Explore the vast range of titles available.

Whether you've never held a bass before or you're looking to improve your skills, this resource is a complete guide to playing bass guitar. Pfeiffer provides fresh, updated practice lessons, teaching techniques, and access to online sample tracks to hone your skills.

This study purposed to compare responses of segmented neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and T lymphocyte Clusters of Differentiation 4 and 8 (CD4+ T and CD8+ T) to blood flow restriction training in HIV patients. Two HIV patients participated in the study, one patient had a sedentary lifestyle, and the other was physically active. HIV-infected female patients performed a blood flow restriction training session consisting of two exercises: flat bench press and knee extension. Blood (6 mL) was collected for analysis prior to training, immediately after training, and 30 minutes after. After blood flow restriction training, percentage changes in the number of leukocytes were observed in both patients. Monocytes showed different responses in the two patients: a decrease in monocyte count was seen in the physically active, and an increase was observed in the sedentary lifestyle. Lymphocytes showed a higher increase in the physically active than in the sedentary lifestyle. There was an increase in the CD4+ / CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio in both patients. It was concluded blood flow restriction promoted acute inflammation after training, shown by changes in immune cell counts. These changes did not promote immunosuppression; instead, an increase in CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio was observed; and HIV-infected came similar results. Keywords: muscle strength; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; HIV-1; exercise; Kinanthropometry Este estudo objetivou comparar respostas de neutrófilos segmentados, monócitos, linfócitos e subpopulações de linfócitos Clusters of differentitation 4 e 8 (CD4 + T e CD8 + T) ao treinamento de restrição do fluxo sanguíneo em pacientes com HIV. Participaram do estudo duas pacientes com HIV, uma paciente sedentária e outra paciente ativa fisicamente. As pacientes infetadas pelo HIV realizaram uma sessão de treinamento com restrição de fluxo sanguíneo composta por dois exercícios: supino reto e extensão do joelho. O sangue (6 ml) foi coletado para análise antes do treinamento, imediatamente após o treinamento e 30 minutos após. Ao final do treinamento com restrição de fluxo sanguíneo, foram observadas alterações percentuais no número de leucócitos em ambas as pacientes. Os monócitos mostraram respostas diferentes para as duas pacientes: uma diminuição na contagem de monócitos foi observada na paciente fisicamente ativa e um aumento na com estilo de vida sedentário. Os linfócitos apresentaram um aumento maior na fisicamente ativa do que na sendentária. Houve um aumento na proporção de linfócitos T CD4 +/CD8 + em ambas as pacientes. Concluiu-se que a restrição de fluxo sanguíneo promoveu inflamação aguda após o treinamento, demonstrada por alterações na contagem de células imunes. Essas mudanças não promoveram imunossupressão; em vez disso, foi observado um aumento na proporção de linfócitos T CD4+/CD8 +; e as infetadas pelo HIV obtiveram resultados semelhantes. Palavras-chave: força muscular; síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida; HIV-1; exercício; cineantropometria.

A guide to playing bass guitar that includes exercises to help beginning musicians learn how to master scales, chords, and arpeggios, what the basic finger and hand positions are, and how to refine tempo, time signature, phrasing, and dynamics. Includes a CD with tracks to accompany the exercises.

Introduction: presentation of the topic (maximum two key sentences). Objective: The objective of the present study was to analyze the correlation level between physical, technical and tactical variables of young football players. Methodology: 40 under-20 athletes (18 and 19 years old) who were part of 2 professional clubs in João Pessoa city participated to the study. Data collection was conducted on a football field lasting 5 consecutive days, and the players underwent anthropometric assessments, physical tests (speed, agility, VO2 and jump height), technical tests (shooting, passing and dribbling) and tactical knowledge (TacticUP). A canonical correlation analysis was performed for data analysis using the SPSS v.28 program between the three set pairs of physical, technical and tactical variables (e.g., physical and technical, and so on). The prerequisites of the model (linearity, normality of distributions, and absence of multicollinearity) were initially tested. Results and Conclusions Findings show that there are medium correlations between the technical-tactical and physical-tactical variables, as well as a high correlation between the technical-physical variables.

Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el nivel de correlación entre variables físicas, técnicas y tácticas en jóvenes futbolistas Metodología: Los participantes fueron 40 jugadores sub-20 (18 y 19 años) que formaban parte de 2 clubes profesionales de la ciudad de João Pessoa. La recogida de datos se realizó en un campo de fútbol durante 5 días consecutivos. Los jugadores se sometieron a evaluaciones antropométricas, pruebas físicas (velocidad, agilidad, VO2 y altura de salto), pruebas técnicas (tiro, pase y regate) y conocimientos tácticos (TacticUp). Para analizar los datos, se realizó un análisis de correlación canónica utilizando el programa SPSS v.28 entre los tres pares de variables físicas, técnicas y tácticas. Inicialmente, se comprobaron los prerrequisitos del modelo (linealidad, normalidad de las distribuciones y ausencia de multicolinealidad) Resultados y Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran que existen correlaciones medias entre las variables técnico-tácticas y físico-tácticas, así como una alta correlación entre las variables técnico-físicas.

BackgroundExercise exerts many health benefits by directly inducing molecular alterations in physically utilized skeletal muscle. Molecular adaptations of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) might also contribute to the prevention of metabolic diseases.AimTo characterize the response of human SCAT based on changes in transcripts and mitochondrial respiration to acute and repeated bouts of exercise in comparison to skeletal muscle.MethodsSedentary participants (27 ± 4 yrs) with overweight or obesity underwent 8-week supervised endurance exercise 3×1h/week at 80% VO2peak. Before, 60 min after the first and last exercise bout and 5 days post intervention, biopsies were taken for transcriptomic analyses and high-resolution respirometry (n = 14, 8 female/6 male).ResultsIn SCAT, we found 37 acutely regulated transcripts (FC > 1.2, FDR < 10%) after the first exercise bout compared to 394, respectively, in skeletal muscle. Regulation of only 5 transcripts overlapped between tissues highlighting their differential response. Upstream and enrichment analyses revealed reduced transcripts of lipid uptake, storage and lipogenesis directly after exercise in SCAT and point to β-adrenergic regulation as potential major driver. The data also suggest an exercise-induced modulation of the circadian clock in SCAT. Neither term was associated with transcriptomic changes in skeletal muscle. No evidence for beigeing/browning was found in SCAT along with unchanged respiration.ConclusionsAdipose tissue responds completely distinct from adaptations of skeletal muscle to exercise. The acute and repeated reduction in transcripts of lipid storage and lipogenesis, interconnected with a modulated circadian rhythm, can counteract metabolic syndrome progression toward diabetes.New & noteworthyTranscriptional alterations demonstrate that adipose tissue responded to exercise completely distinct from skeletal muscle in the same human subjects. Adipose tissue showed acute and repeated reduction in transcripts of lipid uptake, synthesis and storage. The data also suggest the restoration of a healthier circadian rhythm in adipose tissue of subjects with obesity after regularly performed exercise. The interconnection of circadian rhythm with lipid metabolism possibly contributes to improved metabolic health and prevention of diabetes.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) is characterized by a strong male predominance. Sex steroid hormones have been hypothesized to underlie this sex disparity, but no population-based study to date has examined this potential association. Using mass spectrometry and ELISA, we quantitated sex steroid hormones and sex hormone binding globulin, respectively, in plasma from males- 172 EA cases and 185 controls-within the Factors Influencing the Barrett/Adenocarcinoma Relationship (FINBAR) Study, a case-control investigation conducted in Northern Ireland and Ireland. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between circulating hormones and EA. Higher androgen:estrogen ratio metrics were associated with increased odds of EA (e.g., testosterone:estradiol ratio ORQ4 v. Q1 = 2.58, 95%CI = 1.23-5.43; Ptrend = 0.009). All estrogens and androgens were associated with significant decreased odds of EA. When restricted to individuals with minimal to no decrease in body mass index, the size of association for the androgen:estrogen ratio was not greatly altered. This first study of sex steroid hormones and EA provides tentative evidence that androgen:estrogen balance may be a factor related to EA. Replication of these findings in prospective studies is needed to enhance confidence in the causality of this effect.

