Explore the vast range of titles available.

Solid‐state batteries (SSBs) are ideal candidates for next‐generation high‐energy‐density batteries in the Battery of Things era. Unfortunately, SSB application is limited by their poor ionic conductivity and electrode‐electrolyte interfacial compatibility. Herein, in situ composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) are fabricated by infusing vinyl ethylene carbonate monomer into a 3D ceramic framework to address these challenges. The unique and integrated structure of CSEs generates inorganic, polymer, and continuous inorganic–polymer interphase pathways that accelerate ion transportation, as revealed by solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) analysis. In addition, the mechanism and activation energy of Li+ transportation are studied and visualized by performing density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, the monomer solution can penetrate and polymerize in situ to form an excellent ionic conductor network inside the cathode structure. This concept is successfully applied to both solid‐state lithium and sodium batteries. The Li|CSE|LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cell fabricated herein delivers a specific discharge capacity of 118.8 mAh g−1 after 230 cycles at 0.5 C and 30 °C. Meanwhile, the Na|CSE|Na3Mg0.05V1.95(PO4)3@C cell fabricated herein maintains its cycling stability over 3000 cycles at 2 C and 30 °C with zero‐fading. The proposed integrated strategy provides a new perspective for designing fast ionic conductor electrolytes to boost high‐energy solid‐state batteries. The monomer is injected into and polymerized inside the 3D inorganic framework to form a 3D composite solid electrolyte that can promote ion transportation through inorganic, polymer, and continuous inorganic–polymer interphase pathways, as revealed by NMR analysis. To demonstrate the practical application of this approach, the fabricated cells can power light‐emitting diodes and 2‐wheel‐drive toy cars.

HighlightsA scalable tape-casting method produces self-supported porous Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12.Combining the in-situ polymerization approach, a composite solid electrolyte with superior electrochemical properties is fabricated.Solid-state Li|CSE|LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cells show remarkable cyclability and rate capability.LiF-and B-rich interphase layers mitigate interfacial reactions, enhancing solid-state battery performance.Composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) have emerged as promising candidates for safe and high-energy–density solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs). However, concurrently achieving exceptional ionic conductivity and interface compatibility between the electrolyte and electrode presents a significant challenge in the development of high-performance CSEs for SSLMBs. To overcome these challenges, we present a method involving the in-situ polymerization of a monomer within a self-supported porous Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZT) to produce the CSE. The synergy of the continuous conductive LLZT network, well-organized polymer, and their interface can enhance the ionic conductivity of the CSE at room temperature. Furthermore, the in-situ polymerization process can also construct the integration and compatibility of the solid electrolyte–solid electrode interface. The synthesized CSE exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 1.117 mS cm−1, a significant lithium transference number of 0.627, and exhibited electrochemical stability up to 5.06 V vs. Li/Li+ at 30 °C. Moreover, the Li|CSE|LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cell delivered a discharge capacity of 105.1 mAh g−1 after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and 30 °C, corresponding to a capacity retention of 61%. This methodology could be extended to a variety of ceramic, polymer electrolytes, or battery systems, thereby offering a viable strategy to improve the electrochemical properties of CSEs for high-energy–density SSLMBs.

Carbon-based supercapacitor electrodes derived from biomass have recently garnered significant attention due to their low cost, natural abundance, and environmental sustainability. In this study, charcoal was pretreated using a simple ultrasonic method and was employed as the active electrode material in both three-electrode and symmetric supercapacitor configurations. To further enhance electrochemical performance, a sustainable and dual-functional strategy was implemented by introducing methylene blue, a redox-active additive, into an aqueous sodium chloride electrolyte. Structural and morphological characterizations revealed that charcoal possessed a highly porous architecture with preserved plant-based vascular channels, facilitating efficient electrolyte penetration and ion transport. Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that the incorporation of methylene blue significantly enhanced charge storage through a synergistic combination of electric double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitive behavior. The optimal device, utilizing the MB35 electrolyte composition, delivered a high specific capacitance of 212.23 F g –1 at 0.5 A g –1 , an energy density of 15.34 Wh kg –1 at a power density of 350 W kg –1 , and excellent cycling stability, retaining 91.3% of its initial capacitance after 2000 cycles and 84.3% after 5000 cycles at the high loading mass of 2 mg cm − 2 . This work presents a cost-effective route for fabricating high-performance biomass-derived supercapacitors while offering a novel approach for the reutilization of dye pollutants in sustainable energy storage applications.

In this study, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) is demonstrated as an effective additive in poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) polymers for the enhancement of ionic conductivity and interfacial stability and a tissue membrane is used as a backbone to maintain the mechanical strength of the solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs). TEGDME in the PPC allows the uniform distribution of conductive LiF species throughout the cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) layer which plays a critically important role in the formation of a stable and efficient CEI. In addition, the high modulus of SPEs suppresses the formation of a protrusion‐type CEI on the cathode. The SPE with the optimized TEGDME content exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 0.89 mS cm−1, an adequate potential stability of up to 4.89 V, and a high Li‐ion transference number of 0.81 at 60 °C. Moreover, the Li/SPE/Li cell demonstrates excellent cycling stability for 1650 h, and the Li/SPE/LFP full cell exhibits an initial reversible capacity of 103 mAh g−1 and improved stability over 500 cycles at a rate of 1 C. The TEGDME additive improves the electrochemical properties of the SPEs and promotes the creation of a stable interface, which is crucial for ASSLIBs. The effects of adding tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether to poly(propylene carbonate)‐based solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) having tissue paper backbone are demonstrated. The all‐solid‐state battery (ASSB) with optimized SPE exhibits better electrochemical performance and forms a stable cathode–electrolyte interface (CEI) on LiFePO4. The LiF layer plays a critically important role in the fabrication of a stable and efficient CEI insulator and is believed to provide a stable interface and higher stability of the cathode, leading to excellent cyclability of ASSB.

The chemical composition of leaf essential oil of the harmful invasive species Chromolaena odorata collected in Vietnam was analyzed by GC/MS and chiral GC. All three essential oil samples (O1, O2 and O3) in this study fell into chemotype I characterized by α-pinene/geigerene/germacrene D/(E)-β-caryophyllene from a total of six different chemotypes. Chemotype I demonstrated larvicidal effects against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762), Aedes albopictus Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894), Culex fuscocephala (Theobald, 1907) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say, 1823), with 24 h LC50 values ranging from 11.73 to 69.87 µg/mL. In contrast, its microemulsion formulation exhibited enhanced toxicity, yielding 24 h LC50 values between 11.16 and 32.43 µg/mL. This chemotype also showed repellent efficacy against Ae. aegypti, with protection times ranging from 70.75 to 122.7 min. Fumigant toxicity was observed against Aedes aegypti, with LC50 values of 40.27% at 0.5 h and 0.34% at 24 h. Molluscicidal activity was recorded with 48 h LC50 values between 3.82 and 54.38 µg/mL against Indoplanorbis exustus (Deshayes, 1833), Pomacea canaliculate (Lamarck, 1822), Physa acuta (Draparnaud, 1805). Additionally, the chemotype exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 70.85 µg/mL. Antimicrobial potential was also demonstrated, with MIC values ranging from 2.0 to 128.0 µg/mL against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Candida albicans. The C. odorata essential oil can be considered as a potential bioresource for human health protection strategies.

Conventional applications of the Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT) and EIS for estimating chemical diffusivity in battery electrodes face issues such as insufficient relaxation time to reach equilibrium, excessively long pulse durations that violate the short-time diffusion assumption, and the assumption of sequential electrode reaction and diffusion processes. In this work, a quasi-equilibrium criterion of 0.1 mV h−1 was applied to NMC622 electrodes, yielding 8–9 h relaxations below 3.8 V, but above 3.8 V, voltage decayed linearly and indefinitely, even upon discharging titration, showing unusual nonmonotonic relaxation behavior. The initial 36-s transients of a 10-min galvanostatic pulse and diffusion impedance in series with the electrode reaction yielded consistent diffusivity values. However, solid-state diffusion in spherical active particles within porous electrodes, where ambipolar diffusion occurs in the pore electrolyte with t+=0.3, requires a physics-based three-rail transmission line model (TLM). The corrected diffusivity may be three to four times higher. An analytic two-rail TLM approximating the three-rail numerical model was applied to temperature- and frequency-dependent EIS data. This approach mitigates parameter ambiguity and unphysical correlations in EIS. Physics-based EIS enables the identification of multistep energetics and the diagnosis of performance and degradation mechanisms.

