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"Peng, Hao"
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Removal of chromium from wastewater by membrane filtration, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, adsorption electrocoagulation, electrochemical reduction, electrodialysis, electrodeionization, photocatalysis and nanotechnology: a review
Chromium is a potentially toxic and carcinogenic metal originating from natural processes and anthropogenic activities such as the iron steel, electroplating and leather industries. Therefore, chromium should be removed from wastewater to avoid environmental pollution and to recycle chromium in the context of the future circular economy. Here we briefly review aqueous Cr species, their toxicity and methods to remove Cr such as membrane filtration, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, adsorption electrocoagulation, electrochemical reduction, electrodialysis, electrodeionization, photocatalysis and nanotechnology.
Journal Article
N7-methylguanosine tRNA modification promotes tumorigenesis and chemoresistance through WNT/β-catenin pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Treatment selections are very limited for patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) experiencing disease progression. Uncovering mechanisms underlying NPC progression is crucial for the development of novel treatments. Here we show that N
7
-methylguanosine (m
7
G) tRNA modification enzyme METTL1 and its partner WDR4 are significantly elevated in NPC and are associated with poor prognosis. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays demonstrated that METTL1/WDR4 promotes NPC growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, ARNT was identified as an upstream transcription factor regulating METTL1 expression in NPC. METTL1 depletion resulted in decreased m
7
G tRNA modification and expression, which led to impaired codon recognition during mRNA translation, therefore reducing the translation efficiencies of mRNAs with higher m
7
G codons. METTL1 upregulated the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway and promoted NPC cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and chemoresistance to cisplatin and docetaxel in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of WNT3A bypassed the requirement of METTL1 for EMT and chemoresistance. This work uncovers novel insights into tRNA modification-mediated mRNA translation regulation and highlights the critical function of tRNA modification in cancer progression.
Journal Article
Enhanced single-loop method for efficient reliability-based design optimization with complex constraints
Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) has been widely implemented for engineering design optimization when considering the uncertainty. The single loop approaches (SLA) are highly efficient but is prone to converge with inappropriate results for highly nonlinear probabilistic constraints. In this paper, a novel RBDO algorithm is proposed based on single loop approach and the enhanced chaos control method, named as enhanced single-loop method (ESM). The performance of SLA is enhanced using an adaptive inverse reliability method with limited number of iterations. The adaptive step size is computed based on a merit function which is computed using the results of the new and previous iterations. The iterations of the probabilistic constraints of RBDO models are manually controlled in the range from 1 to 10 in ESM. The efficiency and accuracy of the ESM are compared through four nonlinear RBDO problems with complex constraints, including a nonlinear mathematical problem, two engineering problems and a practical complex stiffened panel example with complex buckling constraint for aircraft design. Results illustrate that the proposed ESM is more efficient and robust than the performance measure approach and reliability index approach for RBDO problems.
Journal Article
Recent development of improved clinching process
Clinching technology has been widely applied in automobile assembly industries to join sheet materials of different thicknesses and properties. It does not require any auxiliary parts and only depends on the plastic deformation of materials themselves to form a joint. Furthermore, clinching tools that include the punch and the die are simpler than other thermal joining methods. However, the usability of the clinched joint is restricted by a low joining strength. In order to expand the application range of clinching technologies, researchers have conducted extensive researches on how to improve clinching technologies. In this article, the latest advances of clinching technologies are reviewed on the development of clinching tools and processes. The improved clinching processes including flat clinching, hole clinching, reshaping the clinched joint without a rivet, reshaped joint with a rivet, rivet clinching, rectangular clinching, dieless clinching, roller clinching, laser shock clinching, hydro-clinching, injection clinching, adhesive clinching, resistance spot clinching, friction-assisted clinching, and laser-assisted clinching are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of different clinching technologies are proposed. In addition, some suggestions for the future development of clinching technology are given in this paper. The clinching technology is developing towards a hybrid joining technology with high strength, high stability, and high efficiency.
