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for the COPDGene Investigators Rationale: Over the last decade concerns about increased cancer risk from medical radiation exposure have motivated technological advances enabling reduced dose CT imaging. The purpose of this work is to compare quantitative measures of emphysema calculated from reduced dose CT, with and without iterative reconstruction, with those computed using an earlier, higher dose protocol.

THE ensuing Christmas and New Year's days will fall on Sunday, and in pursuance of the acts of 1865 and 1870, the following day will be a holiday. Under the act of 1865 promissory notes and drafts, maturing Sunday, December 25th, and Sunday. January 1st, would have become due the Tuesday succeeding each such Sunday, and notes, etc., maturing Monday, December 26th, and Monday, January 2d, would have become due the Saturday preceding each Monday. In other words, Monday's paper was payable before Sunday's--an awkward result, caused by the words \"when such days fall on Sunday,\" in the latter part of the act; the effect of these words being to exclude the Monday which the act had previously declared should, for certain purposes, be treated as Sunday, from the days concerning which the act declared that paper maturing on them should be payable on Tuesday.

MR. PUNCHINELLO; I protest against certain annoyances to which a man in my office is subjected. Whereby it must be understood that I refer to myself and my official position, not to the nine by twelve apartment where the wicked and perverse can always find my sign without much seeking.

The pancreatic islets of Langerhans are multicellular micro-organs integral to maintaining glucose homeostasis through secretion of the hormone insulin. β-cells within the islet exist as a highly coupled electrical network which coordinates electrical activity and insulin release at high glucose, but leads to global suppression at basal glucose. Despite its importance, how network dynamics generate this emergent binary on/off behavior remains to be elucidated. Previous work has suggested that a small threshold of quiescent cells is able to suppress the entire network. By modeling the islet as a Boolean network, we predicted a phase-transition between globally active and inactive states would emerge near this threshold number of cells, indicative of critical behavior. This was tested using islets with an inducible-expression mutation which renders defined numbers of cells electrically inactive, together with pharmacological modulation of electrical activity. This was combined with real-time imaging of intracellular free-calcium activity [Ca2+]i and measurement of physiological parameters in mice. As the number of inexcitable cells was increased beyond ∼15%, a phase-transition in islet activity occurred, switching from globally active wild-type behavior to global quiescence. This phase-transition was also seen in insulin secretion and blood glucose, indicating physiological impact. This behavior was reproduced in a multicellular dynamical model suggesting critical behavior in the islet may obey general properties of coupled heterogeneous networks. This study represents the first detailed explanation for how the islet facilitates inhibitory activity in spite of a heterogeneous cell population, as well as the role this plays in diabetes and its reversal. We further explain how islets utilize this critical behavior to leverage cellular heterogeneity and coordinate a robust insulin response with high dynamic range. These findings also give new insight into emergent multicellular dynamics in general which are applicable to many coupled physiological systems, specifically where inhibitory dynamics result from coupled networks.

To the Editor or THE POST. I respectfully ask, Is it right and fair that gentlemen, who are employed in the public departments, and who receive compensation for their services as such, should hold from the President commissions as notaries public to the great injury of notaries who open and maintain an office for that purpose? The second section of the act approved June 16, 1871, provides: