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Background We recently developed CoCites, a citation-based search method that is designed to be more efficient than traditional keyword-based methods. The method begins with identification of one or more highly relevant publications (query articles) and consists of two searches: the co-citation search, which ranks publications on their co-citation frequency with the query articles, and the citation search, which ranks publications on frequency of all citations that cite or are cited by the query articles. Methods We aimed to reproduce the literature searches of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses and assess whether CoCites retrieves all eligible articles while screening fewer titles. Results A total of 250 reviews were included. CoCites retrieved a median of 75% of the articles that were included in the original reviews. The percentage of retrieved articles was higher (88%) when the query articles were cited more frequently and when they had more overlap in their citations. Applying CoCites to only the highest-cited article yielded similar results. The co-citation and citation searches combined were more efficient when the review authors had screened more than 500 titles, but not when they had screened less. Conclusions CoCites is an efficient and accurate method for finding relevant related articles. The method uses the expert knowledge of authors to rank related articles, does not depend on keyword selection and requires no special expertise to build search queries. The method is transparent and reproducible.

Objective: We recently developed CoCites, a citation-based search method that is designed to be more efficient than traditional keyword-based methods. The method begins with identification of one or more highly relevant publications (query articles) and consists of two searches: the co-citation search, which ranks publications on their co-citation frequency with the query articles, and the citation search, which ranks publications on frequency of all citations that cite or are cited by the query articles. Materials and Methods: We aimed to reproduce the literature searches of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses (n=250) and assess whether CoCites retrieves all eligible articles while screening fewer titles. Results: CoCites retrieved a median of 75% of the articles that were included in the original reviews. The percentage of retrieved articles was higher (88%) when the query articles were cited more frequently and when they had more overlap in their citations. Applying CoCites to only the highest-cited article yielded similar results. The co-citation and citation searches combined were more efficient when the review authors had screened more than 500 titles, but not when they had screened less. Discussion: CoCites uses the expert knowledge of authors to rank related articles. The method does not depend on keyword selection and requires no special expertise to build search queries. The method is transparent and reproducible. Conclusion: CoCites is an efficient and accurate method for finding relevant related articles.

This thesis primarily details synthetic and biophysical studies on the tridachiahydropyrone family of natural products. The general aim of this work was to explore an hypothesis regarding the location and function of these metabolites, isolated from sacoglossan molluscs. Specifically, it was hypothesised that tridachiahydropyrone is synthesised photochemically from linear polyene precursors via a selective double bond isomerisation-6pi electrocyclisation sequence which occurs within the cell membrane of the producing organism. Furthermore, it was postulated that this reaction sequence, and subsequent photochemical transformations of tridachiahydropyrone into the related products phototridachiahydropyrone and oxytridachiahydropyrone, serve to protect the producing mollusc from the damaging effects of UV radiation. Firstly, the proposed polyene precursors were synthesised using a convergent strategy dependent upon a late-stage Suzuki coupling. Their photochemical, biomimetic conversion into tridachiahydropyrone, phototridachiahydropyrone and oxytridachiahydropyrone, was then accomplished. The interactions of tridachiahydropyrone and its biomimetic precursors with model membrane systems were next explored, using a fluorescence spectroscopic technique. This work demonstrated that the molecules bind to phospholipid vesicles (PLVs) of varying compositions. The synthesis of tridachiahydropyrone within the PLVs was also achieved The propensity of the compounds to act as sunscreens was lastly investigated, by measuring the degree of protection against photochemically-induced lipid peroxidation they conferred on irradiated PLVs, using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. At high compound concentrations the compounds were found to act as sunscreens, whilst at lower concentrations pro-oxidant activity was observed. In addition to this main work, methodology for the palladium-catalysed cyanation of vinyl halides with acetone cyanohydrin was developed. Conditions were optimised using beta-bromostyrene, and shown to be applicable to a range of diverse substrates. The protocol proved chemoselective for vinyl bromides in the presence of aryl bromides, which were left unaffected and available for further chemical transformations, adding to the synthetic utility of the reaction.

From four countries (Canada, England, New Zealand and the United States of America) and five disciplines (Counselling & Guidance, Adult Education, Early Years Education, Indigenous Education and Human Development), five feminists in academia come together to share how feminism affects their practice. Ranging in reflections on teaching, research, service and scholarship, this article describes a cooperative enquiry into feminism in action in Aotearoa, New Zealand.

