Explore the vast range of titles available.

The studies were conducted to comparatively evaluate the GK-494/15vv winter rye population selected for high viscosity of the water extract (VWE) of grain meal (9.7 cP) to improve the technological and baking qualities of grain. Comparative tests were carried out in 2017–2023 on 12 m 2 plots in threefold replication. The cultivated winter rye varieties Tatyana, Moskovskaya 12, Moskovskaya 15, and Moskovskaya 18, which have an average VWE = 4.4–4.9 cP, were used as standards. The high-viscosity population GK-494/15vv was significantly better than the standards in amylogram height (407 units vs. 243–299 units), shape stability of hearth bread (0.29 vs. 0.21–0.24), and crumb quality of pan bread (4.5 points vs. 3.6–3.8 points). The differences in yield and other traits were insignificant. A stable positive trend was observed in the falling number and starch gelatinization temperature, while a negative trend was observed in the output volume of pan bread. No correlative relationship with the WVE was found for winter hardiness, protein, and starch content in grain. A similar response of such traits as amylogram height, falling number, and starch gelatinization temperature to changing weather conditions of the year was shown, which is confirmed by a reliably high correlation between them ( r = 0.77–0.87). For the WVE, such a correlation took place only for the starch gelatinization temperature ( r = 0.71). The high WVE potential reduced the output volume of pan bread, due to which it had better structural and mechanical properties of the crumb. WVE is an important trait for the breeding of winter rye for high baking qualities of grain, and the studied population GK-494/15vv requires breeding improvement in terms of short stemness, lodging resistance, 1000-grain weight, and grain nature.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the general and specific combinational ability of inbred winter rye lines in plant height and to identify relatively short-stemmed combinations. The starting material for the crossing was 22 homozygous rye lines carrying sterile cytoplasm of the Pampa type. The male fertile homozygous lines mf H‑1423, mf H‑1247, mf H‑732, and mf H‑842 were used as testers, in which the plant height was 122, 120, 102, and 100 cm, respectively. Test crosses were carried out in isolated plots according to the topcross scheme. A total of 88 simple F1 hybrids were produced. These were tested on plots of 8.0 m 2 in three repetitions. The average height of plants in F1 hybrids was 129 cm and ranged from 114 to 145 cm. The hybrids with the mf H‑732 and mf H‑842 testers turned out to be the shortest-stemmed, and the tallest ones were those with the mf H‑1423 tester. Both general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combinational abilities made a significant contribution to the variance of the plant height trait. The genotypes ms H‑422 and ms H‑1179 had a significantly higher GCA compared to other lines, while ms H‑700 and ms H‑1058 had a lower GCA. Among the testers, the high-stemmed mf H‑1423 and mf H‑1247 lines had a significantly high GCA, and the short-stemmed mf H‑732 and mf H‑842 testers had a significantly low GCA. Combinations involving short-stemmed testers made up a group of the shortest-stemmed hybrids, in which plant height varied from 114 to 120 cm. It has been shown that lines with low effects are of great value for practical breeding not only for GCA, but also for SCA. The ms H‑700 line is of interest, which simultaneously combines low GCA and SCA.

The aim of the study is to quantify the contribution of additive, dominant, and epistatic dispersions to the overall genetic variation of the 1000-grain weight trait to increase the efficiency of breeding heterotic hybrids of winter rye. The experiments were carried out at the experimental base of the Federal Research Center Nemchinovka (Moscow oblast). The starting material was ten male sterile homozygous inbred lines carrying the Pump-type cytoplasm. These lines were crossed with two male fertile test lines: mf H-842 and mf H-1247. Test crosses were carried out in 2019 on two isolated plots according to the topcross scheme. The resulting hybrids and their parent forms were tested in 2020 and 2021 on plots of 8 m 2 in twofold repetition. The test for epistasis and decomposition of the genetic varianсе into additive and dominant components was carried out by the method of Jinks, Perkins, and Brees (1969). The data show that the additive interaction of genes, as well as incomplete dominance, plays the main role in determining the trait of granularity. A stable ratio of these interactions was established over the years: the proportion of additive effects varied at the level of 83.9–84.7%, and the proportion of dominant effects at the level of 15.3–16.1%. The indicator of the degree of dominance   was less than one and varied slightly over the years. It follows from this that dominant alleles affecting gross grain do not completely suppress the effect of their recessive alleles. For this reason, simple interlinear hybrids inherit an intermediate phenotype compared to the parent forms. The most coarse-grained hybrids were obtained by crossing lines ms H-1054, ms H-649, and ms H-1090 with the coarse-grained tester mf H-1247. It is concluded that, in the synthesis of commercial rye hybrids, it is necessary to strive to ensure that all parent forms are gross-grained. To obtain such lines, it is advisable to use methods of recurrent selection as well as convergent and cumulative breeding.

