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Square in square concrete-filled double-skin steel tube (CFDST) columns are widely preferred on account of their convenient nodal structural form and efficient construction process. In order to investigate the axial compression behavior of the columns after lateral impact, a precise numerical model for the post-impact axial compression of square in square CFDST columns was established using the finite element package, and was validated by existing experiments and studies. The residual axial compression bearing capacity of the columns after lateral impact has been analyzed. The typical vertical load–axial displacement curve, the failure mode and stress distribution of the columns have been studied. The parametric analysis has been also carried out to explore the influence of key parameters. Lastly, based on the parametric analysis, a simplified formula has been proposed to estimate the residual axial compression bearing capacity of the columns. The results show that under lateral impact, the columns generally exhibit a flexural failure mode. Local indentation occurs at the impact location, and buckling also appears at the bottom of the fixed support section. The coefficient of residual axial compression bearing capacity decreases with the increase of impact energy, slenderness ratio, and concrete strength, and increases significantly with the increase of steel strength.

A dual-emission ratiometric fluorescent sensing system based on boron-doped carbon quantum dots (B-CQDs) and gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) has been developed for the determination of xanthine. The blue fluorescence of B-CQDs at 445 nm is then reduced by the AuNCs through the inner filter effect (IFE) under a single excitation wavelength of 370 nm. By the catalysis of xanthine oxidase (XOD), xanthine is oxidized by oxygen dissolved in the solution to produce H 2 O 2 . The horseradish peroxidase (HRP) catalyzes H 2 O 2 to generate hydroxyl radicals, which can quench the fluorescence of AuNCs, leading to the recovery of the fluorescence of B-CQDs. Based on the relationship between the fluorescence intensity ratio ( F 445 / F 665 ) and the concentration of xanthine, the designed method exhibits a good linearity range of 1.2–500.0 μmol L −1 and a limit of detection of 0.37 μmol L −1 . The ratiometric fluorescent is applied to determine xanthine in human urine samples. Good recoveries of spiked samples in the range 99.2–105.0% are obtained by the proposed assay, with relative standard deviations (RSD) ranging from 0.9 to 2.6%. Graphical abstract

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potential lethal disease that is defined by an irreversible dilatation (>50%) of the aorta. During AAA expansion, the aortic wall is often remodeled, which is featured by extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration, medial and adventitial inflammation, depletion and phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Recent studies have suggested microRNAs as vital regulators for vascular SMC function. Our earlier work demonstrated an anti-AAA role of miR-126-5p in ApoE−/− mice infused with angiotensin (Ang) II. The present study aimed to further elucidate its role in AAA pathogenesis with a focus on aortic SMC phenotypic switching. Ventricular zone expressed PH domain containing 1 (VEPH1) was identified as a novel negative regulator for vascular SMC differentiation by our group, and its expression was negatively correlated to miR-126-5p in mouse abdominal aortas based on the present microarray data. In vivo, in addition attenuating Ang II infusion-induced aortic dilation and elastin degradation, miR-126-5p agomirs also significantly reduced the expression of VEPH1. In vitro, to induce synthetic transition of human aortic smooth muscle cells (hAoSMCs), cells were stimulated with 1 μM Ang II for 24 h. Ectopic overexpression of miR-126-5p restored the differentiation of hAoSMCs—the expression of contractile/differentiated SMC markers, MYH11, and α-SMA, increased, whilst that of synthetic/dedifferentiated SMC markers, PCNA and Vimentin, decreased. Both mus and homo VEPH1 genes were validated as direct targets for miR-126-5p. VEPH1 re-expression impaired miR-126-5p-induced differentiation of hAoSMCs. In addition, Ang II-induced upregulation in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP2, two key proteases responsible for ECM degradation, in mouse aortas and hAoSMCs was reduced by miR-126-5p overexpression as well. Collectively, these results reveal an important, but previously unexplored, role of miR-126-5p in inhibiting AAA development-associated aortic SMC dedifferentiation. MiR-126-5p expression decreases abdominal aorta dilation in mice with Ang II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and its agomirs limit experimental AAA formation. MiR-126-5p inhibits Ang II- and PDGF-BB-induced dedifferentiation of aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs) in vitro. MiR-126-5p promotes contractile switching of AoSMCs exposed to Ang II by targeting VEPH1.

