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"Nicholas, Joseph"
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Jurisdictional Struggles Between Bishop and Grand Master in Malta in the First Half of the Seventeenth Century
This study examines the jurisdictional disputes between the bishop of Malta and the grand masters of the Order of St John during the first half of the seventeenth century, specifically from 1563 to 1650, in the wake of the Council of Trent. It focuses on conflicts concerning ecclesiastical immunities—personal, real (material), and local—as key points of tension between spiritual and temporal authority in early modern Malta. By analysing extensive archival correspondence preserved in the diocesan archive of Malta between the bishop, the grand master, and the Holy See, the study reconstructs how these immunities were invoked, negotiated, and contested. It employs a historical–legal methodology, interpreting these documents within the wider European context of Tridentine reform and absolutist State building. While established scholarship has highlighted broader patterns of Church–State conflict in early modern Europe, this study contributes an original case from the periphery of Catholic Christendom, where both bishop and grand master were ultimately subject to the papacy. The article is structured around the three traditional forms of ecclesiastical immunity, each examined as a distinct yet interconnected site of struggle. It argues that, in Malta, the application of Tridentine reforms served both to consolidate episcopal authority and to provoke resistance from secular powers, revealing the complex, mediated nature of ecclesiastical governance. The study ultimately sheds light on how canonical tradition, papal intervention, and local political configurations shaped the contested boundaries of sacred and secular jurisdiction.
Journal Article
كتاب الفحص الإكلينيكي الجيبي
يضم الكتاب فصول طبية عديدة تغطي كافة أجزاء الجسم كأخذ تاريخ الحالة المرضية والفحص السريري الإكلينيكي العام وفحص القلب والصدر والثدي والجهاز العصبي والكلوي والمفاصل كما يضم معجم مختصر عن المصطلحات الطبية وطرق عرض الحالة المرضية في المنتديات والاجتماعات الطبية العلمية وأوضح الدكتور جمال الوكيل أن الكتاب يعد حلقة التواصل بين الطبيب الذي درس الطب باللغة الإنجليزية وبين المريض حيث يسهل طرق استنباط الحالة المرضية من المريض وفهم شكواه وعرض الأسئلة الطبية المناسبة لكل شكوى مرضيه، وبين أن الكتاب يسهم في رفع كفاءة الأطباء في الفحص الإكلينيكي وإجراءها بشكل كامل وصحيح مع احترام خصوصية المريض وتقدير مشاعره والتعاطف مع شكواه وقلقه.
Book
Gender Differences in Cardiac Chronotropic Control: Implications for Heart Rate Variability Research
There is a continuing debate concerning “adjustments” to heart period variability [i.e., heart rate variability (HRV)] for the heart period [i.e., increases inter-beat-intervals (IBI)]. To date, such arguments have not seriously considered the impact a demographic variable, such as gender, can have on the association between HRV and the heart period. A prior meta-analysis showed women to have greater HRV compared to men despite having shorter IBI and higher heart rate (HR). Thus, it is plausible that men and women differ in the association between HRV and HR/IBI. Thus, the present study investigates the potential moderating effect of gender on the association between HRV and indices of cardiac chronotropy, including both HR and IBI. Data from 633 participants (339 women) were available for analysis. Cardiac measures were assessed during a 5-min baseline-resting period. HRV measures included the standard deviation of inter-beat-intervals, root mean square of successive differences, and autoregressive high frequency power. Moderation analyses showed gender significantly moderated the association between all HRV variables and both HR and IBI (each p < 0.05). However, results were not consistent when using recently recommended HRV variables “adjusted” for IBI. Overall, the current investigation provides data illustrating a differential association between HRV and the heart period based on gender. Substantial neurophysiological evidence support the current findings; women show greater sensitivity to acetylcholine compared to men. If women show greater sensitivity to acetylcholine, and acetylcholine increases HRV and the heart period, then the association between HRV and the heart period indeed should be stronger in women compared to men. Taken together, these data suggest that routine “adjustments” to HRV for the heart period are unjustified and problematic at best. As it relates to the application of future HRV research, it is imperative that researchers continue to consider the potential impact of gender.
