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"Murray, Tony"
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High resolution DLP stereolithography to fabricate biocompatible hydroxyapatite structures that support osteogenesis
Lithography based additive manufacturing techniques, specifically digital light processing (DLP), are considered innovative manufacturing techniques for orthopaedic implants because of their potential for construction of complex geometries using polymers, metals, and ceramics. Hydroxyapatite (HA) coupons, printed using DLP, were evaluated for biological performance in supporting viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of the human cell line U2OS and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) up to 35 days in culture to determine feasibility for future use in development of complex scaffold geometries. Contact angle, profilometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements showed the HA coupons to be hydrophilic, porous, and having micro size surface roughness, all within favourable cell culture ranges. The study found no impact of leachable and extractables form the DLP printing process. Cells seeded on coupons exhibited morphologies comparable to conventional tissue culture polystyrene plates. Cell proliferation rates, as determined by direct cell count and the RealTime-Glo TM MT Cell Viability Assay, were similar on HA coupons and standard tissue culture polystyrene plates). Osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs on HA coupons was confirmed using alkaline phosphatase, Alizarin Red S and von Kossa staining. The morphology of MSCs cultured in osteogenic medium for 14 to 35 days was similar on HA coupons and tissue culture polystyrene plates, with osteogenic (geometric, cuboidal morphology with dark nodules) and adipogenic (lipid vesicles and deposits) features. We conclude that the DLP process and LithaBone HA400 slurry are biocompatible and are suitable for osteogenic applications. Coupons served as an effective evaluation design in the characterization and visualization of cell responses on DLP printed HA material. Results support the feasibility of future technical development for 3D printing of sophisticated scaffold designs, which can be constructed to meet the mechanical, chemical, and porosity requirements of an artificial bone scaffold.
Journal Article
In memory of Frederick Anthony (Tony) Kilner
Tony Kilner passed away on 9 April 2025 at the ripe old age of 97. For 40 years he had taught hydraulics at the University of Cape Town (UCT) with insight, clarity and enthusiasm. Hundreds of students were inspired by his tuition and regarded their mentor with respect and affection.
Journal Article
Exploring the history of Cape Town’s water courses
By international standards, the rivers of the Cape Metropolitan Area are little more than streams, but they play a vital part in providing drainage to a region which experiences notably wet winters A new book, titled Much Water Under Many Bridges, examines the engineering history of the catchments, rivers, and drainage systems of the greater Cape Town area.
Journal Article
Past master : Sir William Willcocks – visionary irrigation engineer
In the aftermath of the South African War the British Government was anxious to get the Cape Colony – and indeed, greater South Africa – back on its feet.
Journal Article
Past master : Hermann Schutte - designer of South Africa’s first lighthouse
The sea was a demanding mistress and was entitled to claim vessels, cargoes and lives, and the ruling classes who governed nations and held the purse strings were unaffected and unconcerned by losses at sea. And so the wrecks piled up on the treacherous coasts of Europe and North America, and in some numbers on the uncharted peninsulas and capes around the southern tip of Africa.
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Past master : William George Brounger, father of the South African Railways
In 1845 the railway age was in full swing in Britain. The economy of the Cape Colony was also beginning to take off, so a group of London businessmen decided it was a good place for investment. They formed a company to promote railways in South Africa, and they appointed Sir Charles Fox as its technical advisor. Fox was a very competent engineer, the founder of the firm known in later generations as Freeman Fox whose lasting monument is the Sydney Harbour Bridge.
Journal Article
Past Master: Louis Michel Thibault - ex-mercenary whose heritage enriched the Cape
Who was the first properly trained engineer to practise in South Africa? There is little in the history of the Dutch occupation to suggest that the minimal infrastructure they provided was carried out by competent officers.
Journal Article
The story of the lighthouse at Agulhas
From the time that the first Europeans rounded the Cape of Good Hope there was an ever-growing list of shipping casualties. But the authorities were indifferent, to the point of callousness, about providing guides and warning lights for the benefit of mariners. Such lights as were around the British Isles were privately owned; the aristocrats who ran the British Government shrugged off shipwrecks as being due to bad seamanship. Besides, there was a very lucrative industry in 'salvaging' wrecks, many of which had been deliberately lured to their fate by callous 'wreckers'. And so there were more wrecks and loss of life and loss of cargoes while the Government looked away. In the vicinity of Agulhas alone the Arniston was lost in 1815 and 372 souls perished, and there were several other wrecks in the next twenty years.
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Graham Lindsay Drury Ross 18.07.1924-02.12.2015 : obituary
DR GRAHAM ROSS, doyen of South African road engineers and transportation historians, passed away in December after a short illness. He was born in Cape Town and attended Christian Brothers' College, Green Point (a school which has produced several other notable engineers). Within a few days of matriculating in 1942 he volunteered for active service and was delighted to find his classmate John Clark (later Chief Engineer of the Western Cape Regional Services Council) next to him in the recruitment queue. Together they were posted to the Navy and Graham saw action in minesweepers off the Cape Coast, and later around the Indian Ocean islands and the Bay of Bengal, reaching the rank of sub-lieutenant.
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