With the expansion and prevalence of financial certification, problems of financial security have been springing up. How to ensure the security of financial information and protect our privacy is an issue of particular concern. In order to reduce the influence of chaotic periodicity on cipher-text, an image dynamic encryption algorithm based on hybrid chaotic system and deep network is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the hybrid chaotic system is constructed to combine many mapping functions by using the nonlinear combination mechanism, and the chaotic sequence is outputted to generate the initial value of hybrid chaotic system by using the pixel value. Then the plain-text pixel values are adopted to generate the initial value of the hybrid system for improving the anti-plain attack ability of the algorithm; Artificial neural network is used to process chaotic sequences, and effectively eliminate chaotic periodicity; The classification and encryption of permutation image are realized by constructing quantization method and hetero-diffusion technology. The experimental results show that our proposed encryption technology has higher security and stronger ability to resist plain-text attack compared with the existing image encryption algorithms, which adapts to enhance the security of the financial system.

A MnO 2 nanosheet-assisted ratiometric fluorescence probe based on carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and o-phenylenediamine (OPD) has been developed for the detection of the anticancer drug 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). CQDs with strong fluorescence are synthesized via the one-step hydrothermal method. MnO 2 nanosheets as an oxidase-mimicking nanomaterial directly oxidize OPD into 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP) which has a fluorescence emission at 570 nm, whereas the fluorescence of CQDs at 445 nm is then reduced by the DAP through the inner filter effect (IFE) under a single excitation wavelength (370 nm). After adding 6-MP, MnO 2 nanosheets can be reduced to Mn 2+ and lose their oxidase-like property, blocking the IFE with the fluorescence decrease of DAP and fluorescence increase of CQDs. The novel ratiometric fluorescence probe exhibits considerable sensitivity toward 6-MP and linear response is in the 0.46–100.0 μmol L −1 concentration range with the detection limit of 0.14 μmol L −1 . Furthermore, the probe shows good selectivity when exposed to a series of interfering other organic and inorganic compounds, and biomolecules and can be applied to the detection for 6-MP in human serum samples and pharmaceutical tablets. Satisfactory recoveries of 6-MP in human serum samples are in the range 96.1–110.9% with the RSD of 1.4 to 3.2%. The amount of 6-MP is successfully estimated as 49.3 mg in pharmaceutical tablet with the RSD of about  2.2%. Graphical abstract

Creating and maintaining a favorable microenvironment for electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction (eCO 2 RR) is challenging due to the vigorous interactions with both gas and electrolyte solution during the electrocatalysis. Herein, to boost the performance of eCO 2 RR, a unique synthetic method that deploys the in situ reduction of precoated precursors is developed to produce activated Ag nanoparticles (NPs) within the gas diffusion layer (GDL), where the thus-obtained Ag NPs-Skeleton can block direct contact between the active Ag sites and electrolyte. Specifically, compared to the conventional surface loading mode in the acidic media, our freestanding and binder free electrode can achieve obvious higher CO selectivity of 94%, CO production rate of 23.3 mol g −1 h −1 , single-pass CO 2 conversion of 58.6%, and enhanced long-term stability of 8 hours. Our study shows that delivering catalysts within the GDL does not only gain the desired physical protection from GDL skeleton to achieve a superior local microenvironment for more efficient pH-universal eCO 2 RR, but also manifests the pore structures to effectively address gas accumulation and flood issues. Creating and maintaining a superior microenvironment is challenging for electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction. Here the authors report an in situ activation method to deliver silver nanoparticles within the gas diffusion layer, constructing a feasible and stable interfacial microenvironment.

