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Solving the absolute value equation is a problem that is often experienced by students in learning absolute value. This qualitative article reports on students’ discourse analysis in solving absolute value equations based on the commognition theory. Ten students in grade 10 were randomly selected as the subjects of this study. In this study, two levels of analysis was carried out; firstly, analyzing four features of the discourse, namely word use, visual mediators, narratives, and routines, and secondly, analyzing the categories of student’s discourse whether they belong to ritualised or explorative discourse. The results of this study indicated that student discourse leads to the explorative discourse category.

Summary This prospective study showed that the incidence of acute anterior uveitis, confirmed by ophthalmic examination, in patients receiving intravenous zoledronate infusions as part of a randomized controlled trial for fracture prevention is 1.1 %. Introduction We prospectively investigated the incidence of ocular side effects after a single intravenous zoledronate infusion. Methods In a secondary analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which early post-menopausal women ( N  = 1054) with normal bone density or osteopenia were randomized to infusion of zoledronate 5 mg ( N  = 703) or placebo ( N  = 351), we analyzed significant adverse ocular events occurring within 3 months. Results Fourteen participants reported ocular symptoms after the infusion. All were examined by an ophthalmologist and eight were diagnosed with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and one with sectoral episcleritis. The incidence of AAU and episcleritis was 1.1 % (95 % CI 0.5–2.1) and 0.1 % (95 % CI 0.0–0.7), respectively, in the zoledronate group and 0 % for both conditions in the placebo group (95 % CI 0.0–0.8). The mean time from infusion to symptom onset for AAU was 3 days (range 2–4). Three cases were bilateral. AAU was mild-moderate in seven participants and severe in one. All affected eyes were treated with topical cyclopentolate 1 % (to break, or minimize, posterior synechiae), and intensive, potent, topical corticosteroids with a tapering regime based on treatment response. The mean duration of topical corticosteroid was 26 ± 10 days (range 17–44). The mean, best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 (range 20/20–20/40) at presentation, which remained unchanged after AAU resolution. None of the participants lost vision, and no long-term sequelae were reported at last follow-up (range 3–13 months post-infusion). Conclusions Prescribers should inform patients about the possibility of ocular side effects with zoledronate infusions and refer promptly to an ophthalmologist if symptoms develop.

One of the essential potential resources of small pelagic fish to the livelihood of fishermen is Decapterus sp. The purpose of this study was to examine the catch and features of the Decapterus sp fishing region in Indian Ocean waters from East Java to Bali. The fisheries data for Decapterus sp during 2019 - 2021 were provided by Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Republic of Indonesia. The chl- a , and SST data were downloaded from Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (https://marine.copernicus.eu/). The fisheries and environmental data were then grouped by season. The results showed that the highest catch per unit efforts (CPUE) value occurred during transition 2 season with value of 2.89 followed by west season with value of 2.65. The smallest value of CPUE occurred during transition 1 (1.98). In general, most of Decapterus sp were caught in SST range between 27 – 29°C and chl- a range between 0.1 – 0.3 mg/m 3 . These results can be used as a basis for management of Decapterus sp especially in southern waters of East Java - Bali.

Skin is often exposed to various factors, so the premature aging process become one of the public’s concerns. One of the efforts to maintain skin beauty and prevent premature aging is to fulfil the intake of collagen in the skin. Collagen is a protein, which one is found at chicken egg shells membrane. So far, chicken egg shells are only seen as waste, pollute the environment and are not used properly. Therefore, this innovation to making face spray cosmetic products appears to be a new breakthrough in the utilization and waste treatment. It can function to moisturize and nourish the skin, soothe facial skin, anti-aging, relieves redness on sensitive skin and can give a smooth impression on makeup. The method used in this research is an experiment, the results based on anatomical pathology tests using microscopic 400x magnification with Sirius red staining obtained 52.8% collagen content in egg shell membrane, and pH test obtained value of pH 5.4 which meets the requirements for the safe value for the skin pH 4.5-6.5 and the results of the organoleptic test on collagen face spray product are odorless, colorless, and the material is in the form of a liquid face spray cosmetic.