Abstract Background The human amylase gene (AMY1) has a broad copy number (CN) variation that may associate with body mass index. Methods Deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted from urine (n = 74) and serum (n = 6) samples (Protein, Fiber and Metabolic Syndrome [ProFiMet] cohort), and buccal (n = 17) samples (Oral Starch Challenge [OSC] cohort), and assessed for AMY1 CN by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. The association of AMY1 CN with comprehensive markers of metabolic status (ProFiMet cohort) were analyzed with Pearson’s correlation coefficient (CC). For the healthy, euglycemic OSC cohort, glycemic response to OSC was analyzed with independent sample t-tests (subgroups: high AMY1 CN 9–12, n = 10; low AMY1 CN 4–6, n = 7). Results There were significant inverse correlations of AMY1 CN with total visceral fat volume (CC -0.33; P = 0.004) and positive correlations of AMY1 CN with oral glucose insulin sensitivity score (derived from an oral glucose tolerance test, CC 0.26; P = 0.02), serum HDL-cholesterol (CC 0.325; P = 0.003), and serum adiponectin (CC 0.249; P = 0.026). Linear regression multivariate analysis (adiponectin as dependent variable), showed independent association of adiponectin with AMY1 CN (Beta = 0.29; P = 0.03). There were no significant associations between AMY1 CN and clamp-derived M-value, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (IR), hepatic endogenous glucose production, fecal floral signature, or macronutrient dietary preference. Delta (mean) change in blood glucose concentration (fasting to 30-minutes post-OSC) was significantly greater in the high versus low AMY1 CN subgroups (mean 1.7 mmol/l [SEM 0.6] vs 0.9 mmol/l [SEM 0.9], respectively; P = 0.016). Conclusions High AMY1 CN associates with a favorable metabolic profile (lower visceral fat volume, higher serum adiponectin, enhanced glucose absorption following oral glucose, and OSC), but not with whole-body or hepatic IR.

Avian influenza A viruses (AIVs) are endemic among poultry in Bangladesh sold at live bird markets (LBMs). We assessed virologic and serologic evidence of exposure to AIVs among LBM workers. A cross-sectional study recruited 702 randomly sampled workers from 42 LBMs in Dhaka, Bangladesh, during 2017. Nasal and throat swabs collected from workers and air samples from LBMs were tested for influenza A virus by RT-PCR with positives subtyped for A(H5), A(H7), and A(H9). Baseline sera from 695 workers and follow-up sera from 89 workers with influenza A positive respiratory specimens were tested by microneutralization assay for antibodies to A(H5N1) clade 2.3.2.1a and A(H9N2) G1 lineage viruses circulating in poultry. A seropositive result was defined as a neutralizing antibody titer ≥ 1:40. Most LBM workers reported slaughtering (93.3%) and defeathering (84.5%) poultry. Ninety-nine (14.1%) had ≥ 1 respiratory specimen that tested influenza A positive but negative for A(H1) and A(H3). Of these 99, subtyping identified 28 (28.3%) A(H9), 2 (2%) A(H5), 3 (3%) both A(H5) and A(H9), and 66 (66.7%) A (nonsubtypeable). Influenza A viruses were detected in air samples at 25 LBMs (59.5%), including A(H9) only in 10 LBMs (40%), A(H5) only in one (4%), both A(H5) and A(H9) in 13 (52%), and one A (nonsubtypeable) (4%). None of the participants were seropositive for AIVs. LBM workers had extensive exposure to AIVs, but none had serologic evidence of infection with A(H5N1) or A(H9N2) viruses circulating among poultry in Bangladesh. Ongoing surveillance of AIVs in LBMs and poultry workers is needed.