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"Nelson, Eric M"
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Cultivating outdoor classrooms : designing and implementing child-centered learning environments
\"There are many ways outdoor spaces can be transformed into fully functioning classrooms where children explore, experiment, and spend quality time in nature. Filled with both simple and large-scale ideas, Cultivating Outdoor Classrooms provides support as you design and implement outdoor learning environments\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Making Choices: Simultaneous Report and Provocative Statements, Tools for Appreciative Inquiry
Many educators find that students do not participate actively in class, and are constantly seeking a variety of techniques to encourage student participation. The focus of this paper is to show how simultaneous report and provocative statements can be combined to foster appreciative inquiry, thereby, creating a learning environment with greater student participation. Such an approach is developed as follows: (1) The facilitator writes provocative statements for the topic of interest; (2) Provocative statements are presented to student teams during class; (3) Student teams discuss statements and come to a consensus; (4) Teams record an answer and provide reasoning; (5) Teams simultaneously report answers to the facilitator and class; and (6) Facilitator leads discussion based on simultaneous report. As an applied example of appreciative inquiry, the combined provocative statement and simultaneous report approach is highly effective in eliciting both large and small group discussion. The use of teams provides a basis for small group discussion of these statements.
Journal Article
The group of the Mondello BLT-sets
A BLT-set is a set of (q + 1) points of a Q (4,q) parabolic quadric with a collinearity condition. There are many infinite families of BLT-sets, all of which have had their stabilizers computed except for the Mondello BLT-sets of Penttila. Following an introduction to, and survey of BLT-sets and their related geometries, we compute the group stabilizing the Mondello BLT-sets.
Dissertation
Measuring and Analyzing Effects of HEMP Simulation on Synthetic Power Grids
There is significant uncertainty about the potential effects of a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) detonation on the bulk electric system. This study attempts to account for such uncertainty, in using Monte-Carlo methods to account for speculated range of effect of HEMP contingency. Through task parallelism and asynchronous processing techniques implemented throughout simulation, this study measure the effects of 700 large-scale HEMP simulations on a 7173 bus synthetic power grid. Analysis explores how contingency severity varies, depending on initial contingency parameters. Severity indices were captured throughout simulation to measure and quantify the cascading nature of an HEMP event. Further development of HEMP simulation modeling is explored as well, which could augment forecasts of potential contingency events as well.
Paper
Mechanism of Antitumor Drug Action: Poisoning of Mammalian DNA Topoisomerase II on DNA by 4′-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide
The intercalative acridine derivative 4′-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA), but not its isomer o-AMSA, is a potent antitumor drug that in mammalian cells stimulates the formation of DNA strand breaks that are characterized by tightly bound proteins. Using purified mammalian DNA topoisomerases, we have analyzed the effects of these antitumor drugs on topoisomerase--DNA interactions. The antitumor drug m-AMSA dramatically stimulates the formation of a topoisomerase II-DNA complex that is detected on protein-denaturant treatment: both single- and double-stranded DNA breaks are produced and a topoisomerase II subunit is linked covalently to each 5′end of the broken DNA strands. The noncytotoxic isomer, o-AMSA, which does not induce significant amounts of DNA breaks in cultured cells, exhibits a correspondingly smaller effect in stimulating formation of the complex in vitro. The agreement between in vitro and in vivo studies suggests that mammalian DNA topoisomerase II may be the primary target of m-AMSA and that the drug-induced complex formation between topoisomerase II and DNA may be the cause of cytotoxicity and other effects such as DNA sequence rearrangements and sister-chromatid exchange.
Journal Article
Legal victory for electronic commerce companies: State Street Bank & Trust v. Signature Financial Group signals fall of last barrier to Internet software patents
In \"State Street Bank & Trust v. Signature Financial Group,\" the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit positively clarified the definition of eligibility for patenting business software related inventions. Carson and Nelson explore the legal framework regarding patent protection for computer-related inventions and how the law impacts the surge of new business models being developed by e-commerce companies.
