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Modori-inducing proteinases (MIPs) in horse mackerel and the effect of sodium citrate on the modori phenomenon were investigated. Cysteine protease caused the modori phenomenon only at 60 ℃, while metalloproteinase caused it at both 60 ℃ and 70 ℃. Moreover, the autolysis of myofibrillar proteins was mainly inhibited by ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), verifying the existence of insoluble metalloproteinase. From the results comparing thermal gel properties and protease activities, we confirmed that increased activity of insoluble metalloproteinase corresponded to the weakening of the thermal gel. Thus, insoluble metalloproteinase was the major MIP in horse mackerel. Moreover, sodium citrate could markedly inhibit insoluble metalloproteinase activity at 60 ℃. The addition of sodium citrate significantly improved the breaking force of the thermal gel at 60 ℃ and 70 ℃, suggesting that sodium citrate could suppress the modori phenomenon by inhibiting insoluble metalloproteinase. Therefore, it is desirable to use sodium citrate in horse mackerel surimi-based products to prevent the modori phenomenon.

After grueling auditions that lasted more than a year, five boys aged 10 to 15 will share the title role in \"Billy Elliot the Musical\" as the play prepares for its Japan premiere on July 25 in Tokyo. With music by Elton John, the production follows the story of Billy Elliot, an 11-year-old boy who lives in a British mining town paralyzed by strikes. The musical would later hit Broadway and won 10 Tony Awards in 2009, including best actor, which was shared by the three boys who played the lead role. K-Ballet School, founded by Tetsuya Kumakawa, and Konami Sports Club assisted in the training. The boys will perform alongside renowned performers, including actors Kotaro Yoshida and Toru Masuoka, who will share the role of Billy's father; actresses Reon Yuzuki and Kaho Shimada, who will play Mrs. Wilkinson, Billy's dance teacher; and ballet dancer Ren Kuriyama and actor Yusuke...

Yoshida recently assumed the post of artistic director in a project titled \"Sainokuni Shakespeare Series,\" which aims to put on performances of all 37 plays by William Shakespeare. Yoshida became widely known for his role as the department head in \"Hanzawa Naoki,\" a popular TV serial drama broadcast in 2013.