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"Noll, Tom"
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The bicycle fence
L.T. longs for a brand new bike but when his father builds him one from recycled junkyard parts, L.T. is embarrassed to ride it to school. Can he come up with a creative idea that not only gives him a good-as-new bike, but also provides a new fence for his yard and helps save the planet in the process?
Book
Artificial homeostatic temperature regulation via bio-inspired feedback mechanisms
Homeostasis comprises one of the main features of living organisms that enables their robust functioning by adapting to environmental changes. In particular, thermoregulation, as an instance of homeostatic behavior, allows mammals to maintain stable internal temperature with tightly controlled self-regulation independent of external temperatures. This is made by a proper reaction of the thermoeffectors (like skin blood vessels, brown adipose tissue (BAT), etc.) on a wide range of temperature perturbations that reflect themselves in the thermosensitive neurons' activity. This activity is being delivered to the respective actuation points and translated into thermoeffectors' actions, which bring the temperature of the organism to the desired level, called a set-point. However, it is still an open question whether these mechanisms can be implemented in an analog electronic device: both on a system theoretical and a hardware level. In this paper, we transfer this control loop into a real electric circuit by designing an analog electronic device for temperature regulation that works following bio-inspired principles. In particular, we construct a simplified single-effector regulation system and show how spiking trains of thermosensitive artificial neurons can be processed to realize an efficient feedback mechanism for the stabilization of the a priori unknown but system-inherent set-point. We also demonstrate that particular values of the set-point and its stability properties result from the interplay between the feedback control gain and activity patterns of thermosensitive artificial neurons, for which, on the one hand, the neuronal interconnections are generally not necessary. On the other hand, we show that such connections can be beneficial for the set-point regulation and hypothesize that the synaptic plasticity in real thermosensitive neuronal ensembles can play a role of an additional control layer empowering the robustness of thermoregulation. The electronic realization of temperature regulation proposed in this paper might be of interest for neuromorphic circuits which are bioinspired by taking the basal principle of homeostasis on board. In this way, a fundamental building block of life would be transferred to electronics and become a milestone for the future of neuromorphic engineering.
Journal Article
The best American mystery stories 2016
The Best American Mystery Stories 2016 is a feast of both literary crime and hard-boiled detection, featuring a seemingly innocent murderer, a drug dealer in love, a drunken prank gone terribly wrong, and plenty of other surprising twists and turns.
Book
Implications of bond disorder in a S=1 kagome lattice
Strong hydrogen bonds such as F···H···F offer new strategies to fabricate molecular architectures exhibiting novel structures and properties. Along these lines and, to potentially realize hydrogen-bond mediated superexchange interactions in a frustrated material, we synthesized [H
F]
[Ni
F
(Fpy)
][SbF
]
(Fpy = 3-fluoropyridine). It was found that positionally-disordered H
F
ions link neutral NiF
(Fpy)
moieties into a kagome lattice with perfect 3-fold rotational symmetry. Detailed magnetic investigations combined with density-functional theory (DFT) revealed weak antiferromagnetic interactions (J ~ 0.4 K) and a large positive-D of 8.3 K with m
= 0 lying below m
= ±1. The observed weak magnetic coupling is attributed to bond-disorder of the H
F
ions which leads to disrupted Ni-F···H-F-H···F-Ni exchange pathways. Despite this result, we argue that networks such as this may be a way forward in designing tunable materials with varying degrees of frustration.
Journal Article
Innovative Self-optimising Clamping Force Strategy for the Pushbelt CVT
The efficiency of continuously variable transmissions (CVT) based on the pushbelt principle is dominated by oil pump and variator losses that are directly related to the clamping force between the belt and pulleys. Currently applied safety strategies lead to relatively high forces that prevent destructive slip under all conditions. Recently, vehicle tests have shown that a large efficiency increase and significant fuel savings can be reached when the variator is operated close to the slip limit [1].
This paper describes the theory and realization of a self-optimizing control algorithm that is based on the transfer behavior of the variator in which slip and other effects play a role. The new algorithm does not need a given setpoint and so keeps the control simple and robust. It controls the clamping force to low values under both static and dynamic conditions without requiring additional or adapted hardware.
The new algorithm enables an accelerated introduction of new CVT controller technology to the market and will help the CVT to maintain its forefront position on fuel consumption.
Journal Article
The economics of sport
Examines demand for sport, sport as business, contest theory, organization of sports leagues, broadcasting, competition law, subsidies for professional sports in the US, gambling, and cheating in contests; 10 articles. Contents: The assessment: the economics of sport, by Stefan Szymanski; Demand for sport, by Jeffery Borland and Robert Macdonald; Sport as business, by Andrew Zimbalist; Contest theory and sport, by Bernd Frick; The organization of sports leagues, by Roger G. Noll; Broadcasting and sport, by Tom Hoehn and David Lancefield; Competition law as a constraint on monopolistic exploitation by sports leagues and clubs, by Stephen F. Ross; Evaluating subsidies for professional sports in the United States and Europe: a public-sector primer, by Robert A. Baade; Sports and gambling, by David Forrest and Robert SImmons; Cheating in contests, by Ian Preston and Stefan Szymanski.
Journal Article
LETTERS, FAXES & E-MAIL Millner has tagged an issue
(Regarding the editorial \"Prepare for proposed rail lines,\" Dec. 12:) The monorail, a form of light rail proposed by Cobb Commission Chairman Bill Byrne, can meet the needs not only of Cobb but also of the region. With a capacity of more than 200,000 people per day per line, and at a cost of one-fifth that of MARTA's heavy rail, the 70 mph monorail is a hands-down choice. It costs half that of light-rail streetcars and can operate with little or no subsidy. Why doesn't MARTA build up to five miles of monorail instead of only one mile of heavy rail? And since monorail is faster to build, and less disruptive, why doesn't MARTA choose a technology more suitable to clean up our air, move people and avoid disrupting neighborhoods?
Newspaper Article
