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A match made in heaven
Aspiring comic book artist Morning Glory Conroy is delighted to be in a relationship with new student Gabriel, but her best friend Julia needs her, Gabriel's cousin Luci keeps causing trouble, and other crises keep arising, making her wonder if the heavens are against them.
Book
Commensal Hafnia alvei strain reduces food intake and fat mass in obese mice—a new potential probiotic for appetite and body weight management
Background/objectivesBased on the recent identification of E.coli heat shock protein ClpB as a mimetic of the anorexigenic α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), the objective of this study was to preclinically validate Hafnia alvei, a ClpB-producing commensal bacterium as a potential probiotic for appetite and body weight management in overweight and obesity.MethodsThe involvement of enterobacterial ClpB in the putative anti-obesity effects was studied using ClpB-deficient E.coli. A food-grade H. alvei HA4597 strain synthetizing the ClpB protein with an α-MSH-like motif was selected as a candidate probiotic to be tested in ob/ob and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese and overweight mice. The relevance of the enterobacterial ClpB gene to human obesity was studied by in silico analysis of fecal metagenomes of 569 healthy individuals from the “MetaHIT” database.ResultsChronic per os administration of native but not ClpB-deficient E.coli strain reduced body weight gain (p < 0.05) and daily meal frequency (p < 0.001) in ob/ob mice. Oral gavage of H.alvei for 18 and 46 days in ob/ob and HFD-fed obese mice, respectively, was well tolerated, reduced body weight gain and fat mass in both obesity models (p < 0.05) and decreased food intake in hyperphagic ob/ob mice (p < 0.001). Elevated fat tissue levels of phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase were detected in H.alvei -treated ob/ob mice (p < 0.01). Enterobacterial ClpB gene richness was lower in obese vs. non-obese humans (p < 0.0001) and correlated negatively with BMI in genera of Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Hafnia.ConclusionsH.alvei HA4597 strain reduces food intake, body weight and fat mass gain in hyperphagic and obese mice. These data combined with low enterobacterial ClpB gene abundance in the microbiota of obese humans provide the rationale for using H.alvei as a probiotic for appetite and body weight management in overweight and obesity.
Journal Article
Digital health literacy, online information-seeking behaviour, and satisfaction of Covid-19 information among the university students of East and South-East Asia
During the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a growing interest in online information about coronavirus worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the digital health literacy (DHL) level, information-seeking behaviour, and satisfaction of information on COVID-19 among East and South-East Asia university students. This cross-sectional web-based study was conducted between April to June 2020 by recruiting students from universities in China, Malaysia, and the Philippines. University students who have Internet access were invited to participate in the study. Items on sociodemographic variables, DHL, information-seeking behaviour, and information satisfaction were included in the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were conducted. A total of 5302 university students responded to the survey. The overall mean score across the four DHL subscales was 2.89 (SD: 0.42). Search engines (e.g., Google, Bing, Yahoo) (92.0%) and social media (88.4%) were highly utilized by the students, whereas Websites of doctors or health insurance companies were of lower utilization (64.7%). Across the domains (i.e., adding self-generated content, determining relevance, evaluating reliability, and protecting privacy) higher DHL was positively associated with higher usage of trustworthy resources. Providing online information on COVID-19 at official university websites and conducting health talks or web-based information dissemination about the strategies for mental health challenges during pandemic could be beneficial to the students. Strengthening DHL among university students will enhance their critical thinking and evaluation of online resources, which could direct them to the quality and trustworthy information sources on COVID-19.
Journal Article
Fructose and irritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder characterised by recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort and transit disturbances with heterogeneous pathophysiological mechanisms. The link between food and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms is often reported by patients with IBS and the role of fructose has recently been highlighted. Fructose malabsorption can easily be assessed by hydrogen and/or methane breath test in response to 25 g fructose; and its prevalence is about 22 % in patients with IBS. The mechanism of fructose-related symptoms is incompletely understood. Osmotic load, fermentation and visceral hypersensitivity are likely to participate in GI symptoms in the IBS population and may be triggered or worsened by fructose. A low-fructose diet could be integrated in the overall treatment strategy, but its role and implication in the improvement of IBS symptoms should be evaluated. In the present review, we discuss fructose malabsorption in adult patients with IBS and the interest of a low-fructose diet in order to underline the important role of fructose in IBS.
Journal Article
مصائر عشر نساء : رواية /
مجموعة مترادفات قصصية للأديب الصيني «ما تشونغ جينغ» ضمن سلسلة إبداعات أدب الأقليات الصينية، وتضم قصصا قصيرة لعادات الأقليات الصينية، وسلوكيات العائلات في المناسبات الدينية والاحتفالات الأخرى المختلفة، وتتباين فيها الشخصيات والزمان والمكان، لتضع القارئ أمام رسم أدبي يشرح حياة الأقليات الصينية المليئة بالتناص.