Mosquitoes are important vectors of several diseases, and control of these insects is imperative for human health. Insecticides have proven useful in controlling mosquito populations, but insecticide resistance and environmental concerns are increasing. Additionally, emerging and re-emerging microbial infections are problematic. Essential oils have been shown to be promising mosquito larvicidal agents as well as antimicrobial agents. In this work, the essential oils from four species of Myrtaceae (Baeckea frutescens, Callistemon citrinus, Melaleuca leucadendra, and Syzygium nervosum) growing wild in central Vietnam have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. The essential oils have been screened for mosquito larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, and for antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Callistemon citrinus fruit essential oil, rich in α-pinene (35.1%), 1,8-cineole (32.4%), limonene (8.2%), and α-terpineol (5.8%) showed good larvicidal activity with 24-h LC50 = 17.3 μg/mL against both Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, and good antibacterial activity against E. faecalis (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 16 μg/mL) The 48-h larvicidal activities of M. leucadendra leaf essential oil, rich in α-eudesmol (17.6%), guaiol (10.9%), linalool (5.1%), (E)-caryophyllene (7.0%), and bulnesol (3.6%) were particularly notable, with LC50 of 1.4 and 1.8 μg/mL on Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Similarly, M. leucadendra bark essential oil, with α-eudesmol (24.1%) and guaiol (11.3%), showed good antibacterial activity against. E. faecalis. Both B. frutescens and C. citrinus leaf essential oils demonstrated anti-Candida activities with MIC values of 16 μg/mL. The results of this investigation suggest that essential oils derived from the Myrtaceae may serve as “green” alternatives for the control of mosquitoes and/or complementary antimicrobial agents.

Although L-Asparaginase (L-ASP) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent, it has side effects such as fever, skin rashes, chills, anaphylaxis, and severe allergic reactions. Moreover, the short half-life of L-ASP reduces its antitumor activity. To reduce its side effects and broaden its pharmaceutical applications, L-ASP obtained from Pectobacterium carotovorum was subjected to liposomal conjugation. The enzyme was then loaded into liposomes using the hydrated thin-film method. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of liposomal L-ASP was evaluated with the MTT assay using cancerous cell lines, and its antitumor effects were examined in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumorized mice. The average size of the liposomes containing purified L-asparagine was 93.03 ± 0.49 nm. They had a zeta potential of –15.45 ± 6.72 mV, polydispersity index of 0.22 ± 0.02, and encapsulation efficiency of 53.99 ± 5.44%. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of liposomal L-ASP was less effective against LLC, MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), SK-LU-1 (human lung carcinoma), and NTERA-2 (pluripotent human embryonic carcinoma) cells than that of free L-ASP. However, the antitumor activity of liposomal L-ASP was significantly greater than that of untrapped L-ASP at the same doses (6 UI/mouse) in terms of tumor size (6309.11 ± 414.06 mm3) and life span (35.00 ± 1.12 days). This is the first time the antitumor activities of PEGylated nanoliposomal L-ASP have been assessed in LLC carcinoma tumor-induced BALB/c mice and showed significantly improved pharmacological properties compared to those of free L-ASP (P<0.05). Thus, nanoliposomal L-ASP should be considered for its widening applications against carcinoma tumors.

Cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide, with no effective and safe treatment to date. This study is the first to co-conjugate the natural compound cinchonain Ia, which has promising anti-inflammatory activity, and L-asparaginase (ASNase), which has anticancer potential, to manufacture nanoliposomal particles (CALs). The CAL nanoliposomal complex had a mean size of approximately 118.7 nm, a zeta potential of −47.00 mV, and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.120. ASNase and cinchonain Ia were encapsulated into liposomes with approximately 93.75% and 98.53% efficiency, respectively. The CAL complex presented strong synergistic anticancer potency, with a combination index (CI) < 0.32 in two-dimensional culture and 0.44 in a three-dimensional model, as tested on NTERA-2 cancer stem cells. Importantly, the CAL nanoparticles demonstrated outstanding antiproliferative efficiency on cell growth in NTERA-2 cell spheroids, with greater than 30- and 2.5-fold increases in cytotoxic activity compared to either cinchonain Ia or ASNase liposomes, respectively. CALs also presented extremely enhanced antitumor effects, reaching approximately 62.49% tumor growth inhibition. Tumorized mice under CALs treatment showed a survival rate of 100%, compared to 31.2% in the untreated control group (p < 0.01), after 28 days of the experiment. Thus, CALs may represent an effective material for anticancer drug development.

