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"Pepper, D. W. (Darrell W.)"
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Modeling indoor air pollution
Emission of pollutants and their accumulation due to poor ventilation and air exchange are serious problems currently under investigation by many researchers. Of particular concern are issues involving air quality within buildings. Toxic fumes and airborne diseases are known to produce undesirable odors, eye and nose irritations, sickness, and occasionally death. Other products such as tobacco smoke and carbon monoxide can also have serious health effects on people exposed to a poorly ventilated environment; studies indicate that indirect or passive smoking can also lead to lung cancer.
eBook
Water and society
This book contains the papers presented at a conference co-organised by the University of Nevada-Las Vegas and the Wessex Institute of Technology to facilitate trans-disciplinary communication on issues related to the nature of water and its use and exploitation by society. With adequate water supply becoming a critical issue in more and more areas, there is a great and urgent need to bridge the gap between the broad spectrum of social sciences and humanistic disciplines and the specialists in physical and natural sciences, biology, environmental sciences, and health. Many issues are also trans-national in nature and relate to rights of states and hence it is essential to discuss these at an international level to arrive at equitable and binding solutions that will ensure the rights of society to quality water supplies. This book discusses: The Nature of Water; Water as a Human Right; Water as the Source of Life; Water in a Changing Climate; Future Water Demands and Adaptation Strategies; Water Resources Contamination; Surface and Sub-Surface Water Resources; Irrigation and Desertification; Water, Sanitation and Health; Transnational Water Rights; Legislation and Controls; Water through the Ages; Lessons to be Learnt; and Water and Disaster Management.
eBook
An H-Adaptive Finite Element Method for Turbulent Heat Transfer
A two-equation turbulence closure model (k-ω) using an h-adaptive grid technique and finite element method (FEM) has been developed to simulate low Mach flow and heat transfer. These flows are applicable to many flows in engineering and environmental sciences. Of particular interest in the engineering modeling areas are: combustion, solidification, and heat exchanger design. Flows for indoor air quality modeling and atmospheric pollution transport are typical types of environmental flows modeled with this method. The numerical method is based on a hybrid finite element model using an equal-order projection process. The model includes thermal and species transport, localized mesh refinement (h-adaptive) and Petrov-Galerkin weighting for stabilizing advection. This work develops the continuum model of a two-equation turbulence closure method. The fractional step solution method is stated along with the h-adaptive grid method (Carrington and Pepper, 2002). Solutions are presented for 2d flow over a backward-facing step.
Journal Article