Trade Publication Article
DNA Primase Activity Associated with DNA Polymerase α from Xenopus laevis Ovaries
One of the two forms of DNA polymerase α from ovaries of the frog Xenopus laevis catalyzed ribonucleoside triphosphate-dependent DNA synthesis on single-stranded circular fd phage DNA templates. DNA synthesis was dependent on ATP and added template. CTP, GTP, and UTP stimulated DNA synthesis but were not required and could not substitute for ATP. DNA synthesis was not inhibited by α -amanitin. Neither poly(dT) nor double-stranded DNA served as template. Analysis of [32P]-dTMP-labeled product by neutral and alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis showed that 0.1- to 1-kilobase DNA fragments (average size of ≈ 0.25 kilobase) were synthesized. The fragments were not covalently linked to the template. Either [α -32P]NMP, [γ -32P]ATP, or [γ -32P]GTP were incorporated also into the product. Analysis of the product after hydrolysis by KOH, alkaline phosphatase, or bacteriophage T4 3′→ 5′exonuclease showed the presence of a small oligoribonucleotide primer at the 5′end of the newly synthesized DNA. NTP-dependent DNA-synthesizing activity copurified on six columns and cosedimented during glycerol gradient centrifugation with one form of DNA polymerase α activity but not with the other form. These results suggest that DNA primase activity is associated with one of the two forms of X. laevis DNA polymerase α
Journal Article
Sofosbuvir for Hepatitis C Genotype 2 or 3 in Patients without Treatment Options
In two randomized trials, the oral nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir combined with ribavirin for 12 or 16 weeks was effective in patients with chronic HCV genotype 2 or 3 infection for whom interferon therapy either was not an option or had failed.
When studied in clinical trials, the current standard-of-care therapy for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2 or 3 infection — pegylated interferon in combination with ribavirin for 24 weeks — resulted in a sustained virologic response in 70 to 85% of patients who had not received prior treatment and in 55 to 60% of those who had received treatment.
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However, a substantial proportion of patients with HCV infection remain untreated owing to absolute or relative contraindications to interferon therapy, such as hepatic decompensation, autoimmune disease, and psychiatric illness.
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In addition, interferon causes a range of constitutional symptoms . . .
Journal Article
A Vulnerability Assessment of Fish and Invertebrates to Climate Change on the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf
Climate change and decadal variability are impacting marine fish and invertebrate species worldwide and these impacts will continue for the foreseeable future. Quantitative approaches have been developed to examine climate impacts on productivity, abundance, and distribution of various marine fish and invertebrate species. However, it is difficult to apply these approaches to large numbers of species owing to the lack of mechanistic understanding sufficient for quantitative analyses, as well as the lack of scientific infrastructure to support these more detailed studies. Vulnerability assessments provide a framework for evaluating climate impacts over a broad range of species with existing information. These methods combine the exposure of a species to a stressor (climate change and decadal variability) and the sensitivity of species to the stressor. These two components are then combined to estimate an overall vulnerability. Quantitative data are used when available, but qualitative information and expert opinion are used when quantitative data is lacking. Here we conduct a climate vulnerability assessment on 82 fish and invertebrate species in the Northeast U.S. Shelf including exploited, forage, and protected species. We define climate vulnerability as the extent to which abundance or productivity of a species in the region could be impacted by climate change and decadal variability. We find that the overall climate vulnerability is high to very high for approximately half the species assessed; diadromous and benthic invertebrate species exhibit the greatest vulnerability. In addition, the majority of species included in the assessment have a high potential for a change in distribution in response to projected changes in climate. Negative effects of climate change are expected for approximately half of the species assessed, but some species are expected to be positively affected (e.g., increase in productivity or move into the region). These results will inform research and management activities related to understanding and adapting marine fisheries management and conservation to climate change and decadal variability.
Journal Article