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Circumstellar Interaction in Supernovae in Dense Environments—An Observational Perspective
In a supernova explosion, the ejecta interacting with the surrounding circumstellar medium (CSM) give rise to variety of radiation. Since CSM is created from the mass loss from the progenitor, it carries footprints of the late time evolution of the star. This is one of the unique ways to get a handle on the nature of the progenitor system. Here, I will focus mainly on the supernovae (SNe) exploding in dense environments, a.k.a. Type IIn SNe. Radio and X-ray emission from this class of SNe have revealed important modifications in their radiation properties, due to the presence of high density CSM. Forward shock dominance in the X-ray emission, internal free-free absorption of the radio emission, episodic or non-steady mass loss rate, and asymmetry in the explosion seem to be common properties of this class of SNe.
Journal Article
Relationship between recruitment process outsourcing and partnership quality
The main focus of this paper is to find the relationship between outsourcing motivators and partnership quality in outsourcing of recruitment process. The objective has been accomplished through studying the number of literature and generating the conclusions originate in it. It is found that there is a positive and significant relationship between RPO motivators and partnership quality. The partnership quality is reflected in improving motivators of RPO.
Journal Article
Impact of advance care planning and end‐of‐life conversations on patients with cancer: An integrative review of literature
Purpose The purpose was to review published articles to examine the impact of advance care planning (ACP) and end‐of‐life (EOL) conversations on patients with cancer, and aimed to compare the findings for congruency with the goals of ACP. Design and Method The study was guided by Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review methodology. Articles published between 2015 to 2020 were identified through electronic databases. The search included: Cumulative Index for Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, MEDLINE‐Ovid, and MEDLINE full text, and using the MeSH terms. Two hundred and five (205) articles were identified and screened for eligibility, and 15 articles were appraised. Findings The fifteen (15) articles that met the inclusion criteria included five (5) qualitative, eight (8) quantitative, and two (2) mixed methods. The review analysis revealed six themes emerged in three categories: cancer patients' experience with advance care planning (1) patients' prognostic awareness, (2) decision making; cancer patients' perceived outcomes with advance care planning (3) patient‐provider relationship, (4) concordance in care based on goals, and cancer patients' propositions related to advance care planning, (5) timings of advance care planning discussions, and (6) support during ACP and/or EOL conversations. Conclusion ACP and EOL conversations play a critical role in cancer patients' awareness of their disease and prognosis and help them in making end‐of‐life care decisions. Clinical relevance There exists a need for earlier ACP and EOL conversations with cancer patients with emotional support during these conversations.
Journal Article
Antibiotic-Therapy-Induced Gut Dysbiosis Affecting Gut Microbiota—Brain Axis and Cognition: Restoration by Intake of Probiotics and Synbiotics
Antibiotic therapy through short-term or repeated long-term prescriptions can have several damaging effects on the normal microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. Changes in microbiota could be multiple including decreased diversity of species in gut microbiota, changed metabolic activity, and the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis in turn can induce antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and recurrent infections caused by Clostridioides difficile. There is also evidence that the use of different chemical classes of antibiotics for the treatment of a variety of ailments can lead to several health issues including gastrointestinal, immunologic, and neurocognitive conditions. This review discusses gut dysbiosis, its symptoms and one important cause, which is antibiotic therapy for the induction of gut dysbiosis. Since the maintenance of good gut health is important for the well-being and functioning of physiological and cognitive activities through the normal gut-microbiota–brain relationship, the condition of dysbiosis is not desirable. Specific therapies are prescribed by medical practitioners for the cure of a variety of ailments, and, if the prescription of antibiotics becomes unavoidable, there is a possibility of the onset of gut dysbiosis as the side or after effects. Therefore, the restoration of imbalanced gut microbiota to its balanced condition becomes necessary. A healthy relationship between gut microbiota and the brain can be achieved with the introduction of probiotic strains into the gut in a practical and consumer-friendly way, such as consumption of food and beverages prepared with the use of characterised probiotic species, fermented foods as the potential biotics, or synbiotic supplements.
