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How small startups are vying with corporate behemoths for quantum supremacy. Building a quantum computer has gone from a far-off dream of a few university scientists to an immediate goal for some of the world's biggest companies. Tech giants Intel, Microsoft, IBM, and Google are all plowing tens of millions of dollars into quantum computing, which aims to harness quantum mechanics to vastly accelerate computation. Yet the contenders are betting on different technological horses: No one yet knows what type of quantum logic bit, or qubit, will power a practical quantum computer. Google, often considered the field's leader, has signaled its choice: tiny, superconducting circuits. Its group has built a nine-qubit machine and hopes to scale up to 49 within a year—an important threshold. At about 50 qubits, many say a quantum computer could achieve \"quantum supremacy\" and do something beyond the ken of a classical computer, such as simulating molecular structures in chemistry and materials science, or solving problems in cryptography. Small startup company ionQ, a decided underdog, is sticking with its preferred technology: trapped ions.

All that patient record-keeping can help to answer two major questions about climate change: how much carbon dioxide pollution are forests mopping up, and will their capacity shrink over time? Studies from Parker's group and others reveal that trees around the globe are going through a growth spurt and are absorbing billions of tonnes of the greenhouse gas, meaning that forests are putting a brake on global warming.

Trees are supposed to slow global warming, but growing evidence suggests they might not always be climate saviours. Trees are supposed to slow global warming, but growing evidence suggests they might not always be climate saviours.

Forest schemes got a big boost from the 2015 Paris climate accord, which for the first time counted all countries' efforts to offset their carbon emissions from fossil-fuel use and other sources by planting or protecting forests. The 1997 climate treaty known as the Kyoto Protocol allowed rich countries to count carbon storage in forests towards their targets for limiting greenhouse-gas emissions. In 2011, an international group led by researchers at the US Department of Agriculture's Forest Service concluded that forests globally are a large carbon sink, taking more carbon out of the air through photosynthesis and wood production than they release through respiration and decay2. To estimate the climate impact of planting forests in different parts of the United States, ecologist Christopher Williams at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts, is combining global satellite data collected over more than a decade with carbon-sequestration figures based on data from the US Forest Service.

Open science can lead to greater collaboration, increased confidence in findings and goodwill between researchers. Open science can lead to greater collaboration, increased confidence in findings and goodwill between researchers.

Data are stored in CSV files (plain-text files that contain a list of data) on servers at Crowther's present laboratory at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and on those of a collaborator at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana; he hopes to outsource database storage to a third-party organization with expertise in archiving and access. [...]data can be shared instantly with anyone who has an Internet connection. [...]advances in measurement technology in many fields have heralded 'big data' that can form the basis of hundreds or thousands of studies. [...]the data from some publicly funded Earth-observation satellites are free and open. OPEN SCIENCE BY DESIGN Inadequate resources and training also inhibit data sharing, says Alexa McCray, a researcher in knowledge representation at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts.

First, Zvonimir Dogic and his students took microtubules - threadlike proteins that make up part of the cell's internal 'cytoskeleton' - and mixed them with kinesins, motor proteins that travel along these threads like trains on a track. Then the researchers suspended droplets of this cocktail in oil and supplied it with the molecular fuel known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

A wild plan is taking shape to visit the nearest planet outside our Solar System. Here’s how we could get to Proxima b.

Technology companies are attracting researchers through funding and partnership opportunities. Technology companies are attracting researchers through funding and partnership opportunities.