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Impact of phenolic-rich olive leaf extract on blood pressure, plasma lipids and inflammatory markers: a randomised controlled trial
Purpose
Dietary polyphenols have been demonstrated to favourably modify a number of cardiovascular risk markers such as blood pressure (BP), endothelial function and plasma lipids. We conducted a randomised, double-blind, controlled, crossover trial to investigate the effects of a phenolic-rich olive leaf extract (OLE) on BP and a number of associated vascular and metabolic measures.
Methods
A total of 60 pre-hypertensive [systolic blood pressure (SBP): 121–140 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure (DBP): 81–90 mmHg] males [mean age 45 (±SD 12.7 years, BMI 26.7 (±3.21) kg/m
2
] consumed either OLE (136 mg oleuropein; 6 mg hydroxytyrosol) or a polyphenol-free control daily for 6 weeks before switching to the alternate arm after a 4-week washout.
Results
Daytime [−3.95 (±SD 11.48) mmHg,
p
= 0.027] and 24-h SBP [−3.33 (±SD 10.81) mmHg,
p
= 0.045] and daytime and 24-h DBP [−3.00 (±SD 8.54) mmHg,
p
= 0.025; −2.42 (±SD 7.61) mmHg,
p
= 0.039] were all significantly lower following OLE intake, relative to the control. Reductions in plasma total cholesterol [−0.32 (±SD 0.70) mmol/L,
p
= 0.002], LDL cholesterol [−0.19 (±SD 0.56) mmol/L,
p
= 0.017] and triglycerides [−0.18 (±SD 0.48),
p
= 0.008] were also induced by OLE compared to control, whilst a reduction in interleukin-8 [−0.63 (±SD 1.13) pg/ml;
p
= 0.026] was also detected. Other markers of inflammation, vascular function and glucose metabolism were not affected.
Conclusion
Our data support previous research, suggesting that OLE intake engenders hypotensive and lipid-lowering effects in vivo.
Journal Article
Historical occurrence of Antarctic icebergs within mercantile shipping routes and the exceptional events of the 1890s
A major consideration for maritime activity in the Southern Hemisphere is the northern limit of icebergs, or the Southern Ocean Limit Of Known Ice (SOLOKI). This analysis of historical reports of icebergs during Southern Hemisphere voyages from 1687 to 1933 provides a basis for examination of their geographical and chronological occurrence during ~250 years. The analyses use tabulated data from 742 voyages and other reports from many sources, some including first-person descriptions. While these data are dependent on icebergs being reported by mariners, as well as the variable frequency of voyages, they demonstrate distinct periods of exceptional frequency of icebergs occurring in certain localities, particularly the far South Atlantic. Based upon historical records the evidence suggests unprecedented numbers of icebergs were present in southern shipping channels in the 1890s. When these historical observations are combined with modern iceberg drift trajectories, their possible origin can be elucidated. Owing to the numbers of icebergs seen and their geographical spread, our results suggest that this was possibly the largest near-synchronous calvings in the last 300 years, and the northernmost extent of the SOLOKI.
Journal Article
The drawing room : English country house decoration
A highly detailed look at the most accomplished English country house interiors, exemplifying English decorating at its best. The English drawing room, a formal place within a house of status where family and honored guests could retire from the more public arena, is one of the most important rooms in an English country house, and thus great attention has been paid to preserving the decoration of this most elegant of spaces: the center of life in the English countryside and the epitome of English country house decoration. This book offers privileged access to fifty of the finest drawing rooms of country houses and historic townhouses--many still in private hands--including Althorp, Attingham, and Knepp Castle. Through these sumptuous rooms, readers experience a history of English decorating from the sixteenth century to the present day, including the work of design legends such as David Hicks, Nancy Lancaster, John Fowler, and David Mlinaric. Specially commissioned photographs capture the entirety of each room, as well as details of furniture, architectural elements, artwork, collections, and textiles, creating a visually seductive book that will inspire interior designers and homeowners interested in the widely popular classic English look.