Journal Article
Ecotoxicological effects of microplastics on biota: a review
The ubiquitous presence of microplastics in the environment has drawn the attention of ecotoxicologists on its safety and toxicity. Sources of microplastics in the environment include disintegration of larger plastic items (secondary microplastics), personal care products like liquid soap, exfoliating scrubbers, and cleaning supplies etc. Indiscriminate usage of plastics and its poor waste disposal management pose serious concern on ecosystem quality at global level. The present review focused on the ecological impact of microplastics on biota at different trophic levels, its uptake, accumulation, and excretion etc., and its plausible mechanistic toxicity with risk assessment approaches. Existing scientific evidence shows that microplastics exposure triggers a wide variety of toxic insult from feeding disruption to reproductive performance, physical ingestion, disturbances in energy metabolism, changes in liver physiology, synergistic and/ or antagonistic action of other hydrophobic organic contaminants etc. from lower to higher trophics. Thus, microplastic accumulation and its associated adverse effects make it mandatory to go in for risk assessment and legislative action. Subsequent research priorities, agenda, and key issues to be addressed are also acknowledged in the present review.
Journal Article
507; PS 4: Inclusion, cross-border actions, and preparedness in health emergencies
PS 4: Emergency Preparedness - Learning from the experiences of migrants during public health emergencies like COVID-19 and improving preparedness for future crises - Valeriia Rachynska and Poonam Dhavan, Auditorium A & B (Rectory), September 4, 2025, 10:30 - 11:30 The COVID-19 pandemic exposed deep inequalities in access to health services and underscored the urgent need to include migrants and mobile populations in health emergency preparedness and response – to address specific needs and vulnerabilities, as well as to engage with them in health service design and delivery. As we have transitioned from crisis, preparedness has moved higher on the global health agenda as we can see also through the recent adoption of the Pandemic Agreement by countries. Effective health security and preparedness must include strategies for social inclusion, health system integration, and equitable access to prevention, treatment and referral services for all, regardless of migration status. This intervention will draw on key lessons from IOM’s expertise and operational experience working closely with governments and other stakeholders during public health emergencies. It will explore how migrant-sensitive approaches to risk communication, disease surveillance, health services delivery, mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS), medical and public health innovations and partnerships can contribute to stronger public health outcomes. Framed within IOM’s Strategic Approach to Migration Health and commitments to relevant global health frameworks, this session will provide an overview of the plenary topic, from the perspective of IOM, with emphasis on cross-border actions, migrant inclusion and multisectoral approaches in emergency preparedness.
Journal Article
Pivotal avenue for hybrid electron transport layer-based perovskite solar cells with improved efficiency
This study conducted a simulative analysis of different hybrid perovskite solar cells with various hybrid electron transport layers (ETL) and hole transport layers (HTL). The electron transport layer boosts durability, lowers production costs, increases stability, improves light absorption, and increases efficiency. Hybrid ETLs are taken into consideration to improve the device's performance. The selected hybrid ETLs (PCBM–SnS
2
, TiO
2
–SnO
2
, and PCBM–PCPB) were modeled with four hybrid perovskite absorbers (CsPbI
3
, FAPbI
3
, MAPbI
3,
and FAMAPbI
3
) and five HTLs (PEDOT: PSS, CuI, Spiro-OMeTAD, CBTS, and NiO). Three sets of solar cells are found to be the most effective configurations after investigating over sixty different combinations of perovskite solar cell architectures. The structures show CBTS as the efficient HTL for FAMAPbI
3
with all three hybrid ETLs. Besides, a holistic analysis of the effect of several factors such as the defect density and thickness of the absorber layer, temperature, parasitic resistances, capacitance, Mott–Schottky, impedance, conduction band offset, and current density–voltage and quantum efficiency characteristics is performed. The results show a maximum power conversion efficiency of 25.57%, 26.35%, and 23.36% with PCBM–SnS
2
, TiO
2
–SnO
2
, and PCBM–PCPB respectively. Among the studied hybrid ETLs, perovskite solar cell associated with TiO
2
–SnO
2
has depicted a superior performance (Voc = 1.12 V, Jsc = 26.88 mA/cm
2
, FF = 87.27%). The efficiency of the perovskite solar cell using this study has been drastically enhanced compared to the previous experimental report. The proposed strategy provides a new avenue for attaining clean energy and allows researchers to pave the way for further design optimization to obtain high-performance solar cell devices.
Journal Article