Journal Article
On Galilean conformal bootstrap
A
bstract
In this work, we develop conformal bootstrap for Galilean conformal field theory (GCFT). In a GCFT, the Hilbert space could be decomposed into quasiprimary states and its global descendants. Different from the usual conformal field theory, the quasiprimary states in a GCFT constitute multiplets, which are block-diagonized under the Galilean boost operator. More importantly the multiplets include the states of negative norms, indicating the theory is not unitary. We compute global blocks of the multiplets, and discuss the expansion of four-point functions in terms of the global blocks of the multiplets. Furthermore we do the harmonic analysis for the Galilean conformal symmetry and obtain an inversion formula. As the first step to apply the Galilean conformal bootstrap, we construct generalized Galilean free theory (GGFT) explicitly. We read the data of GGFT by using Taylor series expansion of four-point function and the inversion formula independently, and find exact agreement. We discuss some novel features in the Galilean conformal bootstrap, due to the non-semisimpleness of the Galilean conformal algebra and the non-unitarity of the GCFTs.
Journal Article
Metabolic Reprogramming and Reactive Oxygen Species in T Cell Immunity
T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming and multiple biological processes to satisfy their energetic and biosynthetic demands throughout their lifespan. Several of these metabolic pathways result in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The imbalance between ROS generation and scavenging could result in severe damage to the cells and potential cell death, ultimately leading to T cell-related diseases. Interestingly, ROS play an essential role in T cell immunity. Here, we introduce the important connectivity between T cell lifespan and the metabolic reprogramming among distinct T cell subsets. We also discuss the generation and sources of ROS production within T cell immunity as well as highlight recent research concerning the effects of ROS on T cell activities.
Journal Article
Rényi mutual information in holographic warped CFTs
A
bstract
The study of Rényi mutual information (RMI) sheds light on the AdS/CFT correspondence beyond classical order. In this article, we study the Rényi mutual in- formation between two intervals at large distance in two-dimensional holographic warped conformal field theory, which is conjectured to be dual to gravity on AdS
3
or warped AdS
3
spacetimes under Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions. By using the operator product expansion of twist operators up to level 3, we read the leading oder and the next-to-leading order RMI in the large central charge and small cross-ratio limits. The leading order result is furthermore confirmed using the conformal block expansion. Finally, we match the next-to-leading order result by a 1-loop calculation in the bulk.
Journal Article
Glue-on AdS holography for TT¯-deformed CFTs
A
bstract
The
T
T
¯
deformation is a solvable irrelevant deformation whose properties depend on the sign of the deformation parameter
μ
. In particular,
T
T
¯
-deformed CFTs with
μ <
0 have been proposed to be holographically dual to Einstein gravity where the metric satisfies Dirichlet boundary conditions at a finite cutoff surface. In this paper, we put forward a holographic proposal for
T
T
¯
-deformed CFTs with
μ >
0, in which case the bulk geometry is constructed by gluing a patch of AdS
3
to the original spacetime. As evidence, we show that the
T
T
¯
trace flow equation, the spectrum on the cylinder, and the partition function on the torus and the sphere, among other results, can all be reproduced from bulk calculations in glue-on AdS
3
.
Journal Article
Tanshinone IIA suppresses the proliferation and fibrosis of mesangial cell in diabetic nephropathy though WTAP-mediated m6A methylation
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is often accompanied by mesangial cell proliferation and fibrosis. Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA) is the main fat-soluble component of
Salvia miltiorrhiza
. N6-Methyladenosine (m
6
A) modification is a widely studied epigenetic mechanism. This study aimed to investigate the role of Tan-IIA in DN and the underlying mechanism. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed via cell counting kit-8 and ethynyldeoxyuridine assays. Protein levels of fibrosis-related indicators were detected by Western blot. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the levels of m
6
A-related enzymes. The interaction betweenWT1 associated protein (WTAP) and prolactin receptor (PRLR) was examined through RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays. The animal DN models was established. Biochemical measurements of rat serum were performed using commercial kits. Hematoxylin&eosin and Masson trichrome staining were used for histopathological analysis. Results showed that Tan IIA treatment inhibited the cell proliferation and fibrosis of human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs). Besides, Tan IIA treatment regulated WTAP-mediated m
6
A modification. Overexpression of WTAP upregulated the cell proliferation and fibrosis of HRMCs. Mechanically, WTAP enhanced the stability of PRLR mRNA via m
6
A methylation. Subsequent rescue investigations revealed that overexpression of PRLR increased the cell proliferation and fibrosis of HRMCs. In the in vivo study, Tan IIA treatment reversed the renal injury in rats and decreased the protein levels of WTAP, PLRP, and fibrosis-related indicators in kidney tissues. Tan IIA suppressed the proliferation and fibrosis of HRMCs in DN though WTAP-mediated m
6
A methylation of PRLR.
Journal Article