Book
Multi-decadal evolution of Crary Ice Rise region, West Antarctica, amid modern ice-stream deceleration
The ongoing deceleration of Whillans Ice Stream, West Antarctica, provides an opportunity to investigate the co-evolution of ice-shelf pinning points and ice-stream flux variability. Here, we construct and analyze a 20-year multi-mission satellite altimetry record of dynamic ice surface-elevation change (dh/dt) in the grounded region encompassing lower Whillans Ice Stream and Crary Ice Rise, a major pinning point of Ross Ice Shelf. We developed a new method for generating multi-mission time series that reduces spatial bias and implemented this method with altimetry data from the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat; 2003–09), CryoSat-2 (2010–present), and ICESat-2 (2018–present) altimetry missions. We then used the dh/dt time series to identify persistent patterns of surface-elevation change and evaluate regional mass balance. Our results suggest a persistent anomalous reduction in ice thickness and effective backstress in the peninsula connecting Whillans Ice Plain to Crary Ice Rise. The multi-decadal observational record of pinning-point mass redistribution and grounding zone retreat presented in this study highlights the on-going reorganization of the southern Ross Ice Shelf embayment buttressing regime in response to ice-stream deceleration.
Journal Article
Smells like Teen Titans spirit
\"First, Beast Boy is ready to save the world using his new super-power--the power to smell the future! Then, is Robin really the fulfillment of an ancient prophecy? Can the team answer the Justice League's call and take on the not-so-awesome responsibility of babysitting an infant Superman...Superbaby? And when a punk rock supervillain sentences Jump City to death by rock and roll, only the musical stylings of the Teen Titans can stop him!\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Performance Enhancement of a Multiresonant Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Low Frequency Vibrations
Harvesting electricity from low frequency vibration sources such as human motions using piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) is attracting the attention of many researchers in recent years. The energy harvested can potentially power portable electronic devices as well as some medical devices without the need of an external power source. For this purpose, the piezoelectric patch is often mechanically attached to a cantilever beam, such that the resonance frequency is predominantly governed by the cantilever beam. To increase the power generated from vibration sources with varying frequency, a multiresonant PEH (MRPEH) is often used. In this study, an attempt is made to enhance the performance of MRPEH with the use of a cantilever beam of optimised shape, i.e., a cantilever beam with two triangular branches. The performance is further enhanced through optimising the design of the proposed MRPEH to suit the frequency range of the targeted vibration source. A series of parametric studies were first carried out using finite-element analysis to provide in-depth understanding of the effect of each design parameters on the power output at a low frequency vibration. Selected outcomes were then experimentally verified. An optimised design was finally proposed. The results demonstrate that, with the use of a properly designed MRPEH, broadband energy harvesting is achievable and the efficiency of the PEH system can be significantly increased.
Journal Article
China tripping : encountering the everyday in the People's Republic
\"Influential China experts reflect on their cultural/social encounters while traveling and living in China, covering a half century of American experiences\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Difficulties in Establishing the Adverse Effects of β-Casomorphin-7 Released from β-Casein Variants—A Review
β-Casomorphin-7 (BCM-7) is a peptide released through the proteolysis of β-casein (β-CN), which is considered a bioactive peptide displaying evidence of promoting the binding and activation of the μ-opioid receptor located in various body parts, such as the gastrointestinal tract, the immune system and potentially the central nervous system. The possible effects of BCM-7 on health are a theme rising in popularity due to evidence found in several studies on the modulation of gastrointestinal proinflammatory responses that can trigger digestive symptoms, such as abdominal discomfort. With the advancement of studies, the hypothesis that there is a correlation of the possible effects of BCM-7 with the microbiota–gut–brain axis has been established. However, some studies have suggested the possibility that these adverse effects are restricted to a portion of the population, and the topic is controversial due to the small number of in vivo studies, which makes it difficult to obtain more conclusive results. In addition, a threshold of exposure to BCM-7 has not yet been established to clarify the potential of this peptide to trigger physiological responses at gastrointestinal and systemic levels. The proportion of the population that can be considered more susceptible to the effects of BCM-7 are evidenced in the literature review. The challenges of establishing the adverse effects of BCM-7 are discussed, including the importance of quantifying the BCM-7 release in the different β-CN genotypes. In summary, the reviewed literature provides plausible indications of the hypothesis of a relationship between β-CN A1/BCM-7 and adverse health effects; however, there is need for further, especially in vivo studies, to better understand and confirm the physiological effects of this peptide.
Journal Article