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"Peng, Yi"
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Structural health monitoring of large civil engineering structures
A critical review of key developments and latest advances in Structural Health Monitoring technologies applied to civil engineering structures, covering all aspects required for practical application Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) provides the facilities for in-service monitoring of structural performance and damage assessment, and is a key element of condition based maintenance and damage prognosis. This comprehensive book brings readers up to date on the most important changes and advancements in the structural health monitoring technologies applied to civil engineering structures.
Book
Seasonal Cycle Delay of the Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Genesis Frequency in CMIP6 Simulations
Obvious biases in simulating tropical cyclone (TC) genesis of the current climate models hamper our understanding of TC changes. In this study, we found a delay of the seasonal cycle of TC genesis frequency over the western North Pacific (WNP) in most Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 models. During the active TC season, the simulated south‐warming and north‐cooling surface temperature bias amplifies the meridional gradient and excites thermal winds. This weakens the western North Pacific Subtropical High and easterly monsoon trough, which further reduces TC genesis frequency over the western WNP in summer. But in autumn, positive TC genesis biases were only observed in coupled models over the eastern WNP. Both seasons contribute to the delayed seasonal cycle of TC frequency in models. Our findings highlight the importance of accurate simulation of surface temperature by climate models to TC simulations and aid in future model improvements. Plain Language Summary Tropical cyclone (TC) is a devastating weather system generated over the tropical ocean, and the climate model serves as an important tool to study the long‐term variability of TC activity. Hence, it is imperative to explore the biases of climate models in simulating TC genesis. In this investigation, we find a substantial influence of surface temperature bias in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) climate models on the simulation of the seasonal cycle of TC genesis frequency over the western North Pacific (WNP). The delay in the seasonal cycle of TC genesis frequency is widespread among most CMIP6 models. During boreal summer and autumn, the simulated bias of south‐warming and north‐cooling surface temperature increases its meridional gradient and triggers thermal winds. In summer, the weak western North Pacific Subtropical High and easterly monsoon trough, two crucial large‐scale circulation systems, cause a large negative TC genesis bias in models over the western WNP, substantially contributing to the delay of the seasonal cycle. Meanwhile, the relatively small positive bias of coupled models over the eastern WNP in autumn makes a secondary contribution. The combined contributions of these biases cause delays in seasonal simulation of TC genesis frequency. Key Points Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 models produce delayed seasonal cycles of tropical cyclone genesis frequency over the western North Pacific Biases in East Asia summer monsoon and western North Pacific subtropical high lead to underestimation of tropical cyclone genesis during summer The biased large‐scale circulation systems are further related to a warm southern and cold northern surface temperature bias
Journal Article
Optimization of rural green building design in Northwestern Hunan based on LCA and AHP
Rural buildings in northwestern Hunan face multiple challenges in achieving a green and low-carbon transition, including fragile ecological environments, limited access to resources, and strong cultural preservation demands—rendering existing urban-based green building strategies largely inapplicable. To address these issues, this study develops an integrated evaluation framework combining Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), aiming to facilitate the green transformation of rural architecture in the region. Based on field surveys and simulation modeling of 24 sample buildings, findings indicate that carbon emissions across the building lifecycle are predominantly concentrated in the material production and operational phases, jointly accounting for over 85% of total emissions. Among the three building types, traditional timber dwellings exhibit the lowest total carbon footprint (34,875.5–47,184.0 kg CO₂-eq), followed by modern energy-efficient houses (91,284.0–117,908.5 kg CO₂-eq), while brick–timber hybrid structures show the highest emissions (99,300.0–139,020.0 kg CO₂-eq). AHP-based weight analysis identifies “Resource Efficiency” and “Environmental Livability” as the two most influential dimensions, with a combined weight of 0.699, underscoring their pivotal role in shaping green performance. Accordingly, the study proposes differentiated low-carbon optimization pathways: traditional buildings should focus on utilizing locally sourced low-carbon materials and passive ventilation strategies; modern structures should prioritize operational energy efficiency; and brick–timber hybrids require targeted energy retrofit interventions. The results validate the scientific robustness of the LCA-AHP hybrid model and enhance its regional applicability through localized parameter adjustments, offering a quantitative foundation and optimized pathway for advancing sustainable rural building design in ecologically sensitive areas.
Journal Article
Higgs as heavy-lifted physics during inflation
A
bstract
Signals of heavy particle production during inflation are encoded as nonanalytic momentum scaling in primordial non-Gaussianity. These non-analytic signatures can be sourced by Standard Model particles with a modified Higgs scale uplifted by the slow-roll dynamics of inflation. We show that such a lifting mechanism becomes more efficient with the presence of a strong Higgs-inflaton mixing, where the Higgs mass scale is further increased by a small speed of sound in the effective theory of inflation. As a primary step towards detecting new particles in the cosmological collider program, non-Gaussianity due to heavy Higgs production in the strong-mixing regime can act as important background signals to be tested by future cosmological surveys.
Journal Article
Constant-rate inflation: primordial black holes from conformal weight transitions
A
bstract
Constant-rate inflation, including ultra-slow-roll inflation as a special case, has been widely applied to the formation of primordial black holes with a significant deviation from the standard slow-roll conditions at both the growing and decaying phases of the power spectrum. We derive analytic solutions for the curvature perturbations with respect to the late-time scaling dimensions (conformal weights) constrained by the dilatation symmetry of the de Sitter background and show that the continuity of conformal weights across different rolling phases is protected by the adiabatic condition of the inflaton perturbation. The temporal excitation of subleading states (with the next-to-lowest conformal weights), recorded as the “steepest growth” of the power spectrum, is triggered by the entropy production in the transition from the slow-roll to the constant-rate phases.
Journal Article