An analytical model of the dependence of the capacitance of ceramic capacitors on applied voltage has been substantiated, both theoretically and experimentally. A method of determining the parameters of the analytical model was developed on the basis of an exact solution of the nonlinear differential equation of capacitor discharge. Experimental data for ferro-ceramic multilayered capacitors is provided. Correspondence of the results of the proposed method with data from direct measurements by an RLC measuring instrument and information specified by the capacitor manufacturer, throughout the working voltage range, is noted.

The study proves the relevance of the problem of ensuring the innovative character of the development of software production quality management systems (QMS). The goal of the QMS is to ensure the sustainability of raising and maintaining a given level of software quality and achieving strategic competitive advantages of the software manufacturer as a whole. The authors present a description of existing concepts of various scientists of the world scale, and also describe in detail the conceptual apparatus of the problem. A schematic representation of the concept of \"innovative development of the quality management system of software production\" is demonstrated. The concept and principles of the paradigm and the mechanism of innovative development of the quality management system are considered. The original concept of the innovative potential of the development of the quality management system in the field of software development is original. A model of the potential of an enterprise operating in the field of software production is described, with reference to the quality management system. The uniqueness of the research consists in presenting the concept and structure of the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism for regulating the innovation potential of the QMS of software production.

Multilayer TiZrN/TiSiN coatings were deposited on steel substrate by the cathodic-arc evaporation technique. The TiZr (75:25 at. %) and TiSi (95:5 at. %) alloy cathodes served as evaporation sources. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, secondary ion mass-spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to investigate the microstructure, elemental composition, phase state and bonding structure of the deposited coatings. Nanoindentation and ball-on-disk tribology tests were used to measure the mechanical and tribological features of the coatings, such as hardness, elastic modulus, toughness, friction coefficient and wear rate. The results show that all multilayers were fcc structures with a strong preferred orientation along (111) plane. The coherent growth of the multilayers contributed to the formation of the fine-grained structure with crystallites of 9.2–11.6 nm size and a low level of residual stresses of− (3.5–5.3) GPa. All multilayer coatings exhibited high hardness up to 38.2 ± 1.15 GPa and elastic modulus up to 430 ± 12.9 GPa, indicating higher resistance against plastic deformation compared to TiZrN and TiSiN films. The result of ball-on-disk wear tests showed that the multilayer sample with the best structural features (modulation period of 20.4 nm, 0.86 at. % of Si, the crystallite size of 9.2 nm and residual stress of− 3.5 GPa) demonstrated the lowest friction coefficient of 0.844 and better wear rate of 3.32·10 –5  mm 3 /N m.

Induced and frequently unwanted alterations in the mitochondrial structure and functions are a key component of the pathological cascade in many kidney pathologies, including those associated with acute damage. One of the principal pathogenic elements causing mitochondrial dysfunction in Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is oxidative stress. After ischemia and nephrotoxic action of drugs, sepsis and systemic inflammation are the most frequent causes of AKI. As the kidney suffers from oxidative stress during sepsis, one of the most promising approaches to alleviate such damaging consequences is the use of antioxidants. Considering administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a model of sepsis, we demonstrate that the mitochondria of neonatal renal tissue are severely affected by LPS-induced AKI, with pathological ultrastructural changes observed in both the mitochondria of the renal tubular epithelium and the vascular endothelium. Upon mitochondrial damage, we evaluated the effect of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant plastoquinol decylrhodamine 19 (SkQR1) on the development of acute renal failure in newborn rats associated with systemic inflammation induced by the administration of LPS. We found that SkQR1 administration 3 h before LPS led to decreased urinal expression of the AKI marker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin 2 (NGAL), in addition to a decrease in urea and creatinine levels in the blood. Additionally, an observed impairment of proliferative activity in the neonatal kidney caused by LPS treatment was also prevented by the treatment of rat pups with SkQR1. Thus, one of the key events for renal tissue damage in neonatal sepsis is an alteration in the structure and function of the mitochondria and the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQR1 is an effective nephroprotective agent, which protects the neonatal kidney from sepsis-induced AKI.

