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Mass graves are usually key historical markers with strong incentive for archeological investigations. The identification of individuals buried in mass graves has long benefitted from traditional historical, archaeological, anthropological and paleopathological techniques. The addition of novel methods including genetic, genomic and isotopic geochemistry have renewed interest in solving unidentified mass graves. In this study, we demonstrate that the combined use of these techniques allows the identification of the individuals found in two Breton historical mass graves, where one method alone would not have revealed the importance of this discovery. The skeletons likely belong to soldiers from the two enemy armies who fought during a major event of Breton history: the siege of Rennes in 1491, which ended by the wedding of the Duchess of Brittany with the King of France and signaled the end of the independence of the region. Our study highlights the value of interdisciplinary approaches with a particular emphasis on increasingly accurate isotopic markers. The development of the sulfur isoscape and testing of the triple isotope geographic assignment are detailed in a companion paper [13].

Abstract Mass graves are usually key historical markers with strong incentive for archeological investigations. The identification of individuals buried in mass graves has long benefitted from traditional historical, archaeological, anthropological and paleopathological techniques. The addition of novel methods including genetic, genomic and isotopic geochemistry have renewed interest in solving unidentified mass graves. In this study, we demonstrate that the combined use of these techniques allows the identification of the individuals found in two Breton historical mass graves, where one method alone would not have revealed the importance of this discovery. The skeletons likely belong to soldiers from the two enemy armies who fought during a major event of Breton history: the siege of Rennes in 1491, which ended by the wedding of the Duchess of Brittany with the King of France and signaled the end of the independence of the region. Our study highlights the value of interdisciplinary approaches with a particular emphasis on increasingly accurate isotopic markers. The development of the sulfur isoscape and testing of the triple isotope geographic assignment are detailed in a companion paper [1].

Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) remains lethal due to limited effective therapies. PTEN and TP53 are commonly mutated tumor suppressors in metastatic PCa, yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving aggressiveness and treatment resistance are not fully understood. We have previously shown that mice with both Pten and Trp53 inactivation in prostate luminal cells at adulthood develop aggressive intraductal prostate carcinoma (IDC) and liver metastases. By combining single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, along with flow cytometry and immunohistochemical analyses, we now reveal that prostatic tumors of such mice are hypoxic and progress within a complex immune microenvironment, including neutrophils, TREM2⁺ macrophages, and CCR2⁺ myeloid cells. Moreover, we uncovered that genetic Hif1a inactivation in prostate luminal cells or pharmacological inhibition of HIF1 signaling in Pten/Trp53 (i)pe−/− mice does not prevent IDC formation or epithelial plasticity driven by Trp53 loss, but impairs neutrophil recruitment. In addition, HIF1 inhibition reduces CCR2⁺ myeloid cell infiltration. Importantly, targeting these immune cells sensitizes tumors to androgen deprivation and reduces the size of liver metastatic niches. Moreover, pharmacological HIF1 inhibition not only overcomes castration resistance, but also eliminates metastatic niches, offering a more effective approach than direct myeloid cell blockade. Thus, HIF1 targeting emerges as a promising therapy for metastatic castration-resistant PCa.

This report aims to provide gravitational waves data analysts with an introduction to the ideas and practice of the Padé Filtering method for disentangling a signal from the noise. Technically it comes to the tracking of the zeros and singularities of random z-Transforms by noisy Padé Approximants.

Age-related neural dedifferentiation - reductions in the selectivity and precision of neural representations - contributes to cognitive aging and is thought to result from age increases in neural noise. This research has primarily used fMRI to examine age-related reductions in neural selectivity for different categories of visual stimuli. The present experiment used EEG to examine the link between neural noise and age-related neural dedifferentiation indexed by the scene-selective (P200) and face-selective (N170) ERP components. Young and older adults viewed images of scenes, objects, and faces during a 1-back task. Whereas both the P200 and N170 showed age-related slowing of peak latency, only the P200 showed age-related reductions in amplitude that were independent of visual and contrast acuity. We also examined the relationship between the ERP peak measures and an index of neural noise, namely the 1/f exponent of the frequency power spectrum. For the P200 amplitude, higher levels of neural noise were associated with smaller P200 amplitudes in young, but not older adults. In contrast, there was an age-invariant relationship between neural noise and N170 amplitude in the left hemisphere with higher levels of neural noise being associated reduced N170 amplitudes. While the present findings provide novel empirical evidence broadly consistent with predictions from computational models of neural dedifferentiation, the results also highlight potential limitations of the computational model that necessitate revision. The results also suggest that, at least for the P200, maintaining levels of neural noise similar to young adults might preserve levels of neural selectivity.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.

Du génie civil au biomédical, voici un traité qui reflète l'omniprésence des latex synthétiques, non seulement dans les textiles et les polymères, mais également dans les peintures, les adhésifs, le papier, les cosmétiques et ailleurs. * les mécanismes fondamentaux impliqués dans l'élaboration des dispersions polymères sont exposés, ainsi que les problèmes que soulèvent leurs mises en oevre dans de nombreuses applications; Pour intégrer toutes les facettes de ce domaine en plein essor, [Jean-Claude Daniel] et Christian Pichot ont cordonné les travaux de 57 des meilleurs experts du monde universitaire et de l'industrie. Résultat: une expertise essentielle pour la R et D et la production en 44 chapitres; le panorama complet d'un vaste domaine d'investigations et d'applications.