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The LEUKOSPECT study aimed to describe health service utilization and to estimate the direct medical costs (DMCs) of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in 2013 in the adult population of three post-Soviet countries - Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan. As oncologic medical care is provided by federal state-owned, specialized medical institutions, the cost estimation in this study primarily informs from a state budget perspective. Patients' contributions to medical costs were not included in the cost evaluation. This was a multinational, multicenter, retrospective study conducted in eight specialized centers (four in Russia, three in Ukraine, and one in Kazakhstan). The investigators captured data from the medical documents of all adult patients with an established CLL diagnosis before December 31, 2013, and who made at least one visit to their respective center between January 1 and December 31, 2013. A total of 319 adult CLL patients were enrolled (124 in Kazakhstan, 106 in Russia, and 89 in Ukraine). In 2013, the DMCs of CLL management (without CLL therapy) were €215.40 in Kazakhstan, €1,342.20 in Russia, and €13,260.70 in Ukraine. Hospitalizations formed the largest proportion of total cost: 18.1%, 23.1%, and 40.4%, respectively. The mean cost of CLL medical treatment was €13,580.60 (Russia), €399.40 (Kazakhstan), and €7,453.00 (Ukraine). CLL treatment standards varied across the selected countries; higher usage of biologic therapy was noted in Russia. Future research is needed to assess DMCs which include CLL treatment, which is another essential factor contributing to CLL DMCs.

Humanism as a principle for sustainable development of society, a model for the management of education and public education, is recognized as a fundamental principle by proponents of various schools of thought, social science, management and philosophy, and pedagogy. In their view, the philosophy of education and upbringing should clearly delineate the range of humanistic and moral values, define the social institutions designed to form an orientation towards these values, justify the relationship between the individual and the social qualities of the individual that could contribute to the “spirit of democracy” in society. However, addressing these important issues requires an exploration of morality identifying its nature, its functions in cognizing the world, and how it differs from other forms of cognition. According to the proponents of this socially-oriented direction of the management and educational philosophy, an important aim of education and upbringing is to develop the individual’s ability to reflect on moral topics; and this, they argue, is achieved mainly through the “language of morality” logic.

Background. Earlier, we showed that placebo intervention (distilled water with false message of Kyokushin Karate katas, KKK, exposure) produces measurable neurotropic effects. This report presents data on neurotropic effects of water actually exposed to KKK. Material and methods. The study involved five male participants (aged 26-60 years, right-handed, without clinical diagnoses). In the morning, under baseline conditions, ECG recordings were taken to assess heart rate variability parameters, alongside quantitative EEG measurements at 16 loci. Then participants drank blind 30 ml of distilled water exposed to KKK by the first author. After 1.5 hours, repeated testing was performed. Control experiments were conducted with plain distilled water, well water, and filtered tap water. Baseline testing data before and after the main experiment were also used (n=70). Results. Preliminary analysis revealed that effects of different control waters did not differ significantly, so they were combined into one group. In the absence of spontaneous rhythmic changes (Z±SD = 0.02±0.12), enhancing informational effects were found on power spectral density of δ-rhythm in F8 locus (0.81) and index of α-rhythm (0.78) as well as right-side shift in laterality of θ-rhythm (0.37) (average: 0.65±0.25). Against weak inhibitory spontaneous changes (average: -0.22±0.15), pronounced inhibitory informational effects on 11 variables were revealed (average: -0.53±0.09). Additionally, against pronounced enhancing spontaneous changes (average: 0.35±0.17), weak inhibitory effects of KKK-treated water (-0.29±0.50) reflect significant essential inhibitory effects (average: -0.63±0.40) on 7 variables. Conclusion. The neurotropic effect of KKK-treated water is based on several cornerstones: ultra-weak biophoton emission from living systems, biophotons emission theory, hypothesis that photons released within the brain produce biophysical pictures during visual imagery (supported by demonstrations of increased photon emissions during white light imagination), discovery of water's fourth phase known as \"EZ water\" confirming \"water memory\" theory. When water treated with biophotons emitted during KKK enters another person, information about donor's brain activity affects recipient's brain activity and potentially the neuro-endocrine-immune network.

The management of a rural tourism cluster based on an economic-mathematical model stipulates the use of mathematical modeling methods to optimize the economic parameters of the cluster’s activity. Therefore, the practical aspects of the application of a system approach to the development and improvement of the management system in a rural tourism cluster are substantiated. The article aims to develop an economic-mathematical model for the optimization of the management of the rural tourism cluster parameters. The model uses the Kalman filter and deterministic feedback to evaluate the state of the dynamic system based on observations. The developed models and the management optimization algorithm are synthesized in the automatized information-analytical management subsystem. The typical list of business processes in the activity of a rural tourism cluster is characterized to specify managerial actions and improve their efficiency and performance. The ways of the algorithm’s integration into the automatized information-analytical management subsystem are outlined. Overall, the article offers the method of optimization of rural tourism cluster management based on mathematical modeling and management optimization.

