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Background/introductionCHIVA standards recommend all adolescents and young people living with HIV have an individualised care plan to transition them to adult services over time, as is appropriate to their age, developmental stage and social circumstances. Within the UK, adolescents living with HIV acquire the infection either via vertical transmission or sexual acquisition. These 2 groups differ in terms of medical, social and psychological needs, with the former group historically doing less well in terms of adherence and prognosis compared to the latter group.Aim(s)/objectivesTo understand and characterise patients under the age of 25 attending for HIV care in a provincial UK adult HIV clinic, and identify care needs.MethodsCase note review of all HIV positive patients attending care under the age of 25.ResultsOf 39 patients (29 male, 10 female), mode of transmission was 27(69%) sexual, 11(28%) vertical, and 1 unknown. The vertically-acquired cohort have lower CD4 counts (64% vs 93% CD4 >350), more resistance mutations (including triple class resistance) and lower rates of viral suppression (45% vs 90%) compared to the sexually-acquired cohort. Retention in care is also lower, (72% vs 92% attending in the last year). STI rates are high overall but higher in the sexual transmission cohort, 75% vs 55%.Discussion/conclusionThe under 25 HIV clinic cohort comprises 2 distinct groups: a vertically -acquired cohort with poorer outcomes, who consistently require more support and motivation to remain engaged in care; and a sexually-acquired cohort who adhere to HAART, but have higher rates of STIs and would benefit from support involving motivational interviewing and health promotion.

Introduction: A chronic condition does not just affect the individual diagnosed, but also their families. The process of adaptation, following the onset of symptoms, can be complex requiring flexibility from the family. This may be especially pertinent with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) which is characterised by unpredictable flare-ups and an uncertain disease trajectory. Families negotiating JIA may be at an increased vulnerability of distress as a result of additional demands placed upon their resources. This may have implications for health services. It is therefore important to understand family experiences of living with a chronic condition in order to support families throughout the adaptation process. To date, the majority of studies have investigated individual family members’ reports in order to assess family functioning, but these investigations have neglected to study the family as a unit. Method: This study utilised a multiple-perspective case study design in order to explore family experiences of JIA. Two families were recruited from a paediatric rheumatology service in Leeds. Family group interviews were conducted and five of the seven participating family members completed follow-up individual interviews, which used a semi-structured interviewing format. Interviews were transcribed and an interpretative phenomenological approach was used to analyse each case study. A synthesis of the results was also conducted. Results: Four master themes were identified from the first family interviews. These were: negotiating power, not letting go: managing transitions, when the invisible becomes visible and just getting on with it. Four master themes were also identified from the second family: a positive outlook, being ‘normal’, power and empowerment and medications: friend or foe. Analysis also focused upon how both families negotiated their understandings of JIA. Five themes were identified following a synthesis of the case study data. These were: Just getting on with it and maintaining a sense of normality, battling, fighting and the negotiation of power, transitioning, JIA as a hidden condition and negotiating understandings. Discussion: The themes relating most significantly to the research aims: just getting on with it and maintaining a sense of normality, battling, fighting and the negotiation of power and negotiating understandings, from the synthesised data were discussed within the context of the existing chronic health conditions and family communication literature. The study’s methodological strengths and limitations were also presented following the discussion of the themes. Clinical implications relating to families experiencing JIA and services providing care to these families was discussed throughout the discussion chapter, and finally, recommendations for further research were outlined.

This study examined whether color perception is atypical in children with autism. In experiment 1, accuracy of color memory and search was compared for children with autism and typically developing children matched on age and non-verbal cognitive ability. Children with autism were significantly less accurate at color memory and search than controls. In experiment 2, chromatic discrimination and categorical perception of color were assessed using a target detection task. Children with autism were less accurate than controls at detecting chromatic targets when presented on chromatic backgrounds, although were equally as fast when target detection was accurate. The strength of categorical perception of color did not differ for the two groups. Implications for theories on perceptual development in autism are discussed.