Fibrosis is a severe complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Progesterone, like other sex hormones, plays an important role in renal physiology, but its role in CKD is poorly understood. We investigated progesterone effect on renal fibrosis progression in the rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Female rats were exposed to UUO, ovariectomy and progesterone administration after UUO with ovariectomy. Expression of key fibrosis markers, proinflammatory cytokines, levels of membrane-bound (PAQR5) and nuclear (PGR) progesterone receptors, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity were analyzed in the obstructed and intact rat kidney. In all groups exposed to UUO, decreased PAQR5 expression was observed in the obstructed kidney while in the contralateral kidney, it remained unaffected. We found increased mRNA levels for profibrotic COL1A1 , FN1 , MMP2 , TIMP1 , TIMP2 , proinflammatory IL1α , IL1β , and IL18 , as well as elevated α-SMA and MMP9 proteins, collagen deposition, and MMP2 activity in all UUO kidneys. Progesterone had slight or no effect on the change in these markers. Thus, we demonstrate for the first time diminished sensitivity of the kidney to progesterone associated with renal fibrosis due to a severe decrease in PAQR5 expression that was accompanied by the lack of nephroprotection in a rat UUO model.

In patients with acute coronary syndromes, low doses of rivaroxaban were effective in reducing the primary end point of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Rivaroxaban also reduced overall mortality, although there was more bleeding. After an acute coronary syndrome, patients remain at risk for recurrent cardiovascular events despite standard medical therapy, including long-term antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and an adenosine diphosphate–receptor inhibitor. This risk may be related in part to excess thrombin generation that persists beyond the acute presentation in such patients. 1 As a result, there has been interest in evaluating the role of oral anticoagulants after an acute coronary syndrome. Improved cardiovascular outcomes were reported for patients who were treated with the anticoagulant warfarin in addition to aspirin. 2 However, widespread use of long-term warfarin in such patients has been limited by challenges associated . . .

Milvexian is a small molecule, selective factor XIa (FXIa) inhibitor being developed as an oral anticoagulant. This study assessed the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics (activated partial thromboplastin time [aPTT]), and safety of milvexian in healthy Chinese subjects. Part 1: Thirty subjects were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to receive milvexian 25 mg on Day 1 followed by 25 mg once daily (QD) on Days 5-12; milvexian 25 mg twice daily at 12-hour intervals (BID) on Days 1-8; or milvexian 100 mg BID on Days 1-8. Part 2: Ten subjects received milvexian 200 mg on Day 1 followed by 200 mg BID on Days 5-12. Plasma samples were collected for pharmacokinetics and aPTT assessments. Safety and tolerability were assessed. Milvexian was rapidly absorbed (median t of 3-4 hours after a single dose and repeated administration). Mean maximum concentrations or area under the concentration-time curve values of milvexian in plasma after single doses or BID administration of 25 mg, 100 mg, or 200 mg increased in a dose-dependent manner. Steady state conditions were achieved within 6 days of repeated administration based on milvexian trough concentration values. Mean terminal half-life values (9-10 hours) were independent of the dose. Milvexian reversibly prolonged aPTT in a manner that was directly related to milvexian dose and exposure. All milvexian regimens were safe and well tolerated, with only mild treatment-emergent adverse events and no clinically significant bleeding events. No new safety signals were identified. The pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and safety profiles of milvexian demonstrate suitability for further clinical development in Chinese participants.