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The present study aimed to analyse the associations between spatiotemporal characteristics of the setting and the origin of the ball in terms of the game complexes for junior female volleyball teams. Multinomial logistic regression and multiple correspondence analysis were applied to analyse 3.675 setting actions (Complex I = 1.593, Complex II = 2.082) in the final phase of the Greek Junior Championship. Results showed that the origin of the ball from the left lane of the court eases the setter for an accurate setting during CI while passing from the right lane incommodes the setter during CII. Regarding setting zone, for accurate setting, odds are increased by 3.2 for zone 4 during CI while decreased by 23.8 for zone 3 during CII. The junior setters' distribution of setting is predictable and creates favourable conditions for the opponent to deal with it. The improvement ofjunior female setters' ability to follow the team's offensive tactic regardless of the ball's origin, to manipulate passes received from the right lane of the court during CII and the acceleration of setting tempo for the wing hitters could be training goals for coaches.

Brill's Companion to the Reception of Plutarch offers the first comprehensive analysis of Plutarch's rich reception history from the high Roman Empire, Late Antiquity and Byzantium to the Renaissance, Enlightenment, and the modern era, across various cultures in Europe, America, North Africa, and the Middle East.

The circulation of books was the motor of classical civilization. However, books were both expensive and rare, and so libraries - private and public, royal and civic - played key roles in articulating intellectual life. This collection, written by an international team of scholars, presents a fundamental reassessment of how ancient libraries came into being, how they were organized and how they were used. Drawing on papyrology and archaeology, and on accounts written by those who read and wrote in them, it presents new research on reading cultures, on book collecting and on the origins of monumental library buildings. Many of the traditional stories told about ancient libraries are challenged. Few were really enormous, none were designed as research centres, and occasional conflagrations do not explain the loss of most ancient texts. But the central place of libraries in Greco-Roman culture emerges more clearly than ever.

This collection of essays by a team of international scholars offers a wide-ranging examination of the key concepts of 'space and time' in the work of the Greek biographer and philosopher Plutarch of Chaeronea (1st-2nd centuries CE). Combining philological and socio-cultural approaches, the essays demonstrate how space and time can shed new light on Plutarch's biographical, philosophical, religious and political thought.

In volleyball, the performance in the passing affects the setter's strategy and the effectiveness of the attack after the reception or defense. This study aims to assess the spatial and temporal characteristics of the setting choices made by junior female volleyball setters and their performance concerning the origin of the ball and the game complex. The sample for this analysis consists of 3728 setting actions (Complex I = 1.616, Complex II = 1.212). A three-member group of experienced coaches assessed the setting zones' choices as well as the setting tempo and the performance of junior female setters from 20 volleyball games of teams competing in the final phase of the Greek Junior Championship. The variables under consideration were complex of the game (C1 & CII), origin of the ball (left/middle/right lane for the vertical and front/centre/back lane for the horizontal axis of the court), setting zone (six zones of the court), setting tempo (1st, 2nd & 3rd tempo) and setting performance in a five-level ordinal scale. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability coefficients were estimated using Cohen's kappa coefficient with acceptable values. The test of independence for the categorical variables was carried out using the chisquare test. Following the overall independence test, the difference in proportions among all levels of variables was tested. Results showed that junior female setters regardless of the complex and the origin of the ball choose zone 4 in a 3rd tempo, performed in a moderate and good setting. However, the origin of the ball was an important variable for the subsequent setting. The most preferable route of the ball was from a pass in the left lane of the court to an attack in zone 4 regardless of the game complex. Additionally, setters when receiving the ball from the left and middle lane of the court prefer more often zone 3 in 1st tempo, during CI than CII. The results of the study will give useful directions to the coaches of the specific age category regarding the creation of appropriate training programs for the individual improvement of the setters and teams.

