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Purpose: Airports play a vital role in global transportation networks, facilitating the movement of people, goods, and services, while also serving as catalysts for economic growth; however, it also has an environmental and social impact that needs to be analyzed. This literature review aims to address knowledge gaps concerning the influence of airport infrastructure on economic, socio-economic, environmental, and sustainability factors.   Theoretical Framework: Adopts a multidisciplinary approach, blending economic, environmental, and societal theories of impact.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The SPAR-4-SLR protocol was utilized, analyzing a comprehensive set of 32 scientific papers categorized within the previously mentioned areas.   Findings: Several areas were identified that require further investigation, including strategies to mitigate the environmental impact of airports, assessment of socio-economic implications on local communities, and ensuring the long-term sustainability of airport operations.   Originality/Value: Going beyond the conventional focus, the study provides original insights that extend the understanding of direct economic benefits, environmental consequences, and societal impacts. By synthesizing diverse perspectives, this research contributes significantly to the discourse on airport development, making it an invaluable resource for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers.

This is the first report of the health economic benefits derived from preventing infections through Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy (IgRT) in patients with secondary immunodeficiency due to hematological malignancies. We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study using patient medical history and pharmacy data from the Hospital Clínico San Carlos for 21 patients between 2011 and 2020. The pharmacoeconomic impact of using prophylactic IgRT was assessed by comparing characteristics of the SID patients 1 year before and after initiating IgRT measured by direct medical and tangible indirect costs. Results indicate a marked reduction in hospitalization days following IgRT initiation, decreasing from an average of 13.9 to 6.1 days per patient, with the elimination of ICU admissions. While emergency department visits decreased significantly, the number of routine consultations remained unchanged. Notably, absenteeism from work dropped substantially. The financial analysis revealed significant reductions in medication use and fewer ancillary tests, resulting in considerable cost savings. Specifically, total expenditure dropped from €405,088.18 pre-IgRT to €295,804.42 post-IgRT—including the cost of IgRT itself at €156,309.60. Overall, the annual savings amounted to €109,283.84, validating the cost-effectiveness of IgRT in managing SID in patients with hematological cancers.

The main objective of this work is to analyse how the representation in the public sphere of the Crown and the Head of the Spanish State is managed towards public opinion through public, official, and unofficial institutional acts, as reported by the House of H. M. the King. To answer the research questions contained in this objective, a quantitative methodological design based on content analysis is carried out (Krippendorff, 2002). This is applied to a corpus of the 996 public, official, and unofficial acts, contained in the web institution of the House of H. M. the King, between 2015 and 2019, for its subsequent computer processing with SPSS statistical software. Through the concept of intramethod triangulation, a qualitative analysis is applied in an auxiliary way to answer RQ3. The results show not only that the presence of the Royal Family, in the acts observed, contributes towards the public staging of its constitutional functions, but also that there is a map of specific audiences on which the Royal House projects pertinent legitimising messages (regarding the Crown and the Head of State) based on perceived social demands. This confirms the existence of a dialogical communication system, supported by a strategic conception of Crown-society relations, which is resolved mainly through ceremonial acts. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar cómo, a través de los actos institucionales públicos, oficiales y no oficiales, de los que informa la Casa de S. M. el Rey, se gestiona la representación en la esfera pública de la Corona y la Jefatura del Estado español ante la opinión pública. Para responder a las preguntas de investigación contenidas en este objetivo, se realiza un diseño metodológico cuantitativo sustentado en el análisis de contenido (Krippendorff, 2002) que se aplica sobre un corpus de los 996 actos públicos, oficiales y no oficiales, presentados en la web institucional de la Casa de S.M el Rey entre 2015 y 2019, para su posterior tratamiento informático con el software estadístico SPSS. A través del concepto de triangulación intramétodos, de forma auxiliar, se realiza un análisis cualitativo que se aplica a la PI3. Los resultados demuestran no solo que la presencia de la Familia Real en los actos observados coadyuva a la escenificación pública de sus funciones constitucionales, sino que además existe un mapa concreto de públicos sobre los que la Casa Real proyecta pertinentes mensajes legitimadores (de la Corona y de la Jefatura del Estado) en función de la demanda social percibida. Este hecho confirma la existencia de un sistema de comunicación dialógico que sustenta una concepción estratégica de las relaciones Corona-sociedad que se resuelve principalmente a través de los actos.

This paper focuses on the anthropic dynamics of environmental transformation and natural resource management in the specific case of the archaeological site of Tossal de la Vila in Castelló, Spain, a hillfort located at the end of the Eastern Iberian Cordillera. It presents two phases of occupation determined by multiple radiocarbon dating analyses: the first phase during the late Bronze Age (8th–7th centuries BCE) and the second at the beginning of the al-Andalus period (8th–10th centuries CE). The results of the comparison of the subsistence strategies and the biotic configuration of the natural environment in the same place at two different times have shown us that in the protohistoric period, the diversity of economic activities represented in the archaeobiological record is certainly heterogeneous, while in the al-Andalus period the complexity of these options is reduced to much less significant limits, possibly due to the different functionality of this space in both periods.

Studies comparing rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) and horse ATG (hATG) in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) have shown conflicting results. These studies included fewer than 60 subjects in the rATG arm with relatively short follow-up. A total of 169 patients treated with rATG and 62 treated with hATG were included in this retrospective analysis, across 33 centers. Patients were treated with rATG or hATG plus cyclosporine A. Over half were classified, as having severe AA (SAA) or very severe AA (VSAA), and the mean follow-up was 45 months. There was no significant difference detected in cumulative response to treatment or survival between the rATG and hATG groups. The response to treatment was 63 % in the rATG group versus 66 % in the hATG group at 3 months. By 12 months, this pattern had reversed, and 84 % of rATG patients had responded to treatment versus 76 % in the hATG group (n.s.). Early mortality due to infection tended to be higher with rATG compared to hATG (n.s). rATG and hATG would seem to be therapeutically equivalent in SAA and VSAA. However, patients treated with rATG may take longer to respond than those treated with hATG and may also require more active prevention of early infections.

