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The area defined as the N — S transect of Central Europe encompasses Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary, southern Slovakia, northern Austria, Moravia and southern Poland. Physical and biological environmental analysis have been undertaken for the Gravettian period of the last glacial, between 31 and 22 ka cal BP. Mammal faunas have been recorded from different provinces, which have climatic differences. These climatic differences are reflected in the sediments, the plant cover and the fauna. Over the course of several warm and cold events from 31–22 ka the biodiversity of the individual provinces has remained roughly the same, but important quantitative changes have occurred in the individual faunas.

Moravia is the central part of the region between the Danube and Southern Poland, which was settled by the people of the Gravettian Culture in the years 35–24/25 ka cal. BP. The Gravettian was a society of people with a high culture level based on successful animal hunting. This allowed to set aside some of the population from animal hunting and gave time for other activities. There existed a primitive division of labour. The basis for this was undoubtedly a well organized life for the entire society. A certain differentiation of their settlements also came about in Moravia. One can find there not only central settlements with a high living standard and culture but also long-term hunting settlements and short-term hunting stations. The end of the Gravettian Culture was linked with the great climatic change (LGM), which lead to the end of the existing ecosystem and consequently also to the loss of the economic basis. From my point of view, this culture disappeared fairly quickly.

Interdisciplinární průvodce jedinečným terénem mezi Adamovem na západě a Křtinami na východě upozorňuje \"poutníka\" na zajímavosti z různých přírodních i společenskovědních oborů. Josefovské a Křtinské údolí jsou neopakovatelným krajinným jevem, jehož studium umožňuje pochopit dlouhý vývoj celého Moravského krasu. Zasvěcený a originální text kolektivu odborníků pracuje s nejnovějšími informacemi, které doplňuje množství fotografií, map a tabulek.

Tradice vědeckého zpracovávání čtvrtohor sahá na Moravě hluboko do předminulého století, avšak souhrnná, multidisciplinárně pojatá publikace, jako je tato, dosud vydána nebyla. Autor v ní dokumentuje výjimečnost Moravy v porovnání s okolními územími, přičemž zdůrazňuje mimořádnou úlohu krasových oblastí. Pozornost věnuje skupinám savců žijících na Moravě koncem pleistocénu, a především změnám ekosystému vyvolaným migrací a vymíráním. Jeho pojednání tak není pouze komplexním poučením o poslední době ledové, ale také inspirací pro řešení současných ekologických či klimatických problémů. Kniha s bohatým obrazovým materiálem a původními ilustracemi malíře Petra Modlitby je určena pro studenty a odborníky v oborech geologie, paleontologie, geografie, zoologie, botaniky, životního prostředí a archeologie a také pro zájemce o krasovou problematiku.

Few countries can boast such rich history of Quaternary research as Moravia. This is especially true for findings of fauna, flora, and the prehistoric man. It is mainly due to its location on a natural interface between north and south Europe. Moravia thus served throughout the Quaternary for seasonal and global movement of vegetation and animals. While you can go through the gorges of the Moravian Karst on tarmac roads today, not so long ago there were only narrow winding forest roads where two horse-drawn carriages could barely avoid each other at some places. But what was there before? This book sets out to find the answer. The author wants to show how exciting paleontological work is, what Quaternary studies involve and what previously untapped issues should be addressed in the future.

Interdisciplinary guidebook to the unique terrain between Adamov in the west and Ktiny in the east points out the attractions from various fields, both natural and social sciences. Josefovské and Ktinské valleys are unique landscape phenomena; thanks to the study of them we can better understand the long development of the Moravian Karst. The knowledgeable and authentic text written by the collective of expert presents the latest information complemented by a number of photographs, maps and tables.

The paper describes different aspects of natural environment in the course of the Pleistocene and underlines the necessity to distinguish between them. Then follows a categorisation of the various types of big mammals migrations in relation to their palaeoecological analyses.

South-Central Europe has yielded rather large and significant samples of archaic and early modern Homo sapiens dated to the Upper Pleistocene. These hominid samples have received proportionately little detailed consideration in discussions of the nature of the relationship between archaic and modern Homo sapiens in Europe. The First purpose of this paper is to review this material. The second purpose of this paper is to review this material. The second purpose is to investigate the trends in Upper Pleistocene hominid evolution in South-Central Europe and to relate them to the pattern of contemporary hominid evolution in adjacent regions. It is concluded that a distinct morphological continuum exists between Neandertals and early modern hominids in South-Central Europe and that this continuum is most likely the reflection of an indigenous transition from Neandertals to eraly modern Homo sapiens. Aspects of such a transition are visible in the sparse fossil record of North-Central Erope as well. The pattern in Western Europe and its relationship to South-Central Europe are less clear.