Millennium überschreitet Grenzen, Grenzen zwischen den Epochen und regionalen Räumen wie auch Grenzen zwischen den Disziplinen. Die Schriftenreihe Millennium-Studien ist, genauso wie das Jahrbuch, international, interdisziplinär und epochenübergreifend ausgerichtet. Das Herausgebergremium und der Beirat repräsentieren ein breites Spektrum von Fächern: Kunst- und literaturwissenschaftliche Beiträge kommen ebenso zu ihrem Recht wie historische, theologische und philosophische, Arbeiten zu den lateinischen und griechischen Kulturen genauso wie zu den nordafrikanischen und vorderasiatischen. In die Studien finden einschlägige Monographien und Sammelwerke aus dem gesamten Themenspektrum Aufnahme, zudem Kommentare und Editionen. Publikationssprachen sind vornehmlich Deutsch und Englisch; die Aufnahme französischer, italienischer und spanischer Arbeiten ist möglich. Reihenherausgeber*innen Wolfram Brandes, Frankfurt, Deutschland (Byzantinistik und Frühes Mittelalter): brandeswolfram@gmail.com [brandeswolfram@gmail.com] Laura Carrara, Pisa, Italien (Gräzistik): laura.carrara@unipi.it [laura.carrara@unipi.it] Dennis Pausch, Marburg, Deutschland (Latinistik): dennis.pausch@uni-marburg.de [dennis.pausch@uni-marburg.de] Rene Pfeilschifter, Würzburg, Deutschland (Alte Geschichte): Rene.Pfeilschifter@uni-wuerzburg.de [Rene.Pfeilschifter@uni-wuerzburg.de] Karla Pollmann, Tübingen, Deutschland (Frühes Christentum und Patristik): karla.pollmann@uni-tuebingen.de [karla.pollmann@uni-tuebingen.de] Falls Sie ein Manuskript für die Millennium-Studien einreichen möchten, bitten wir Sie, sich an den fachnächsten Reihenherausgeber zu wenden. Alle Manuskripte werden von dem jeweiligen Reihenherausgeber und von einem externen Gutachter beurteilt. Dabei gilt das Single-blind peer review-Verfahren. Wissenschaftlicher Beirat: Phil Booth, University of Oxford, UK Patricia Ciner, National University of San Juan, Argentinien Babett Edelmann-Singer, Freie Universität Berlin, Deutschland Philip Forness, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgien Lea Niccolai, Trinity College, University of Cambridge, Vereinigtes Königreich Claudia Rapp, Universität Wien, Österreich Verena Schulz, Katholische Universität Eichstätt, Deutschland Chiara Tommasi, Università di Pisa, Italien Lieve Van Hoof, Universität Ghent, Belgien

The family of human kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) numbers 15 serine proteinases implicated in tumour progression. Despite the wide tissue distribution of KLKs and the numerous reports of their differential expression in pathological settings, the signalling mechanism(s) whereby these enzymes regulate tissue function are not yet known. Further, knowledge of the levels of their activity, as well as of their potential endogenous targets, has only been extracted from in vitro studies and cell culture systems. We hypothesized that KLKs can trigger tumour signalling via proteinase-activated receptors (PARs), a family of G-protein-coupled receptors. To test our hypothesis, we evaluated the ability of KLKs 5, 6, and 14: to activate or prevent signalling via PARs 1, 2, and 4 in cells and tissues expressing these receptors. Further, we used a novel activity-based probe approach, coupled with conventional immunoassay (ELISA), to determine the abundance of active KLK6 relative to total immunoreactive KLK6 in cancer-related biological fluids. We concluded that KLKs can regulate multiple signalling pathways triggered by PARs 1, 2, and 4, resulting in calcium release, platelet aggregation and vascular relaxation, and they can cause murine inflammation. Further, our activity-based ELISA demonstrated the presence of active KLK6 in ovarian cancer ascites fluids and cancer cell supernatants. We, therefore, suggest that tumours can produce active KLKs, which can potentially control tumour behaviour by regulating PAR activity.

Kallikrein 6 is a member of the kallikrein family of secreted serine proteases. hK6 is elevated in serum and ascites fluid of ovarian cancer patients and related to the stage of disease. We hypothesized that KLK6 can be utilized to monitor blood dissemination of ovarian cancer cells. After establishing a sensitive method of identifying KLK6 transcripts, we were able to detect 15 tumour cells spiked in 10ml of anti-coagulated blood. A screening of disseminated cells in blood from 22 ovarian cancer patients showed 72% sensitivity but the specificity was only 20%. Thus, this method does not posses clinical value. Screening of ascites fluid of these patients had 88% sensitivity for ovarian cancer and 25% for non-gynecological cancer. Significant correlations were identified among kallikreins 4,5,6,7,8,10,11,13,14 in ascites fluid. We have shown that these kallikreins may serve to differentially diagnose ovarian cancer from other cancer types or non-malignant diseases causing ascites production.

Cancer is considered the most important clinical, social and economic issue regarding cause-specific disability-adjusted life years among all human pathologies. Exogenous, endogenous and individual factors, including genetic predisposition, participate in cancer triggering. Telomeres are specific DNA structures positioned at the end of chromosomes and consist of repetitive nucleotide sequences, which, together with shelterin proteins, facilitate the maintenance of chromosome stability, while protecting them from genomic erosion. Even though the connection between telomere status and carcinogenesis has been identified, the absence of a universal or even a cancer-specific trend renders consent even more complex. It is indicative that both short and long telomere lengths have been associated with a high risk of cancer incidence. When evaluating risk associations between cancer and telomere length, a disparity appears to emerge. Even though shorter telomeres have been adopted as a marker of poorer health status and an older biological age, longer telomeres due to increased cell growth potential are associated with the acquirement of cancer-initiating somatic mutations. Therefore, the present review aimed to comprehensively present the multifaceted pattern of telomere length and cancer incidence association.