Journal Article
Global spherical harmonic models of the internal magnetic field of the Moon based on sequential and coestimation approaches
Three new models of the global internal magnetic field of the Moon based on Lunar Prospector (LP) fluxgate magnetometer observations are developed for use in understanding the origin of the Moon's crustal magnetic field and for modeling its interaction with the solar wind. The models are at spherical harmonic degree 170, corresponding to 64 km wavelength resolution, from 30 km mean altitude LP observations. Coverage is complete except for a few areas near each pole. Original signal amplitudes are best preserved in the sequential approach map, whereas feature recognition is superior in the coestimation and harmonic wave number correlation maps. Spherical harmonic degrees less than 15, corresponding to 666 km wavelength, are largely absent from the Moon's internal magnetic field. We interpret this bound in terms of the Moon's impact history. A derived magnetization map suggests magnetizations may locally exceed 0.2 A/m in the lunar crust at the survey resolution if the magnetic crust is as thick as 40 km.
Journal Article
Policies to guide the adoption of educational games into classrooms
The shift to digital learning, spurred by the pandemic, will likely lead to the adoption of educational games into classrooms as a way to replace traditional learning activities. This will be a challenge because of a lack of training on the use of games for learning and the difficulty of finding good learning games. The 2019 SRCD Social Policy Report on digital games identifies policy areas that could address these challenges. Further, Ke’s (Educ Technol Res Dev 64:219–244, 2016) systematic review of games research provides insights into how teachers can use games for learning and which types of educational games are effective. Leveraging the report and the review, policies for the digital shift are suggested that will help guide the adoption of games into classrooms.
Journal Article
Environmental impacts caused by cemeteries and crematoria, new funeral technologies, and preferences of the Northeastern and Southern Brazilian population as for the funeral process
Cemeteries and crematoria are the main funeral ways used in the world nowadays. It is a little-studied segment in the present days, mainly as for the possible environmental impacts in the environment, such as those derived from dental amalgam, prostheses, and dioxins, among other. This article aimed to identify the environmental impacts caused by cemeteries and crematoria and to point out new trends in funeral processes such as freeze-drying and alkaline hydrolysis. The study is justified due to the large part of the Brazilian population that do not know the environmental impacts caused by cemeteries and crematoria, as well as to bring information about the new processes. For that, a research was carried out with 400 people. The main results show that among all the funeral processes, the new freeze-drying process was opted by 33% of the sample. We also identified that the main reasons for choosing the funeral process were less environmental impact (28%), no after-death expenses (grave payment) (16.1%), and the possibility of putting away or throwing away the remains wherever you want (14.9%). Finally, new funeral processes were well accepted by the Brazilian population—those who were interviewed—due to their benefits.
Journal Article
The relationship between socioeconomic development, renewable energies and the innovative process
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the relationships between socioeconomic development, renewable energy and the innovative process by providing: a descriptive analysis; a co-occurrence analysis of terms, thematic mapping and conceptual structure; and the typology of the textual corpus.
Design/methodology/approach
To analyze the relationship between “renewable energies, socioeconomic development and the innovative process,” it is necessary to build a theoretical foundation that contains the relevant scientific studies and reflects the current state of the art on the subject. For this, this study developed a systematic literature review (SLR) using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses research protocol to answer the relationship on the theme.
Findings
Research shows a global understanding of the need to invest in developing studies to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and improve economic growth. The main contributions lie in providing a typology of the state of the art, identifying the joint relationships between themes, insights into the key themes and indicating themes that must be developed. This study may also support future empirical studies as it provides a theoretical foundation for formulating hypotheses, which can be tested through qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Originality/value
The innovative character consists of addressing a shortage of SLRs on this theme. Thus, this paper fills this gap by providing a theoretical foundation for future scientific and academic knowledge generation. Furthermore, regarding the interdisciplinary aspects of this research as contributions, this paper presented different approaches and theoretical perspectives.
Journal Article