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This study aimed to determine the various predictors associated to poor outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury at the University Teaching Hospital of Bamenda, Cameroon. This descriptive and observational study was conducted at the University Teaching Hospital of Bamenda, Cameroon from February 1st 2023 to May 31st 2023. We included all patients managed for TBI in the named hospital within the study period who gave their consent. A prospective inclusion of data was done using a pre-established technical form aimed at collecting sociodemographic information, mechanism of TBI, clinical/paraclinical parameters and Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) at one month follow-up. Patients with GOS 1, 2, 3 and 4 were considered as having a poor outcome and good outcome for GOS 5. Data collected were entered and analysed using the SPSS statistical software version 25.0. We found 93 patients who were eligible as per selection criteria. Mean age at presentation was 34.8 ± 15.0 years and there was a male preponderance (87.1 %). Road traffic accident (72 %) was the most common cause of injury followed by assault (14 %) and falls (9.9 %). The overall mortality was 16.1 % and 76.3 % had a good recovery at one month. Poor outcome (GOS<4 at one month) on univariate analysis was associated with delay to treatment > 1 day (p = 0.007, OR = 4.603), GCS less than or equal to 8 (p = 0.000, OR = 3.948), pupillary abnormalities (p = 0.000, OR = 21.630), secondary LOC (p = 0.026, OR = 8.538), intracerebral hematoma (p = 0.036, OR = 3.600), use of diuretics (p = 0.000, OR = 12.143), oxygen saturation less than 90 % (p = 0.026, OR = 5.538) and use of oxygen (p = 0.001, OR = 9.940) in patients with TBI. However, on multivariate analysis, only the GCS (p = 0.044, OR = 12.152) and delay to treatment (p = 0.024, OR = 18.349) retained statistical significance as independent predictors of poor outcomes. Our study suggests that numerous clinical/paraclinical factors such as GCS and patient-related factors like delay in seeking medical care negatively impact outcomes in TBI. This stress the need to carry out adequate clinical evaluation and good therapeutic care by physicians as well as population sensitization in order to reduce the mortality and morbidity related to TBI. Further prospective studies on larger sample size and a longer study period on outcome evaluation are warranted to provide more statistical power to our observations. •Traumatic brain injury is mostly seen in young male patients.•The Glasgow Coma scale and the Glasgow outcomes scale are used to assess the TBI severity and outcomes.•Low Glasgow Coma Scale and delayed treatment are associated to poor outcomes.

Despite the good prognosis of surgical treatment of chronic subdural hematomas, there are some early deaths, recurrences and post-operative complications. The objective of this study is to analyze the prognostic factors of chronic subdural hematomas in two reference university teaching hospitals in the city of Yaounde. Three hundred and ten cases of chronic subdural hematomas were diagnosed on 3788 patients hospitalized in the neurosurgery departments of two reference university teaching hospitals in the city of Yaounde from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2021 (7 years). The authors collected data from patients in whom surgical treatment was performed and assessed their prognosis with regard to the rate of early and late recurrence, mortality rate and postoperative complications and associated factors. Data from 284 patients were analyzed. The mortality rate was 6.7 % and the recurrence rate was 3.2 % in early postoperative period and 4.5 % after a follow-up of 3–24 months. Prognostic factors for death were age greater than or equal to 80 years (p value = 0.034) and presence of cortico-subcortical atrophy (p value = 0.003). The main recurrence factors were age greater than or equal to 70 years and compartmentalization of the hematoma. Chronic subdural hematomas are generally of good prognosis when the Glasgow coma score on admission is good and adequate management is carried out as soon as possible. Advanced age, lesions such as cortico-subcortical atrophy and compartmentalization of the hematoma are all factors that predispose to recurrence or early mortality. Those groups of patients should therefore benefit from a closer follow-up in post-operative period. •The prognosis of chronic subdural hematomas is dependent of the age, the Glasgow coma scale on admission, the association of comorbidities.•The recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma is most often observed when it is associated with age greater than 70 and compartmentalization of the hematoma.