Background Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial (MRGNB) infections represent a major public health threat. Cancer patients and, among them, hematological patients are most vulnerable to these infections. Gut colonization by MRGNB is a common phenomenon occurring during hospitalization and chemotherapy exposure. In the neutropenic phase that occurs after chemotherapy, MRGNB translocation occurs increasing patient’s mortality. Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin efficacy is now being questioned due to the increase of incidence in MRGNB. Methods A phase III randomized, controlled, clinical trial, open-label parallel-group with a 1:1 ratio, aimed to demonstrate the non-inferiority of oral fosfomycin versus oral ciprofloxacin for febrile neutropenia prevention in patients with acute leukemia (AL) or hematopoietic cell transplant (HSC) receptors. Weekly surveillance cultures are planned to detect gut colonization. Changes in fecal microbiome at the beginning and end of prophylaxis will also be analyzed. Discussion This trial will provide evidence of the efficacy of an alternative drug to ciprofloxacin for febrile neutropenia prevention in high-risk hematological patients. The battery of planned microbiological studies will allow us to evaluate prospectively the microbiological safety of both pharmacological strategies in terms of the selection of MRGNB occurring in each arm. In addition, valuable information on the way in which each drug changes the fecal microbiome of the patients throughout the treatment will be generated. Trial registration Clinical trials NCT05311254, Registered on 5 April 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05311254?term=FOVOCIP&cntry=ES&draw=2&rank=1 . Protocol version: 3.0, dated 20 May 2022.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has become a highly curable malignant disease after the introduction of all transretinoic acid (ATRA) to chemotherapy treatment. However, the risk to develop therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) has become a matter of concern, as APL patients are otherwise expected to have a good prognosis. We report a patient with APL who achieved complete remission after chemotherapy induction with anthracycline and ATRA, followed by consolidation and maintenance chemotherapy. Two years later, the patient developed t-AML, with MLL rearrangements, without any evidence of relapse of the APL original clone. The increasing incidence of t-MN in oncohematological patients is partly due to the development of safer, more efficient or targeted therapies, which allow better outcomes and lengthened survival amongst treated patients. The identification of genetic factors, mechanisms or prognostic biomarkers in t-MN might open new windows for the development of personalized targeted therapy regimes in this underserved patient population.

Construction and demolition waste (CDW) represents a critical environmental challenge in the building sector, with global generation exceeding 3.57 billion tonnes annually. The circular economy (CE) framework offers a transformative pathway through selective deconstruction and material recovery, yet implementation faces significant barriers including information asymmetry, supply chain fragmentation, and regulatory uncertainty. This study conducts a systematic literature review using the Context–Mechanism–Outcome (CMO) framework to analyze how computational methods, specifically Digital Twins (DT), Building Information Modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, artificial intelligence, and robotics, act as enablers for resilience in CDW management. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and realist synthesis principles, we analyzed 42 high-quality empirical studies from Web of Science and Scopus (2015–2025). Our analysis identifies seven primary mechanisms: traceability (M1), simulation (M2), classification (M3), tracking (M4), collaboration (M5), analytics (M6) and robotics (M7). These mechanisms interact with four critical contexts (information asymmetry, supply chain fragmentation, economic uncertainty, operational risks) to generate outcomes at two levels: resilience capabilities (visibility, monitoring, collaboration, flexibility, anticipation) and performance indicators (recovery rates, cost reduction, CO2 emissions mitigation, occupational safety). Key findings from the CMO analysis reveal that blockchain-enabled traceability increases material recovery rates by 15–25%, DT simulation reduces deconstruction costs by 20–30%, and computer vision automation improves sorting accuracy to 85–95%. The study contributes middle-range theories explaining how digital technologies enable circular transitions under specific contextual conditions, offering actionable strategic implications for researchers, project managers, technology developers, and policymakers committed to advancing computational economics in sustainable construction.

Frontera de Asia y África, el canal de Suez ha constituido a lo largo de su historia un importante activo geoestratégico por su valor mercantil y su capital en reputación. A través de una investigación historiográfica, este trabajo reconstruye y analiza las tres grandes ceremonias de inauguración del canal de Suez documentadas históricamente, y su incidencia en la gestión de la opinión pública. A través de hitos como la parada militar, el acto religioso o la disposición protocolaria de asientos para líderes invitados, los resultados demuestran la relevancia persuasiva de las ceremonias y permiten establecer las diferentes tipologías comunicativas, ligadas a la propaganda y a modelos unidireccionales de relaciones con sus públicos, utilizadas por las potencias que controlan el canal en cada una de las inauguraciones observadas. Lying at the border between Asia and Africa, throughout its history the Suez Canal has constituted an important geo-strategic asset for its commercial value and its reputational importance. Through a historiographic investigation, this work reconstructs and analyzes the three major, historically-documented inauguration ceremonies of the Suez Canal, and their impact on forming public opinion. Through key events such as military parades, religious ceremonies, or official seating arrangements for guest leaders, the results demonstrate the persuasive relevance of ceremonies and allow the establishment of different types of communication, linked to propaganda and unidirectional models of relations with their audi­ences, used by the authorities in control of the Suez Canal in each of the observed opening ceremonies.