Acts of settlement development conducted by informal land subdividers were performed without following the existing regulatory framework, leading to uninhabitable settlements. In actuality, settlements ideally are obliged to provide a comfortable space where liveability is the form in which accomplishment is rated. For this reason, this study assessed the liveability of the settlements developed by the informal land subdividers in Gunung Anyar and Rungkut Districts, Surabaya. The study set two objectives, namely formulating the criteria of liveability as well as assessing the level of liveability on settlements developed by the informal land subdividers by means of; 1) conducting interviews with three experts and using quantitative content analysis, and; 2) interviewing inhabiting residents and using gap analysis and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). From the 27 criteria assessed in this study, there is no criterion that is rated satisfactory for said residents, signifying that said settlements are unliveable. When viewed through the Customers Satisfaction Index (CSI), the liveability of said settlements is included in the fair category. Based on the results of the mapping of criteria in the Cartesian IPA quadrant, there are eight criteria which become the main priority for improving performance.

The purpose of this study is to determine the conditions of the community's needs for facilities, spatial distribution, and capacity of educational facilities in the city of Palu. The study used a survey method with a spatial approach as the basis for its analysis and the Neighborhood unit approach as the basis for mapping educational facilities by utilizing GIS in data processing and analysis as a whole. The results of the study show that East Palu Subdistrict is the main service center, indicating that in Tatanga Subdistrict there is even distribution of development in the field of providing primary school education facilities, and the capacity of primary school capacity in Tatanga Subdistrict is categorized more.

After New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA) opening, Kulon Progo continues to develop, one of which is The Bedah Menoreh route project which passes through the mountainous region. The development encourages agricultural land conversion, which impacts food security in Kulon Progo, especially in the mountainous region. This study aims to identify the conversion of agricultural land in the mountainous region of Kulon Progo Regency in 2005 – 2020 and analyze its impact on regional food security. The method used is a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) on Landsat Imagery using Machine Learning through Google Earth Engine (GEE) to identify land-use change and mathematical calculations in analyzing regional food security. The result of the supervised classification is a land cover map of the mountainous region of Kulon Progo Regency, which shows that every year the area of rice fields, in general, continues to decrease until 2020 the total area is 2,102.79 ha with a rate of agricultural land conversion -114.87 ha/year. It causes regional food security to be in a food-insecure condition, even though the availability of rice fields can be used for food self-sufficiency for up to 53 years. Other factors such as climate, rice seeds, soil, and water quality, in this case, are quite influential in rice production, not only productivity and agricultural land area.

Zoledronate administered every 12 to 18 months prevents fractures in older women. Ten years after initiation of this trial, zoledronate administered at baseline and 5 years prevented vertebral fracture.

Key message Here we first found that GsERF71, an ERF factor from wild soybean could increase plant alkaline stress tolerance by up-regulating H+-ATPase and by modifing the accumulation of Auxin. Alkaline soils are widely distributed all over the world and greatly limit plant growth and development. In our previous transcriptome analyses, we have identified several ERF (ethylene-responsive factor) genes that responded strongly to bicarbonate stress in the roots of wild soybean G07256 ( Glycine soja ). In this study, we cloned and functionally characterized one of the genes, GsERF71 . When expressed in epidermal cells of onion, GsERF71 localized to the nucleus. It can activate the reporters in yeast cells, and the C-terminus of 170 amino acids is essential for its transactivation activity. Yeast one-hybrid and EMSA assays indicated that GsERF71 specifically binds to the cis -acting elements of the GCC-box, suggesting that GsERF71 may participate in the regulation of transcription of the relevant biotic and abiotic stress-related genes. Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing GsERF71 showed significantly higher tolerance to bicarbonate stress generated by NaHCO 3 or KHCO 3 than the wild type (WT) plants, i.e., the transgenic plants had greener leaves, longer roots, higher total chlorophyll contents and lower MDA contents. qRT-PCR and rhizosphere acidification assays indicated that the expression level and activity of H + -ATPase (AHA2) were enhanced in the transgenic plants under alkaline stress. Further analysis indicated that the expression of auxin biosynthetic genes and IAA contents were altered to a lower extent in the roots of transgenic plants than WT plants under alkaline stress in a short-term. Together, our data suggest that GsERF71 enhances the tolerance to alkaline stress by up-regulating the expression levels of H + -ATPase and by modifying auxin accumulation in transgenic plants.