Book
Glucose fluctuation promotes mitochondrial dysfunctions in the cardiomyocyte cell line HL-1
Aims Glycemic variability has been suggested as a risk factor for diabetes complications but the precise deleterious mechanisms remain poorly understood. Since mitochondria are the main source of energy in heart and cardiovascular diseases remain the first cause of death in patients with diabetes, the aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of glucose swings on mitochondrial functions in the cardiomyocyte cell line HL-1. Methods HL-1 cells were exposed to low (LG, 2.8 mmol/l), normal (NG, 5.5 mmol/l), high (HG, 25 mmol/l) or intermittent high glucose (IHG, swing between low and high) every 2h during 12h (short-time treatment) or every 12h during 72h (long-time treatment). Anaerobic catabolism of glucose was evaluated by measuring glucose consumption and lactate production, oxidative phosphorylation was evaluated by polarography and ATP measurement, mitochondrial superoxide anions and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were analysed using fluorescent probes, and the protein oxidation was measured by oxyblot. Results IHG and HG increased glucose consumption and lactate production compared to LG and NG but without any difference between short- and long-time treatments. After 72h and unlike to LG, NG and HG, we didn’t observe any increase of the mitochondrial respiration in the presence of succinate upon IHG treatment. IHG, and to a lesser extent HG, promoted a time-dependent decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential compared to LG and NG treatments. HG and IHG also increased superoxide anion production compared to LG and NG both at 12 and 72h but with a higher increase for IHG at 72h. At last, both HG and IHG stimulated protein oxidation at 72h compared to LG and NG treatments. Conclusions Our results demonstrated that exposure of HL-1 cells to glucose swings promoted time-dependent mitochondrial dysfunctions suggesting a deleterious effect of such condition in patients with diabetes that could contribute to diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Journal Article
Tales from dayrut
\"This collection of fourteen connected stories and a novella takes us deep into Upper Egypt and the village of Dayrut al-Sharif, in which Mohamed Mustagab was born. To depict a world renowned for its poverty, ignorance, vendettas, and implacable code of honor, Mustagab deploys the black humor and Swiftian sarcasm of the insider who knows his society only too well. When the stillness of a day's end is shattered by a single gunshot, poignant beauty merges seamlessly into horror, and when a police officer seeking to unravel a murder finds himself with more body parts than he knows what to do with, violence tips as easily into farce. In counterpoint, the author's often surrealist imagination explores the mysteries of a landscape where seductive women haunt dusty paths and a man may find himself crushed like a worm beneath another's foot. Elsewhere, the horizons of 'my village' expand to include other countries (the author worked in the Arabian Peninsula for a number of years), where equally disastrous consequences follow on folly and self-delusion. Previously almost unknown in English, Mustagab's voice is both original and disturbing.\"--Back cover.
Book
What influences the decision by primary care doctors to recommend cancer screening? A qualitative evidence synthesis
ObjectivesThis review synthesised evidence from studies about the perceptions and experiences of primary care doctors (PCDs) regarding the factors that influenced or inhibited their decision to recommend cancer screening.DesignQualitative evidence synthesis (QES) following the ENTREQ (Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research) guideline.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library for eligible studies that were published between 1 January 2000 and 22 January 2025.Eligibility criteriaWe included peer-reviewed studies which involved PCDs (in private or public settings in any country), covered cancer screening guideline recommendations and written in English.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers conducted article screening, data extraction, quality assessment and coding. The review team discussed, reviewed, and refined the descriptive themes and analytical themes to reach higher-level interpretation.ResultsNine studies were included in this QES. The synthesis of evidence identified three main analytical themes. First, PCDs demonstrated positive attitudes towards cancer screening guidelines even though there were some concerns regarding false-negative results and colonoscopy-related complications as well as a perceived lack of rewards/compensation for adhering to screening guidelines. Second, implementation challenges were noted including patient factors, PCD-related inhibitors, health system-related barriers and challenges related to cancer awareness and beliefs. Thirdly, the factors that were perceived by PCDs to facilitate guideline adherence included integration of digital record systems, reminders and raising community awareness about screening. Only one study was conducted in a low-middle-income country, and it indicated that resource limitations, including the unavailability of FOBT tests, were reported to reduce PCDs’ motivation to implement cancer screening recommendations. In addition, cancer-related stigma, cultural beliefs and misconceptions about cancer—such as preferring home or religious remedies—were perceived as barriers to screening uptake, highlighting the need for stronger public health education and awareness initiatives.ConclusionThere tends to be good adherence to screening guidelines among PCDs across various countries and healthcare systems at least relating to colorectal cancer and, to a lesser extent, cervical cancer. Studies about adherence to BC screening in primary care are required. The incorporation of an array of interrelated factors appears to facilitate adherence. We know less about cancer guideline adherence in resource-constrained settings, and there is a need for studies in primary care in LMICs.
Journal Article