[...]the unrevised versions of Tables 1–4 were published. MACE = Major adverse cardiovascular events, DM = diabetes mellitus, BMI = body mass index, CAD = coronary artery disease, CACS = Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring, SIS = segment involvement score, SSS = segment stenosis score, HRP = high-risk plaque, MBF = myocardial blood flow, CI = confidence interval, HR = hazard ratio. [...]the statement \"The Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated that patients with DM had a significantly higher event rate than non-DM patients (log-rank p < 0.001; Fig. 2).\" now reads: \"MACE was substantially more common in diabetic individuals than in non-diabetics (23.9% (n = 22) vs. 11.3% (n = 27), p = 0.004).\" [...]of Tables 1–4 being incorrectly uploaded as Supplementary files, Supplementary Material 2 has been removed from the Article.

This study aimed to assess the incremental prognostic value of ischemic score quantified by stress dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). 331 patients (92 patients with DM) with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and CT-MPI were included. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) included cardiac death, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), late revascularization, and hospitalizations attributable to heart failure. Ischemic score was assessed based on reduced myocardial blood flow across 16 segments. An ischemic perfusion defect (IPD) was identified as ischemic score ≥ 4. During a median follow-up of 15 (9, 40) months, 49 patients (14.8%) experienced MACE. IPD was an independent predictor for the development of MACE in both DM (HR: 11.64, p  = 0.019) and non-DM patient groups (HR: 8.66, p  = 0.004). Adding IPD to clinical risk factors and CCTA characteristics increased the C-index for predicting MACE from 0.72 to 0.80 in DM patients ( p  = 0.005) and from 0.76 to 0.83 in non-DM patients ( p  = 0.006). IPD quantified by stress dynamic CT-MPI had incremental prognostic value over traditional clinical risk factors and anatomic parameters in both DM and non-DM patients.

Inadvertent intraoperative hypothermia (core temperature <36°C) is a frequently preventable complication with several adverse consequences. Our study aimed to determine the overall incidence of inadvertent intraoperative hypothermia and its risk factors associated with clinical outcomes in this national survey in China. We conducted a national cross-sectional study with 30 days postoperative follow-up from November 2014 through August 2015. A total of 3132 eligible patients underwent general anesthesia were randomly selected from 28 hospitals in the nationwide of China. The overall incidence of intraoperative hypothermia was as high as 44.3%, in which cumulative incidence rates of hypothermia being 17.8%, 36.2%, 42.5% and 44.1% within 1 h, 2 h, 3 h and 4 h respectively following induction of anesthesia. All patients were warmed passively by covering of surgical draping, sheets or cotton blankets, whereas only 14.2% of patients received active warming with space heaters or electric heater or electronic blankets. Compared to normothermic patients, patients with hypothermia is associated with more postoperative ICU admit, longer PACU and more postoperative hospital days, but no difference in surgical site infection (SSI) rates or 30-day mortality. Several factors were shown to be associated with decreased risk of hypothermia. They are active warming (OR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.26-0.81), BMI ≥ 25 (OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.45-0.65), higher baseline core temperature (OR = 0.04, 95% CI 0.03-0.06), and higher ambient temperature (OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.78-0.88). Risk factors associated with an increased risk of hypothermia included major-plus surgery (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.23-1.79), and long anesthesia (>2 h) (OR = 2.60, 95% CI 2.09-3.24). The incidence of intraoperative hypothermia in China is high, and the rate of active warming of patients during operation is low. Hypothermia is associated with more postoperative shivering, increased ICU admissions, and longer postoperative hospital days.

The prevalence of facial nerve injury is substantial, and the restoration of its structure and function remains a significant challenge. Autologous nerve transplantation is a common treatment for severed facial nerve injury; however, it has great limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need for clinical repair methods that can rival it. Tissue engineering nerve conduits are usually composed of scaffolds, cells and neurofactors. Tissue engineering is regarded as a promising method for facial nerve regeneration. Among different factors, the porous nerve conduit made of organic materials, which has high porosity and biocompatibility, plays an indispensable role. This review introduces facial nerve injury and the existing treatment methods and discusses the necessity of the application of porous nerve conduit. We focus on the application of porous organic polymer materials from production technology and material classification and summarize the necessity and research progress of these in repairing severed facial nerve injury, which is relatively rare in the existing articles. This review provides a theoretical basis for further research into and clinical interventions on facial nerve injury and has certain guiding significance for the development of new materials.