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Computational methods for pigmented skin lesion classification in images: review and future trends
Skin cancer is considered as one of the most common types of cancer in several countries, and its incidence rate has increased in recent years. Melanoma cases have caused an increasing number of deaths worldwide, since this type of skin cancer is the most aggressive compared to other types. Computational methods have been developed to assist dermatologists in early diagnosis of skin cancer. An overview of the main and current computational methods that have been proposed for pattern analysis and pigmented skin lesion classification is addressed in this review. In addition, a discussion about the application of such methods, as well as future trends, is also provided. Several methods for feature extraction from both macroscopic and dermoscopic images and models for feature selection are introduced and discussed. Furthermore, classification algorithms and evaluation procedures are described, and performance results for lesion classification and pattern analysis are given.
Journal Article
Finding her in history : confronting the traditions of misogyny
This monograph was cultivated from the AERA SIG, Women in Education 2016 address and delivers a brief review of his-story in terms of the lack of her-story being included through three parallel lines: 1) historical documents on formation of the family and work in and outside the home from the Paleolithic era; 2) the development of traditional religions and the subjugation of women beginning with the conniving seductress Eve; and, 3) the discussion of major wars and the nation/state policies produced throughout history with impacts on girls and women, as well, the precarious health of the planet. This brief review of his-story reveals the continued exclusion of her-story with the example of Willystine Goodsell, a historian, ironically erased from history in education. The premise that subjugation of women and children as lesser than males has been supported both in the name of protecting them and in shaming them. The combined ubiquitous effects of disequilibrium created by mankind in wars, religions, education, social capital, economics and politics, have ensured his-story is the one recorded. This monograph suggests a more balanced approach to the written her-his-story requires inclusion of all the population and the secular educating of especially girls and women.
Book
Tick-Borne Viruses: Transmission and Surveillance
A plethora of pathogenic viruses are transmitted by ticks (tick-borne viruses, TBVs) and cause infections ranging from asymptomatic to severe cases with high fatality rates, posing a significant threat to public and animal health [...]
Journal Article
Computer-aided diagnosis using deep learning in the evaluation of early oesophageal adenocarcinoma
In more detail The incidence of BE and EAC in the West is rising significantly, and because of its close association with the metabolic syndrome this trend is expected to continue.1–3 Reports of CAD in BE analysis have used mainly handcrafted features based on texture and colour.4–7 In our study, two databases (Augsburg data and the ‘Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted-Intervention’ [MICCAI] data) were used to train and test a CAD system on the basis of a deep convolutional neural net (CNN) with a residual net (ResNet) architecture.8 Images included 148 high-definition (1350×1080 pixels) WL and NBI of 33 early EAC and 41 areas of non-neoplastic Barrett’s mucosa in the Augsburg data set, while the MICCAI data set contained 100 high-definition (1600×1200 pixels) WL images—17 early EAC and 22 areas of non-neoplastic Barrett’s mucosa. For this reason, future work should focus on further development of the CAD system to assist endoscopists immediately onsite and on real-life endoscopic video sequences while including low-grade/high-grade dysplasia. [...]the reference standard used for the segmentation task was based on the macroscopic delineations provided by experts and not on the histological margins. [...]we have shown that CAD-DL on the basis of a deep neural network can be trained to classify lesions in BE with a high level of accuracy.
Journal Article
Building for a sustainable future in our schools : brick by brick
This book explores how educators can transform improvements from the dynamic process of teaching into far-reaching, sustainable reforms that can secure a more prosperous future for students and the world they inhabit. It establishes the role of leadership in educational sustainability and highlights methods of creating sustainable educational reforms. The authors emphasize the importance of implementing ethical and moral values in teaching sustainable practices, and discuss the critical relationship between the classroom and the local community and policies protecting planet earth. Furthermore, through the inclusion of research and case studies drawn from countries across the world, this valuable resource demonstrates how transformational leadership practices can contribute to a culture of sustainability in all classrooms, pre-K through university.
Book
The ERK and JNK pathways in the regulation of metabolic reprogramming
Most tumor cells reprogram their glucose metabolism as a result of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressors, leading to the constitutive activation of signaling pathways involved in cell growth. This metabolic reprogramming, known as aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect, allows tumor cells to sustain their fast proliferation and evade apoptosis. Interfering with oncogenic signaling pathways that regulate the Warburg effect in cancer cells has therefore become an attractive anticancer strategy. However, evidence for the occurrence of the Warburg effect in physiological processes has also been documented. As such, close consideration of which signaling pathways are beneficial targets and the effect of their inhibition on physiological processes are essential. The MAPK/ERK and MAPK/JNK pathways, crucial for normal cellular responses to extracellular stimuli, have recently emerged as key regulators of the Warburg effect during tumorigenesis and normal cellular functions. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the roles of the ERK and JNK pathways in controlling the Warburg effect in cancer and discuss their implication in controlling this metabolic reprogramming in physiological processes and opportunities for targeting their downstream effectors for therapeutic purposes.
Journal Article
Risk, shocks, and human development : on the brink
\"Sudden negative events are part of life, but some are more disastrous than others. This book analyzes the consequences of sudden negative shocks in the short and long term well being of people and how the policies implemented before, during and in the immediate aftermath of the event could help prevent these long lasting effects\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
High-energy resummation in Λc baryon production
We present a study on inclusive emissions of a double Λc or of a Λc plus a light-flavored jet system as probe channels in the semi-hard regime of QCD. Our formalism relies on the so-called hybrid high-energy/collinear factorization, where the standard collinear description is supplemented by the t-channel resummation à la BFKL of energy logarithms up to the next-to-leading accuracy. We make use of the JETHAD modular interface, suited to the analysis of different semi-hard reactions, employing the novel KKSS19 parameterization for the description of parton fragmentation into Λc baryons. We provide predictions for rapidity distributions and azimuthal correlations, that can be studied at current and forthcoming LHC configurations, hunting for possible stabilizing effects of the high-energy series.
Journal Article