To date, the essential oils of these two plants have not yet been investigated. Essential Oils of Two Studied Camellia Leaves, % Compound RI A B Compound RI A B α-Pinene 932 – 6.6 Longiborneol 1599 – 1.5 Camphene 946 – 2.7 Cedrol 1614 17.1 – Methyl cyclohexyl ketone 963 – 2.1 2-(7Z)-Bisaboladien-4-ol 1620 0.3 – β-Pinene 975 – 3.5 Junenol 1630 0.5 – 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one 987 0.3 – 1-epi-Cubenol 1638 1.0 – β-Myrcene 990 – 3.6 β-Acorenol 1641 1.0 – 1,8-Cineole 1030 – 3.3 α-Cadinol 1655 1.3 5.0 Linalool 1099 – 2.8 Dihydroeudesmol 1661 0.7 – Terpinolene 1101 0.1 – 7-epi-α-Eudesmol 1664 3.5 – m-Anisaldehyde 1198 – 5.7 (E)-10,11-Dihydroatlantone 1673 – 2.9 (E)-Anethole 1288 1.0 – n-Tetradecanol 1680 1.9 – Capric acid 1367 – 2.6 Massoia dodecalactone 1691 1.3 – α-Copaene 1382 0.3 – Neocurdione 1698 4.6 – cis-3-Hexenyl caproate 1390 0.3 – (2Z,6Z)-Farnesol 1705 0.8 – Methyl decyl ketone 1406 0.1 – Curdione 1725 0.5 – Decyl acetate 1411 0.7 – (2Z,6E)-Farnesol 1728 1.0 – α-Cedrene 1421 4.0 – Benzyl benzoate 1764 25.6 1.0 β-Funebrene 1429 0.9 – n-Pentadecanol 1778 – 1.6 (E)-Cinnamyl acetate 1448 0.3 – n-Octadecane 1798 – 1.2 Neryl propanoate 1462 0.3 – Hexadecanal 1815 – 0.3 γ-Muurolene 1483 0.5 – Cyclopentadecanolide 1838 – 2.9 ar-Curcumene 1487 0.3 – Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone 1844 2.0 24.8 β-Selinene 1495 5.3 – trans-Phytol 1947 1.9 3.1 α-Selinene 1503 1.8 – (E,E)-Geranyl linalool 2029 – 1.8 α-Muurolene 1507 0.2 – cis-Phytol 2112 – 8.5 (E,E)-α-Farnesene 1508 – 3.3 Linoleic acid ethyl ester 2142 – 4.5 β-Bisabolene 1514 0.7 – Hexadecanal diallyl acetal 2146 1.2 – δ-Amorphene 1522 0.3 – Total 99.1 100 trans-Calamenene 1530 0.2 – Monoterpene hydrocarbons 0.4 16.4 Elemol 1557 0.3 – Oxygenated monoterpenes 0.3 6.1 (E)-Nerolidol 1568 12.1 – Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons 14.2 3.3 cis-3-Hexenyl benzoate 1576 0.1 – Oxygenated sesquiterpenes 49.5 38.9 Spathulenol 1578 – 4.7 Oxygenated diterpenes 1.9 13.4 (Z)-Dihydroapofarnesol 1579 0.7 – Non-terpenic compounds 32.8 21.9 Caryophyllene oxide 1594 2.1 – A – C. pukhangensis; B – C. quephongensis RI: Remarkably, two major compounds, benzyl benzoate and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, are now abundant in the essential oils of many terrestrial plants, but they did not reach high amounts in Camellia essential oils. [...]two Vietnamese Camellia species – C. pukhangensis and C. quephongensis – are likely to be good resources of benzyl benzoate and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, respectively.