This paper explores the relationship between childbearing expectations and financial savings patterns among a group of mature-age, first-time mothers and examines how this relationship affects the transition to motherhood. Mature-age women who had previously expected to remain childless are less likely to have saved, thus making the transition to parenthood more stressful and complex. Adjustments to financial stress as a result of disrupted opportunities for saving and investing are explored. Qualitative data from the Dunedin Mature Mothers Study is presented to highlight how constraints in women's financial well-being affect mothers' employment arrangements, spending power, and provision of parenting resources. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

MIDLAND - Seclusion and isolation are a favourite method for controlling, punishing and changing the behaviour of individuals. The British did this 200 years ago. They cruelly transported outcasts, criminals and the downtrodden to exile for life in what is now Australia. In modern times, isolation of prisoners, often for many years, has been used at Guantanamo Bay as part of the war on terrorism. In the 1950s, prior to widespread recognition of children's rights and the advent of inclusive education, seclusion rooms were often used in institutions for the disabled to control violent behaviour in the absence of modern approaches to psychiatry and disability. Last week, I read with dismay about the \"calming rooms\" of the Simcoe County District School Board. In the U.K., they are called seclusion rooms, and they are still used in special-needs schools for profoundly disabled children who may become violent and out of control. But the choice of room in Simcoe County's supposedly integrated and inclusive schools seems to be based on those that are used in the treatment of severe drug withdrawal in adults. I've been an early-intervention specialist and teacher educator for more than 20 years in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Wherever I've taught, the consensus in education is that the best practice involves the ability to positively guide, manage and promote pro-social behaviour in the class by ensuring a calm, constructive and individualized classroom. Each child, no matter what his or her abilities or behaviour, is likely to thrive in this type of environment. Most children with multiple needs and learning challenges will succeed where there are extra resources, like an educational assistant, to support them in a regular class. But cutbacks are affecting our schools. Even our brightest and most energetic teachers have difficulty managing because children with intense special needs and complex issues are coming to school in increasing numbers. Initial teacher education in Ontario, which is mostly just one year, does not provide in-depth special-needs training.

MIDLAND - The 2012 London Olympics have come and gone. We've been awed. We've marvelled at the great sporting achievements of athletes from around the world. We've also been witness to one of the best organized, most memorable and most meaningful Olympic Games of our lifetime. It wasn't Canada's best Summer Olympics ever, but we have been left with some remarkable memories thanks to the likes of Christine Sinclair, the men's 4x100 relay team, and athletes who won medals or simply did their very best on a world stage after years of training and dedication.

MIDLAND - Clicking with someone makes us feel good. Goodness of fit can allow us to click. Goodness of fit is when our temperament and other characteristics fit well with the demands of relationships or learning tasks. This enables us to adapt more easily to our environment. When you have goodness of fit with significant people in your life, you readily communicate, you interact with ease, and you feel secure in their presence. Children need to have goodness of fit for their growth and development, and this fit comes from close attachment relationships early in life. Kids have better self-esteem if they fit with the essential people in their lives - parents, siblings, peers, teachers and extended family. Kids who don't fit and who don't connect may have trouble with relationships. They are often hesitant, unsure, and lack the ability to rely on the support of someone close. Goodness of fit is the basis for parents and adults learning to support children's temperament, personality and unique ways of reacting to the environment. Goodness of fit is also about a child's survival and adaptation to the demands of life, learning and relationships. Goodness of fit is one of the most essential determinants of how well a child will cope, adapt and succeed later in life. It helps them achieve in school, make friends and try new things in life. Goodness of fit is built from birth. Watch the parent of a new baby and see how they take time to discover the unique features of their newborn. Babies fit into our lives, but parents are naturally drawn to the unique characteristics of the infant...

MIDLAND - We have some amazing young people in our community. Take a look any week in this paper, and their glowing smiles are there in the photos of their sporting victories, school activities or community projects. All this energy and success might make us wonder what it is that makes these young people so confident, determined and excited about life. We know most of our children are not going to be sports superstars or thoracic surgeons. But we all want one thing for each of our children - to be happy. Being happy is getting more and more complex for young people. Families are fraught with more complicated relationships and configurations. Financial stresses are taking their toll as families grapple with unemployment and increasing rates of poverty. Substance abuse is an increasing reality for many young people. Furthermore, being a kid in school is not always pleasant if you are not academically inclined, if your peers bully you, or if you simply are not a child who has a positive outlook on life. It turns out it all boils down to a bit of common sense. Provide constant nurturing, closeness and consistent attachment parenting, and that child will develop more empathy, better communication and better learning abilities throughout childhood and into adulthood. Affirm and acknowledge a child's value as a person. Make them feel their perspective and feelings are important.

Greg Gilhooly's impact statement ('The Horror Never, Ever Goes Away' - Sports, March 17) about his cruel abuse by a trusted coach should be required...