreign purchases of US securities. US liabilities reported by US banks decreased $26.7 billion, compared with a decrease of $18.8 billion.
Journal Article
U.S. international transactions, second quarter 1990
The US current-account deficit changed little from the first to the 2nd quarter of 1990, increasing from $21.7 billion to $21.8 billion. While the merchandise trade deficit continued to decrease, this was more than offset by a shift to a deficit on investment income and an increase in net unilateral transfers. In contrast to an inflow of $11.9 billion in the first quarter of 1990, net private capital flows showed an outflow of $10.5 billion in the 2nd quarter. This was the first net outflow since the 4th quarter of 1982. Among the factors that could explain a net capital outflow are: 1. a slowing of economic growth in the US relative to that abroad, 2. a shift in key interest rate differentials against the US, 3. a significant depreciation of the dollar since mid-1989, and 4. greater global competition for investment funds. US assets abroad increased $26.4 billion in the 2nd quarter. US direct investment abroad showed a net outflow of $3.1 billion in the 2nd quarter, compared with a net outflow of $9.3 billion in the first.
Journal Article
U.S. International Transactions, Third Quarter l989
The US current-account deficit decreased to $22.7 billion in the 3rd quarter of 1989. The decrease in the deficit resulted from a shift to a surplus on net service transactions. The shift, in turn, resulted from an increase in receipts of income on US direct investment abroad. In the capital accounts, US official reserve assets increased $6 billion, compared with a $12.1-billion increase in the 2nd quarter. Rapidly narrowing interest rate differentials and anticipation of still lower US interest rates led to a sharp depreciation of the dollar in July and August, mostly against Western European currencies. The merchandise trade deficit increased to $27.8 billion in the 3rd quarter from $27.6 billion in the 2nd quarter. US assets abroad increased $47.2 billion in the 3rd quarter, compared with a decrease of $0.4 billion in the 2nd.
Journal Article
5 tips for hotter skin
Look out for ingredients such as hyaluronic acid that can instantly rehydrate and refortify your skin, shea butter and vitamin C to enhance skin's elasticity and restore firmness, and cayenne pepper to stimulate circulation.
Magazine Article