Background. Mechanism obvious psycho-neurotropic effects Kyokushin Karate is unclear. We set a goal to find out the influence Kates on synaptic plasticity in the rat as well as parameters EEG and HRV in the humans. Materials and Methods. Study participants were Kyokushin Karate master (first author, who is also a psychotherapist and hypnotist), Reiki operator (fourth author as the object of comparison) and last author (a participant in a control). They were both the subjects and the objects of research. In basal conditions and during Kates and Reiki sessions we recorded EEG (\"NeuroCom Standard\"), HRV (\"Cardiolab+VSR\") and kirlianogram (\"GDV Chamber\"). Synaptic plasticity evaluated in rat hippocampal slice by method extracellular recording techniques. Results. Synaptic plasticity during Kates session increased on average by 7,5...0,9% (n=32; minimum: -2,8%, maximum: +18,6%). Over the next 11 minutes after the session plasticity continued to exceed the baseline to 7,2...0,8% (n=32; min.: -0,8%, max.: +17,4%). Reiki session for 11 minutes did not affect significantly on plasticity: -0,5...0,85% (n=32; min.: -9,8%, max.: +8,8%). In analyzing the parameters HRV and EEG, which significantly does not change after the Reiki session, revealed that after Kates session significantly reduced spectral power density ...x|Æ|/x|-rhythm in locus C3, on which is projected the left hippocampus, amplitude ...x|À|/x|- rhythm and markers vagal tone. Among the parameters of kirlianogram differences found between changes in energy of virtual the third, sixth, first and fifth chakras as well as asymmetry of seventh chakra. We found a strong canonical correlation between changes in parameters EEG, HRV and GDV. In a separate experiment showed that after Kates session increases gas discharge distilled water by an average of 71...31% (n=5; min.: - 3%, max.: +143%). These changes correlated with changes in the energy of the sixth chakra (r=0,77), which is connected to the brain and the pituitary gland. Conclusion. Operator Kyokushin Karate compared to baseline and control Reiki manipulation causes via Kates neurotropic effects both in vivo and in vitro.

Background. Drinking mineral water, along with fresh water, is one of the environmental factors that affect the condition of the human body. Organic substances, despite their presence in all drinking mineral waters, are still considered to be active only in the water of Naftussya type (which, due to mineralization less than 1 g/L, are not formally mineral), whereas the physiological activity of true mineral waters (which mineralization is greater than 1-2 g/L) are associated with electrolytes and trace elements. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of organic carbon and nitrogen of mineral waters in their effects on certain neuro-endocrine parameters. Material and Methods. Experiment was performed on 48 healthy female Wistar rats 240-290 g divided into 5 groups. Animals of the first group for 6 days administered a single tap water through the probe at a dose of 1,5 mL/100 g of body mass. In the second group we administered the water Naftussya from the Truskavets' layer, in the third group the water Sophiya of the Truskavets' field. The rats of the fourth group received the native water from the Gertsa (Bucovyna) field, and the last group its artificial salt analogue. The day after the completion of the drinking course in all rats HRV and endocrine parameters were registered. Results. On the basis of the correlation analysis with step-by-step exclusion, four endocrine parameters are included in the regressive model for organic nitrogen (R=0,543; R2=0,295; Adjusted R2=0,229; F(4,4)=4,5; p=0,004) and three parameters for organic carbon (R=0,407; R2=0,165; Adjusted R2=0,109; F(3,4)=2,9; p=0,045). Together, the organic components of the chemical composition of loading fluids determine their effect on the endocrine parameters by 39%. Conclusion. Organic substances of mineral waters play an essential role in their effects on the endocrine parameters of female rats.

The first weeks of the trial against Yulia Tymoshenko have shown that it has nothing to do with justice. It is not a trial. It is a farce, the last act of which will see Yulia Tymoshenko imprisoned not as a person but as the most powerful figure in the opposition, who opposes the regime and its plans. The whole society must understand this! The revenge against Yulia Tymoshenko will clear the way for hundreds of thousands of other reprisals against people who are regarded as politically undesirable by the regime, against pensioners, against small business that has almost been destroyed by the government, against youth activists, against anyone who opposes Ukraine's slide toward the state of a feudal-criminal oligarchy, and those who oppose the destruction of the Ukrainian national identity. Roman Ivanychuk (writer, poet, social activist, one of the founders of the People's Movement of Ukraine, Hero of Ukraine, laureate of Shevchenko National Prize and many other prizes, former national deputy)