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Ventilated facades represent a modern solution increasingly adopted in smart, low-energy building designs. A critical consideration in the implementation of these systems is ensuring fire resistance while simultaneously minimizing the risk of fire propagation. Modern ventilated facade solutions incorporate solar energy storage using phase change materials (PCMs). This study explores the fire performance of storage mass composed of spheres integrating paraffin-based phase-change materials combined with AlO nanomaterials in order to enhance thermal conductivity (nePCM). The investigation focuses on the behavior of these composite materials under fire conditions, providing insights into their safety and efficacy in sustainable building applications.

The increasing concerns about CO2 emissions and climate change have pointed out the urgency of promoting sustainability in the building sector. One promising solution to enhance the energy efficiency of buildings and diminish environmental impact is the integration of phase-change materials (PCMs) into ventilated façade systems. This review article critically examines the current state of research on this innovative approach, with a particular focus on fire safety considerations. The paper explores the integration of PCM into ventilated façades, highlighting the potential for significant improvements in energy consumption, thermal comfort, and reductions in CO2 emissions. However, the flammability of PCMs introduces substantial fire safety challenges that must be addressed to ensure the safe application of this solution. The fire safety of both ventilated façades and PCMs is approached, followed by specific fire safety concerns when PCMs are integrated into ventilated façade systems. The conclusion states that while the integration of PCMs into ventilated façades offers substantial environmental benefits, attention to fire safety is essential. This necessitates the implementation of rigorous fire protection measures during the design and construction phases. By addressing both the environmental advantages and fire safety challenges, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential and limitations of PCM-integrated ventilated façades, offering valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and policymakers in the field of sustainable buildings.

The paper presents a comparative analysis of two fire scenarios simulated using PyroSim, within a 7050 m² warehouse designated for paint storage. The first scenario excludes the activation of the ESFR sprinkler system, while the second evaluates its efficiency. Parameters such as heat release rate and temperature distribution are monitored. The results show a significant reduction in peak temperature (from 970 °C to 135 °C) and fire intensity, highlighting the essential role of sprinkler systems in limiting fire spread, protecting assets, and ensuring personnel safety.

Fire simulation is a crucial tool in modern engineering for improving fire safety in constructions, especially in complex compartmental designs. It provides practical insights into structural fire behavior, the impact of combustible materials, and fire development, aiding in the formulation of effective fire safety measures. PyroSim, a graphical interface based on the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), simplifies the creation and management of complex fire models. It supports file imports from Aut°CAD DXF and DWG formats, offers background options from GIF, JPG, or PNG drawings, and includes tools for creating and validating multiple meshes. These simulations are essential for obtaining comprehensive data on various fire-related properties, such as temperatures, gas concentrations, smoke volume, pressures, and more, to ensure alignment with real-world conditions.

This study investigates the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, employing PyroSim and the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), to analyze fire dynamics in a textile warehouse. The research focuses on modeling a specific fire scenario to assess fire propagation, temperature distribution, smoke movement, and visibility conditions. The results are intended to inform fire safety strategies and evaluate the effectiveness of existing fire prevention measures in such facilities